I-Eucalyptus (i-Latin Eucalyptus L'Her.) Ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-500 zezitshalo zomndeni wakwaMyrtov. Abamele balezi zakhi zikhula e-Australia, eFilippines Islands naseNew Guinea, kunezinhlobo eziningana ezitholakala eziqhingini ze-Malay Archipelago.
Izimila ezivela kuhlobo lwe-Eucalyptus zihlala zivundlile, izihlahla ezinqabile kakhulu, izihlahla ezinkulu nezihlahla. Zithunyelwa ezizalweni ezikhula ngokushesha. Isiqu se-eucalyptus sinokungqimba kwe-cortical kalula. Amahlamvu ahlanganisiwe, alula. Indawo yabo ixhomeke eminyakeni yobudala. Ngakho-ke, ezitshalweni ezincane amaqabunga asessile, ahlangene. Eucalyptus ekhulile, i-sessile noma i-petioles, enye. Umumo ungaba lanceolate, oblong noma nxazonke, ovate. Le ndawo ihlukile, umbala wamaqabunga uhlaza, ubluhlaza. Kuzo zinhlayiya eziningi eziqukethe amafutha abalulekile. Izimbali zakha i-umbelliform, i-corymbose noma i-paniculate inflorescence ngaphandle kwe-perianth. Ngesikhathi sokuvula imbali, i-cap iyanyamalala. Izibalo eziningi; umhlophe, ophuzi, umbala obomvu.
I-Eucalyptus ibhekwa njengesitshalo esibalulekile; izinkuni zazo zisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa njenge-agent yokuthunga; amaqabunga namahlumela abo abasebenza njengezinto eziwusizo zokuthola amafutha abalulekile, asetshenziselwa kakhulu emithi, i-perfumery ne-cosmetology, imboni.
I-Eucalyptus iyisitshalo sempilo ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu wenhlabathi, njengoba zithatha futhi zikhuphuke amanzi ngobuningi obukhulu. Lezi zitshalo ziwusizo ekutshaleni kwezindawo zokuhlala, abameleli be-genus baqoqweni lwezitshalo zezitshalo. Ngakho ekuqoqweni kwezitshalo zezitshalo, ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ezipholile zikhula ezinjalo njenge-Eu. i-pulverulenta, i-Eu. i-resinifera, i-Eu. i-robusta, i-Eu. Leucoxylon, Eu. I-Sideroxylon, i-Eu. obliqua, Eu. i-viminalis, nabanye.
Imiyalo yokunakekelwa
Ukukhanyisa. I-Eucalyptus - isitshalo sendlu esikhula kahle ezindaweni ezikhanyayo, singathwala imisebe eqondile yelanga. Ungakhula isitshalo eduze kwamafasitela eningizimu. Amawindi aseMpumalanga nasentshonalanga anconywa ukubeka i-eucalypt ezindaweni ezikhanyisiwe kakhulu. Emafasitela asenyakatho, lesi sitshalo sizozizwa singenalo ukukhanya kokukhula okuvamile nokuthuthukiswa. Ehlobo, i-eucalyptus kufanele ifakwe emoyeni ovulekile, kodwa ukuze kukhanyiswe izinga lokukhanyisa kubalulekile ukujwayela isitshalo kancane kancane ukugwema ukushisa kwelanga. Ngokufanayo, kufanele ijwayele imisebe eqondile yelanga emva kwesikhathi sekwindla-ebusika noma ukutholakala kwesitshalo. Qinisekisa ukubeka i-eucalyptus endaweni elula kakhulu ebusika.
Umbuso wokushisa. Esikhathini esifudumele, isitshalo se-eucalyptus sidinga izinga lokushisa lokungu-24-26 ° C, ekwindla kuyadingeka ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa libe yi-16-17 ° C. Nikeza lesi sitshalo ngomoya oshaya njalo, kodwa ungavumeli ama-drafts.
Ukunisela. Kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, amanzi kufanele aphuze ngokweqile, njengoba ungqimba oluphezulu lwe-substrate loma. Sebenzisa okulula, amanzi okushisa ekamelweni lokunisela. Ekwindla, ukuchelela kufanele kuncishiswe, kuphuziswa ngobumnene, kepha ungadluleli i-substrate. Ngalesi sikhathi, manzi amanzi e-eucalyptus lapho i-substrate yayo idlala ngo-1-4 cm ejulile. Ukujula okuqondile kokukoma kuzoncika ngobukhulu besibindi. Uma i-hibernation ifudumele, ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe kaningi.
