Izingane ezineminyaka eyisithupha ubudala zisengabantwana, kodwa asisekho izingane ezingenakuziphendulela futhi azifani neze njengoba zivame ukuzenza. Eminyakeni eyisithupha, kufanele kwenziwe ukunakwa okukhethekile ekukhulisweni kwezingane, ngoba kukhona isikole esizayo. Okokuqala, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi yini ingane okufanele ikwazi ukuyenza eminyakeni eyisithupha nokuthi kufanele ibe kanjani ukuze ilungise izimpawu zokuziphatha kwakhe nolwazi lwakhe.
Ukukhuliswa kwezingane eminyakeni eyisithupha: umsebenzi wezemfundo.
Ukukhuliswa kwezingane ezineminyaka engama-6 kusekelwe emisebenzini elandelayo:
- ukufundisa izingane ekuboneni, ikhono lokubheka izici zokubonisa izinhloso zezinto nezinto, ukuhlukanisa;
- ukuthuthukisa umuzwa wemibala, isigqi, umbono wezinhloso zobuciko nokucabanga, isinyathelo, amakhono obuciko nobuciko;
- Ukuletha ukuzimela, inhlangano, ikhono lokwenza ibhizinisi kuze kube sekupheleni;
- ulethe ekuqondeni ukuthi ikhwalithi yesithombe incike kokwazi kwendaba;
- kucacisa imibono yezingane mayelana nefomu lezinto, ukufana kwazo nokungafani, ukuphambuka kusuka efomini eyisisekelo;
- ukuhlukanisa, igama nokusebenzisa yonke imibala ye-spectrum ne-shades eyinkimbinkimbi (gray-green, gray-blue, red-brown);
- kuya ukunambitheka kwakho ukukhetha imibala efudumele, ebanda yemibala;
- khetha umbala wemibala ngokwesizinda sephepha;
- senze ukwenza imidwebo, ukudweba emcabangweni, ememori, kusuka emvelweni;
- faka izethulo zendawo;
- khuthaza izingane ukuba zifune ukuzimela ngokuzimela;
- hlanganisa ukufundiswa kwezingane ezinezobuciko obuhle nomculo ofanelekile, ubuciko bezinlimi (izinkondlo, izindabakwane, izaga, imilolozo yezingane, izindaba);
- ukufundisa ukusebenzisana ndawonye; ukuhlobisa ingaphakathi le-enkulisa, ukuhlobisa izimfanelo zemidlalo, imisebenzi, amaholide, ukuzijabulisa;
- khuthaza abafundi ukuba bahlolisise umsebenzi wabo kanye nomsebenzi wezinye izingane;
- ujabulele ekuphumeleleni kwama-comrades.
Ukukwazi nobuciko obuhle.
Ake sihlale eqinisweni lokuthi eminyakeni eyisithupha abantwana badinga:
- fundisa ukubona nokuzwa umhlaba wezimilingo zobuciko;
- ummeme futhi ummthande;
- ukufundisa ngokomzwelo ukuqonda imisebenzi yobuciko beklasi nobuciko besikhathi esidlule kanye nobuciko bezinye izizwe;
- phuthukisa ikhono lokubona imisebenzi yobuciko obuhle: okuqukethwe kanye nezindlela zokukhuluma, isithombe, umfanekiso, ukudweba; bangela isimo sengqondo esihle sengqondo emisebenzini yobuciko nesithombe. Khuluma ngabo, nikeza ukuhlolwa kwabo.
- Ukuzijwayeza izingane ngezobuciko ezahlukene: ukudweba; ihluzo kanye nezinhlobo zalo, ukudweba, ubuciko bendabuko (ubuciko, ukugqoka, ukufaka i-carpet, i-carpet, i-ceramics, imidwebo).
- Gxila ekunakekeleni izingane zasenkulisa ngendlela ecacile esebenzisa umculi.
- Ukuze ufunde ukuhlukanisa indlela yokuchaza ngokuyisimangaliso.
- Yazi ubuciko bomuntu besifunda lapho inkulisa ikhona khona.
Umdwebo wesifundo.
