Izinga le-hemoglobin egazini linciphisa, ambalwa amangqamuzana egazi abomvu akha egazini, amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, ibhalansi ibhalansi iphazamiseka. Njengomthetho, lokhu kwenzeka ku-trimester yokuqala. I-anemia ingashiwo uma izinga le-hemoglobin lingaphansi kuka-110 g / l. Njengomthetho, kubo bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe kuyinkimbinkimbi evamile futhi kuyinsimbi engenayo. Uma ukuxilongwa okunjenge-anemia kwenziwa, kuthinta inhlalakahle yowesifazane okhulelwe, amandla akhe okusebenza, kanye nezimo ezivela ezinhlanganweni eziningi nezinhlelo. Uma umama wesikhathi esizayo ebhekana nokuntuleka kwensimbi ngenkathi ekhulelwe futhi engazange athathe noma yikuphi ukwelapha, khona-ke lokhu kunenkinga kungathinta ingane.
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile zomzimba yinsimbi. Emzimbeni womuntu, kubangelwa ama-4 g. Umphumela wensimbi ezithombeni nasezintweni ziphezulu kakhulu. I-75% yensimbi iyingxenye ye-hemoglobin. Insimbi enamathele kakhulu enyama. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukukhulelwa, kunezinhlobo eziningi zemvelaphi yezilwane. Inani elidingekayo lensimbi emzimbeni wesifazane ongeyena okhulelwe yi-1.5 mg ngosuku. Ngenkathi yokukhulelwa, isidingo salesi sici esibalulekile sanda. Ku-1 trimester, i-2.5 mg ngosuku, ngo-2 trimester-3.5 mg ngosuku, ku-3 trimester-4.5-5 mg ngosuku. Inani elikhulu lensimbi liyadingeka ngezidingo ze-fetus kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-placenta. Ngokuvamile ukungabi nensimbi kuyabonakala ngesonto eli-16-20, lapho ingane iqala inqubo ye-hematopoiesis. Kanti futhi, iningi lemithi yensimbi ihamba phakathi kwezigaba ezintathu zokubeletha kanye ne-lactation. Ngokuvamile, amanani ensimbi abuyiselwa eminyakeni engama-4-5 emva kokukhulelwa.
Iziphi izinto ezibangela ekuthuthukiseni i-anemia?
- Ukudla kwama-Vegetarian kanye ne-anorexia.
- Izifo zenhliziyo, i-rheumatism, i-hepatitis.
- Ukuphuma kwegazi.
- Izifo zofuzo, lapho ukuphuma kwegazi okwedlulele kwaqaphela khona. Isibonelo, i-uterine fibroids noma i-profuse esikhathini.
- Ukuphikisana kwamagciwane, i-toxicosis yokuqala, njll.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-anemia?
Lokhu ngokuvamile kubuthakathaka jikelele, isizungu, umfutho wegazi ophansi, izintambo, ukubukeka kwezimpukane ezimhlophe noma zesiliva phambi kwamehlo, i-palpitations ephindaphindiwe, isikhumba esiphelile, isikhumba esomile, ukubonakala kwemifantu emagumbini omlomo. Isimo sezinwele nezipikili sibuhlungu. Kulaba besifazane abakhulelwe abane-anemia, ukunambitheka kuphazamiseka, kukhona ulimi oluvuthayo, kukhona ukucabangela kwamanye amafutha angavamile. uphethiloli, i-acetone, i-diesel. Kukhona ukunganaki komchamo ngokuhleka nokukhwehlela.
Kufanele ngidle kanjani ukukhulelwa kwegazi?
Yidla inyama eningi, i-cocoa, i-egg yolk, i-veal ini, ama-apricot, ama-alimondi. Okuwusizo kakhulu inyama ye-turkey, i-veal nesipinashi, inyama yenkomo, isibindi sesifuba, ulimi, izinkukhu, amaqanda kanye nobisi lwezinkomo. Amafutha aqukethe imikhiqizo: ushizi, i-cottage shizi, ukhilimu omuncu, ukhilimu. Ama-carbohydrate uzothola: ku-rye isinkwa sokugaya, emifino (utamatisi, izaqathe, ama-radishes, ama-beet, ithanga kanye neklabishi), izithelo (ama-apricot, amahalananda, ama-lemons, ama-cherry), izithelo zomisiwe (ama-apricot omisiwe, omisiwe, umquba), amantongomane, amajikijolo ( ama-currant, iziqatha, ama-raspberries, ama-strawberries, i-gooseberries), okusanhlamvu (i-oat, i-buckwheat, ilayisi) nobhontshisi (ubhontshisi, i-peas, ummbila). Qinisekisa ukufaka amakhambi amasha nobusi ekudleni.
Kumele uthathe imithi. Ukuze kuthathwe okungcono kwe-iron, kufanele kuthathwe ngokudla. Qinisekisa ukumunca kwe-iron folic ne-ascorbic acid. Ungayeki ukuthatha imishanguzo yensimbi enqunywe udokotela futhi emva kokujwayelekile izinga le-hemoglobin egazini.
Manje esihlokweni sethu wakwazi ukuthola ukuthi i-anemia ikuphi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe nokuthi bangakuvikela kanjani ukubukeka kwayo.
Elena Romanova , ikakhulukazi indawo