Biography of Matilda Kshessinskaya

Igama laleli prima ballerina lokuqala nelokugcina le-ballet laseRussia laseRussia lixhunywe yizinkolelo zamahemuhemu, ama-conjectures kanye nama-scandals. Ukuphila kwakhe kanye nemisebenzi yakhe esiteji kwakungenakulinganiswa nomndeni wasebukhosini. I-ballet yaseRussia yadalwa njenge-whim yabantu ngabanye begazi lobukhosi, naye waba khona ngezindleko zabo, ngakho akumangazi ukuthi amabhola amaningi awaziwa futhi angabonakali abathandekayo abantu abaqhelekile. Ikakhulukazi kule nsimu ngikhumbula ibhola elidumile laseKshesinskaya.

UMatilda Kshesinskaya wayeyinkosikazi yangempela yasePetersburg Ballet, wabe esethula kulo mqondo we-prima ballerina yena futhi wahlala naye kuze kube sekupheleni kwesikhathi se-tsarist eRussia. Mayelana nalona wesifazane kwakukhona amahemuhemu angayithandi enye ye-ballerinas kusukela kumaminithi okuqala enkulumweni yakhe angathatha umphakathi.

U-Kshessinskaya ngokwakhe utshele ukuthi lapho efika endaweni yesehlakalo, uyazi ukuthi phakathi kwalabo ababukele ukusebenza kwakhe yibo abathandayo, futhi uma efika esiteji yena waleso sigaba sezethameli uveza ukuthi uyadansa, kuphela kubo.

UMatilda Kshessinskaya ngezinye izikhathi akabanga nje kuphela ibhola le-ballerina ye-ballet yaseRussia, kodwa futhi wanqoba inhliziyo yekusasa uTar Nicholas II. Lo wesifazane wayazi indlela yokuthabisa abantu basebukhosini ngomdanso wakhe, ngenxa yalokhu aklonyelwanga nje kuphela ukuthi wayeyi-ballerina enkulu, naye wayengumnikazi we-tsar kuphela, kodwa futhi no-Grand Duke uSergey Mikhailovich, futhi lokhu akuwona wonke amarekhodi okunqoba kwalesi sinyumba kusukela ekuqaleni ukubukeka kowesifazane.

I-ballerina eyinhloko yesikhathi esizayo e-Tsarist Russia yazalwa nomndeni wakwaPolle owadansa e-Imperial Theatre, futhi umama wakhe wayengumdansa odansa endaweni efanayo. Wayenedatha emihle ngokomzimba, futhi njengengane wabonisa isithakazelo ku-ballet, ngakho ubaba wayilungiselela esikoleni se-ballet.

Wafunda ngenkuthalo, futhi e-ballet yokugcina yesikole, lapho afunde khona, umndeni wonke othembekile weza. Wathanda yona kanye inkosi, wabe esengumlandeli kaNikki. Phakathi kwendlalifa nebhola le-Russian ballerina, leveli yavela, ayizange ihlale isikhathi eside, kodwa yayinobudlova futhi yayixoxwa kakhulu emphakathini.

Ekuqaleni, indlalifa eya esihlalweni sobukhosi yafika ku-polka ballerina itiye, kamuva yamnika imali ukuqasha indlu yokunethezeka, lapho imihlangano yabo yaqhubeka khona. Wamphakamisa ngezimbali, izipho, ukuvuma ngothando, kodwa ... Kwakuyisikhathi futhi wahlanganyela no-Alice waseHesese, kamuva owaba ngu-Alexandra Feodorovna.

I-ballerina yayinzima ngesikhathi sokuphumula, kodwa akazange anikeze umusa (wayezokwazi ngaleso sikhathi ukuthi ngo-1918 wonke umbhangqwana wasebukhosini, kuhlanganise nomphikisana naye, uzodutshulwa, mhlawumbe wayengeke ahlangane nabameleli bomndeni wasebukhosini nhlobo).

Ukuhlonishwa kwe-coronation, uNicholas II wanikezwa ukusebenza okuhle, futhi-ke, wayengamenyiwe kumaqembu ahamba phambili, kodwa wenza lokho. Imfihlo yokuphumelela kukaKshesinskaya ku-ballet yukuthi idansa ngothando nangokomzwelo, futhi ingathandi idockwork doll. Ngisho nama-gastrolers aphezulu ase-Italiya adilika uma eqhathaniswa nawo. Lo wesifazane wakhangisa abantu abavelele ngobulili bakhe, okwakubonisa ngobuciko ngebhola. Wayehlonishwa ngezindumiso ezinkulu empilweni njengebhola le-ballerina elihle futhi ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe yaba yinkanyezi ye-mega.