- Fundisa izingane ukuveza izici zezinto, ukuma kwazo jikelele, ukuphambuka kusuka efomini eyisisekelo (elihlanganisiwe, elandisiwe, le-concave), libonisa ngokucacile ukuma kwezinxenye zezinto, ngokuthembela kokwazi kwebunjwa bejometri.
- Ukwenza ikhono lokukhombisa izinto ngezindlela ezihlukene, ukudweba ngokwemvelo kusuka emvelweni, ubheke emvelweni, isaziso futhi udlulise izici zayo, isimo, umbala.
- Funda ukusebenzisa yonke imibala ye-spectrum, umbala ukugcizelela isici sento, isikhathi sosuku, isikhathi sonyaka.
- Thuthukisa amakhono ezobuchwepheshe emsebenzini wepenseli (ukushaya ukugcizelela ukuma kwento, ukubeka ngokulinganayo, ngendlela eyodwa).
- Ukuze ufunde ukusebenzisa amapende we-watercolor, gcina i-brush iqondile futhi ithambekele.
Izihloko ezithinta izimbali : izimbali, imifino, izithelo, amaqabunga ekwindla, ama-houseplants, amahlumela. Dweba kusuka ekuphileni:
- izihlahla, ezinezibonakaliso eziveziwe (i-popram pyramidal, i-birch, i-spruce, i-chestnut ekhulayo, izihlahla zezithelo ngezikhathi ezahlukene zonyaka), isihlahla saseKalina;
- izingane zezilwane - ama-kittens, i-puppy, isikhonkwane, inkukhu, i-cockerel, i-pigeon, i-crane;
- intombazane enezingubo ezinde, idonsa, i-parsley ejabule futhi edabukisayo, i-skier, i-astronaut;
- iloli, ukuthutha abagibeli, i-minibus, i-rocket yesikhala, isikebhe, i-yacht, isikebhe.
Umdwebo ohlobisa .
- Ukufundisa nge-symmetrically izakhi zezitshalo zamaphetheni ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene (umdwebo, isikwele, i-polygon, umbuthano), emigqeni ephathekayo yezinto zobuciko ezisetshenzisiwe (izingubo, izitsha, amathoyizi);
- Ukubeka amaphethini emaphethelweni efomu, emagumbini, phakathi, endaweni yonke, kugcizelela ukuma kwephepha;
- khetha imibala ecacile kwifomu ethile yobuciko, ngemuva kwephepha.
- Thuthukisa amakhono ukudweba izingqungquthela ezimbali, izinkondlo zezinyoni, izilwane ezisekelwe emisebenzini yabadwebi bomdabu;
- ukwenza izingoma ezivela ohlwini lweluhlu (i-flower-sunflower, amajikijolo e-currant, amagilebhisi, i-viburnum);
- Dweba imigqa eqondile, i-wavy, imigqa ephukile, idlula imigqa yobubanzi obuhlukene, ama-arcs, imibuthano, amachashazi, ukuhlanganisa umbala owodwa wokupenda nomunye.
- Dweba ngomunwe, i-pacifier, i-pipette, induku;
- sebenzisa ukushaywa kabili, kathathu, ukushaywa kwamasayizi ahlukahlukene.
- Ukubhala iphaneli, umfutho ovela kumaphethini ngabanye; bebonke badale izingoma zokuhlobisa.
Umdwebo wesithunzi.
- Qhubeka ukwandisa ikhono lezingane ukuveza esakhiweni umbono wokubheka imvelo ngezikhathi ezahlukene zonyaka, imikhosi yabantu, imidlalo, amasiko;
- ukukhiqiza izici zabo zesici. Ukufundisa abantu ukuba babonise emidwebeni;
- ukudlulisa ekudwebeni okuqukethwe okulula komsebenzi wokubhala: izinkondlo, izinkondlo, izindaba, amahlaya, ukudlala;
- qokomisa ekuhleleni into esemqoka ngemuva kwesayizi, umbala, ukuma, umugqa;
- ukuhlanganisa imibala ehambisanayo, ukudlulisela kulesayizi ubukhulu bezinto eziningana.
- Ukukhuthaza abafundi ukudweba izinto ezihlukahlukene: amapensela ezinemibala, amakhrayoni e-wax, ikhandlela, amapende;
- Ukumisa ngesundu, imininingwane yokwakha, izitshalo.