Biography kaFrida Kahlo

I-Biography yomculi odumile waseMexico uyingxubevange yezimzwelo eziqhakazile, okuhlangenwe nakho okuzwakalayo, okujulile futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo isimo sengqondo sokuphila, amanoveli omdlandla nobuhlungu obungapheli ngokomzimba. Ngemuva kokufa kwakhe, abantu abagcinanga nje ukudweba kwakhe, kodwa futhi le biography, egcwele insimbi, uthando olufuthekayo kanye nezinselele zokuphila ezahlukana nesabelo salo wesifazane omncane nobuthakathaka ngokubukeka. Abaqondisi baseHollywood bavulele ilungelo lokudubula ifilimu ngaye, ngokusekelwe empilweni yakhe kwafakwa ibhaluni hhayi ukukhiqizwa komunye wemidlalo. Futhi nakuba sekuphelile iminyaka engaba ngu-60 kusukela ekufeni kwakhe, uyaqhubeka emncoma futhi emncenga kuze kube yilolu suku. Ubuntwana obunzima
Uzalwa uFlala Kalo emzaneni waseMexico City - Kaokane ngoJulayi 6, 1907. Ubaba Guilermo Kalo wayengumJuda ongumHungary owayefuduka, wayezibandakanya ezithombeni, futhi umama kaMitylda Kalo wayengumSpanish ozelwe eMelika. Kusukela esemncane, uFrieda wayehlushwa ukugula nokuhlupheka ngokomzimba. Ngakho-ke, eneminyaka engu-6 ubudala wayenomsoco, okwakubangela izinkinga emthanjeni wamathambo, kanti le ntombazane yahlala isici ngenxa yokuphila - amathambo omunye wemilenze yakhe yaba mncane kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esemncane emgwaqeni, wahlekwa ngenxa yalokhu "umlenze weFrida - bone". Kodwa intombazane encane eyaziqhenya yonke inhlanhla isalokhu ixosha omakhelwane ibhola futhi ibhaliswe ngisho nebhokisi. Futhi ngomlenze wakhe omncane, onomunyu wafaka emasitheni ambalwa ukuze abonakale enempilo.

Lapho eneminyaka engu-16 ubudala wangeniswa esikoleni "Pripatoria" e-Medical Faculty, lapho ngokushesha athola igunya elingenakuphikwa phakathi kwabafundi ngenxa yesimo sakhe sensimbi nesimo sokwesabisa.

Inhlekelele kanye nokuqala kwendlela yokudala
Lapho eneminyaka engu-18 ubudala, kwaqala ukuqhuma okubalulekile kokubili. Ngobusuku obusika, wayesebuyela ekhaya nomngani wakhe lapho imoto yabo ihlaselwa itram ngesivinini esikhulu. Le nsizwa yaphonswa emthonjeni ngefasitela, kodwa yahamba ngezingxabano ezikhanyayo. UFrida wayenenhlanhla kakhulu. Induku yensimbi ephuma tram igcinwe esiswini sayo, yahlaba i-peritoneum nesibindi, okuyiqiniso ekuqedeni ububele bayo besikhathi esizayo. I-hip ephukile, ukulimala komgogodla ezindaweni eziningana, ukuhlukana kweshumi nanye kwezinyawo ezomile ngamapolisi, ukuchithwa kwezinyawo kanye ne-clavicle ...

UFrieda wenza imisebenzi engaphezu kuka-30. Kodwa ukoma kokuphila kanye nomkhuba wokulwa kuze kube sekupheleni kwaqhubeka kunqoba, futhi naphezu kokulimala okukhulu, wema futhi akazange alahlekelwe yinhliziyo. Kamuva wayevame ukuya esibhedlela futhi wachitha izinyanga ezimbalwa lapho - imiphumela yengozi yayilandelwa impilo yakhe yonke. Ngemva kwalolu daba, wachitha cishe cishe unyaka elele embhedeni wesibhedlela. Futhi yilapho ethatha imibala. Kumculi we-novice wakwazi ukubhala ngaphandle kokuphuma embhedeni, wakha i-stretch ekhethekile futhi wafaka phezu kombhede isibonisi esikhulu lapho intombazane yayibona khona. UFrida waqala umsebenzi wakhe wezobuciko ngezithombe ezizimele, okwakusungula yonke imisebenzi yakhe yesikhathi esizayo. "Ngizibhalela, ngoba ngiyedwa ngedwa, futhi ngoba nginguye engikwaziyo," kusho uKalo kamuva.

Indoda yokuphila konke
Ukuguquka kwesibili ekuphileni kukaFrida kwakuwukuzijwayeza nendoda yakhe yesikhathi esizayo, u-Diego Rivera. Wayengomunye wabaculi abanethonya kakhulu futhi abadumile eMexico ngaleso sikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayengumsekeli oqinile wemibono yamaKhomanisi, umphikisi wesimiso se-bourgeois nesithethi sokuqala.

Ukubukeka uRiveira wayemangalisa ngempela: i-giant enezinwele ezingenawo amandla, isisu esikhulu futhi asinandaba namancane. Emidwebo yakhe, u-Diego ngokwakhe wayevame ukuzibonakalisa ngesigqoko sokubamba izinwele esinezintambo ezinamathele enhliziyweni yakhe. Futhi empeleni, abesifazane baphambuka kuye, futhi akazange abashiye ngaphandle kokunakekelwa. Futhi uma esevuma ukuthi "uma ngithanda abesifazane ikakhulukazi, ngifuna ukubenza bahlupheke kakhulu." Lokhu kwakunguRivera wonke. Futhi lo mfana uFrida wehla ngaphansi kobuhle bakhe bokuthakazelisa.