Ukungcola komoya. I-Eucalyptus isitshalo esithandayo umswakama ophezulu, kodwa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, alusebenzi ekupopheni. Kunconywa ukumnikeza umswakama ophezulu, ukubeka isitsha nge-eucalyptus nge-pallet ene-peat enomanzi noma ubumba obunwetshiwe.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyenziwa ngamanyolo amaminerali anamanzi nge-periodicity wamasonto amabili. Ubusika akufanele bungondliwe.
Izimbali. Ukukhula endaweni evulekile esimweni se-subtropics, i-eucalyptus iqhuma iminyaka engu-2-10 yokuphila. Isikhathi esiqondile semifino sihlukahluka kusuka ezilwaneni kuya ezilwaneni. Ama-Eucalypts, asezindaweni zokugcina izithombo zasenyakatho futhi ekhula njengezitsha zobumba kanye ne-kadak, ungaqhakazi, nakuba ukhula ngamandla.
Ebusika, i-eucalyptus iza ukuphumula. Ngalesi sikhathi, isitshalo kufanele sigcinwe ekamelweni elikhanyayo ngo-16 ° C, lithele ngokucophelela.
I-Eucalyptus ihlobisa ngenxa yamahlamvu ayo. Awudingi ukuphanga amahlumela njalo ngonyaka. Ukuze uthole ukwakheka okuhle komqhele, kufanele uqede amahlumela abasha.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo. Izibonelo ezincane zama-eucalyptus zifakelwa njalo ngonyaka, abadala - njalo eminyakeni engu-2-3. Kodwa-ke, okwamanje, kudinga ukuvuselelwa konyaka we-topsoil. I-substrate ye-eucalyptus ingase ibe yilezi zakhiwo ezilandelayo: i-turf emhlabathini, i-humus emhlabeni, i-peat nesihlabathi ku-2: 1: 1: 1. Qinisekisa ukwenza amanzi amanzi phansi kwetangi.
Ukukhiqiza. Ama-Eucalyptus akhiqiza imbewu. Imbewu encane ifinyelela ku-1-2 mm ubude. Bahlwanyelwa phakathi nenkathi kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuFebhuwari esitsheni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa umhlaba we-sod nesihlabathi ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo. Imbewu igwinywa emhlabathini nge-5 mm. Kwezinye izinhlobo ze-eucalyptus, ukuhluma kwembewu kuxhomeke ekukhanyeni. Kulokhu, ababhapathizwa emhlabathini, futhi isitsha sigcwele ingilazi evela phezulu. Qaphela futhi uqaphele ukuchelela: ngobuningi obuningi, kuhluma ngokushesha. Ngokuvamile ziyakuthinteka umlenze omnyama. Izithombo zivela cishe ngosuku lwesikhombisa ngaphansi kwemibandela yokushisa lokushisa ka 18-20 ° C. Uma kuvela amaqabunga angempela, izithombo zihlwanyela ngamunye ngamapulenti angu-7, lapho kusetshenziswa ukuhlanganiswa komhlaba okulandelayo: i-turf emhlabathini, i-humus nesihlabathi esilingana ukwabelana.
Kunzima kokunakekelwa
- Ungayifaki isitshalo sendawo elangeni emva kwesikhathi eside sezulu esibhakabhakeni, futhi kusukela endaweni ene-light diffus, kungenjalo i-eucalyptus izothola ukushisa okukhulu. Hlanganisa isitshalo ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo kancane kancane.
- Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya, izitshalo ze-eucalyptus ziyadluliselwa, amaqabunga aphansi futhi alahlekelwe umbala wawo wangaphambili. Qaphela lapho utshela isitshalo: akuthandi ukuma, futhi akubekezeli ukuthungwa okunamandla.
- Ungavumeli i-drafts, i-eucalyptus ayikubekezeli, ukuqhuma umoya emoyeni nakho akufiseki.
- Izinambuzane: ama-aphid, isicabucabu.