Bahlangana lapho uFrida esengumfana osemusha. U-Diego Rivera waphawula izindonga esikoleni "Pripatoria", lapho afunde khona. Wayesekhulile kuye iminyaka engu-20. Umfana osemncane ufunda konke okusemandleni ukuze athole ukunakwa kwalowo mculi ohloniphekile, owaziwayo futhi othakazelisayo. Wagijima emva kwakhe, ehlekisa "uFesto endala," futhi ngolunye usuku wamemezela ngesibindi abafundi abakanye naye: "Ngizoshada ngempela lo mono." Ngakho nakho konke kuvele. Ngemuva kwengozi yemoto nangonyaka onzima embhede wabhedlela, uFrida waya ku-Diego ukukhombisa umsebenzi wabo obhalwe kule nkathi enzima. U-Riveira wamangala, kodwa, engaziwa, nakakhulu: umdwebo weKalo noma uqobo lwakhe.

Bashada lapho uFrieda eneminyaka engu-22 ubudala. Ngemuva komshado, bathuthela endaweni eyingqayizivele "indlu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" - indawo yokuhlala yombala we-indigo, oseMexico City, evame ukuboniswa ezikhungweni zikaFrida.

Ukuphila komndeni okungavamile nokudala
Ukuphila komndeni kaFrida Kahlo noDeveli Reveira kwakunjengokuqhuma kwentaba. Ubuhlobo babo bugcwele ukushiswa nomlilo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo begcwele ukuhlushwa nomhawu. Eminyakeni emihlanu emva kokuqala komndeni, uDe Diego washintsha uFrida nodadewabo. Futhi akazange azifihle lokhu ngokuphelele, azi ukuthi ubuhlungu umkakhe akwenza. KuFrida, kwaba yinto embi ngemuva. Echichima ukufutheka nokufutheka, wathululela imizwa yakhe engxoxweni. Mhlawumbe wabhala enye yezinto ezimbi kakhulu emisebenzini yakhe: intombazane efile efile ilele phansi, umzimba wakhe ugcwele ukusikeka okujulile, futhi ngaphezu kwayo kukhona umbulali, ebambe ummese esandleni sakhe futhi engaboni kahle esisiswini sakhe: "Kuwukuhlelwa okuncane nje!" - isihloko esibucayi esikhuluma futhi esibuhlungu besithombe.

UFrida walimala ngokuphunyuka komyeni wakhe futhi waqala ukuqala ukukhathazeka ohlangothini lwakhe. URiveira wayethukuthele ngale ndlela yokuziphatha komkakhe. USam uphelelwe yindoda enkulukazi, wayenomona omkhulu futhi engahloniphi amanoveli womkakhe.

Kwakukhona amahemuhemu ngoxhumano lukaFerda noLeon Trotsky. Ukuhlambalaza ukuguqulwa kweminyaka engu-60 ubudala, ukufika eMexico, kwahlala endlini yabakomunisti beCalo neReveira, futhi bathandana noFrida obukhoma futhi obuhle. Nokho, ukuthanda kwabo kwakungekho isikhathi eside. Kuthiwa lo mculi osemusha wayekhathele ukukhathazeka okungathandeki kwe "indoda endala" futhi kwadingeka ahambe "endlini eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka".

Ngehluleka ukulwa nokungathembeki kokubili kanye nokuxabana okuqhubekayo, uFrida noDan Diego banquma ukuhlukanisa ngo-1939. UFrida uya eMelika, lapho ukudweba kwakhe kuthandwa kakhulu. Nokho, uzizwa enesizungu futhi echithekile eNew York enomsindo futhi ehloniphekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma behlukana, labo abashade nabo baqaphela ukuthi naphezu kwazo zonke izimo, abakwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle komunye nomunye. Futhi ngo-1940 baphinda bashada futhi abazange bahlukane.

Lo mbhangqwana awuzange ube nomntwana. Nakuba le mizamo ayizange ibashiye isikhathi eside kakhulu. Izikhathi ezintathu uFrida wayekhulelwe, kodwa kathathu ukukhulelwa kwaphela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwesisu. Umculi uthanda ukudweba izingane. Kodwa ingxenye enkulu yafa. Nakuba inqwaba yemidwebo yakhe igcwele ukukhanya, ilanga, impilo, umbala kazwelonke nemibala ekhanyayo, kodwa kunezingqungquthela lapho isisusa esiyinhloko siwubuhlungu, usizi ngisho nesihluku. Phela, imisebenzi yakhe ibonisa impilo yakhe: ekhanyayo futhi ebuhlungu ngasikhathi sinye.

Eminyakeni yokugcina uFrida useqeshwe esihlalweni sabakhubazekile - ukuhlukunyezwa okudala akumniki ukuphumula, kakhulu kangangokuthi wenza olunye umsebenzi phezu komgogodla futhi unqume umlenze wakhe.

UFrieda Kalo wabulawa ngo-1954 evela esibhedlela lapho eneminyaka engu-47 ubudala. "Ngilinde ngokumomotheka, lapho ngisuka kuleli zwe futhi ngithemba ukuthi ngeke ngibuyele." UFrida "ngamazwi okugcina abhalwe phansi kwidayari yakhe, amazwi okuhlaselwa kuleli zwe. Emngcwabeni wakhe, i-sea of ​​admirers, abathandekayo kanye nama-comrades-ehlangene babuthana. Ngemuva kokuthola ukuqashelwa nokuthandwa okukhulu phakathi nokuphila kwakhe, uyaqhubeka ejabulisa izingqondo zabantu abaningi nangemva kokufa kwakhe.