Ngakho-ke, uMatilda owashiywa akazange akhathazeke isikhathi eside kakhulu, ngoba wayesekelwa nganoma iyiphi indlela, uSergey Mikhailovich wazama ukumsekela, wamthengela indlu, kamuva waba nomthelela ekuthengweni kwesiteshi samandla esincane, futhi lapho engekho, waqhubeka ethola abamxhwele abamnika lokho abakwaziyo . I-Kshesinskaya yayinomnotho kakhulu, ngoba zonke izipho ezazinikezwa zona zangena kwirejista ekhethekile, lo mthetho wabuye wanikeza izingubo zakhe, wayekuthanda kakhulu ukugqoka, futhi ukuthi kulula ukwenza ikiti, zonke izinto zanikezwa ngenani labo.

I-Kseshinskaya ingakwazi noma nini ukubuyela kubanikazi bakhe abaphezulu nganoma yisiphi isizathu, ngandlela-thile, ngenxa yakhe, ngisho nomqondisi we-Imperial Theaters, Prince Volkonsky, wamisa (wamnikeza imali ngokuhluleka ukuhambisana nomyalelo wakhe, wakhononda lapho kunesidingo khona wayikhansela, kodwa waphoqeleka ukuba ukuyeka emsebenzini).

Edilini lokugubha umkhosi ngemuva kokuthola inzuzo yakhe, wahlangana noGrand Duke u-Andrei Vladimirovich (indodana yesoka lakhe uMkhulu uDuke Vladimir Alexandrovich), lo mhlobo waqala ukuba yindoda enobudlova, ngenxa yalokho okushiwo yi-prima ballet.

Wafihla ngokucophelela ukukhulelwa kwakhe futhi cishe izinyanga ezingu-6 akekho owaziyo ngakho. Ngo-1902 wazala indodana kaVladimir.

Ngisho nangemva kokuzalwa kukaVladimir, uMbusi Duke uSergei Mikhailovich akazange anikeze umshado wakhe ngokungacabangi, wavuma ngisho nokubona uVladimir njengendodana yakhe, kodwa uMatilda wayelindele isipho esivela ku-Andrei, futhi wayesengasheshi.

Ngenxa yalokho, waqala ukuhlangana nomlingani wakhe ku-ballet, uPyotr Vladimirov, owavuma ukuthi wayemnandi kakhulu futhi wamthatha esiteji njengokungathi ingilazi ye-champagne. Umphumela wale ndaba kwaba ukuthi uMkhulu uDuke u-Andrei Vladimirovich wayedutshulwa nomthandi womkakhe, ngenxa yalokho, lokhu kwahlukunyezwa.

UMatilda unelungelo elikhethekile lokudansa izinyanga ezimbalwa zonyaka, kanti sonke isikhathi sokuhlala enjabulo. Umqondisi omusha we-Imperial Theaters akayithandi inkululeko ye-ballerina ukuyibeka ngomoya ophansi, futhi wayephikisana neqiniso lokuthi naphezu kokubambisana nama-Grand Dukes, kuwuveza ngokuhlakanipha, kodwa akekho owenqabelayo, futhi wonke umuntu ujabule nalolu daba.

U-Kshesinskaya wayengummemezeli omuhle kakhulu, ngemuva kokuzakhela indlu ebizwa ngokuthi iKshesinskaya Palace, waqala ukuyihlomisa ngefenisha eyakhiwa ngesisekelo semingcele yeKshesinskaia ngokwayo, futhi eduze nalesi sihlalo kwakukhona izakhiwo zobuchwepheshe ezahluleka ngokuphelele ukusebenza kwesakhiwo sonke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lokhu kwacatshangwa ngokucophelela ngumnikazi ngokwakhe.

Egcekeni lika-1914, iMpi Yezwe I, uMatilde wayeseneminyaka engaphezulu kwengu-40 futhi wayesezweni elihlukile, lapho konke kungenakuqineka futhi kungazinzile. Walungiselela isibhedlela eduze nendlu yakhe futhi wamnika ukusebenza kokugcina ngaphambi kwenkosi.

Ngesikhathi se-revolution, wafihla isikhathi esithile, wabe esemthuthela eCaucasus ngethemba lokuthi i-Revolution izophela futhi umbuso wama-tsarist uzophinde ube khona kuleli zwe, kodwa lokhu akuzange kwenzeke, futhi ngo-1920 ibhola le-ballerina labalekela eFrance nendodana yakhe. Ngenaye, wayengenayo imali, njengendoda yomyeni wakhe, uGrand Duke Andrei Vladimirovich.

EFrance, bahlala endlini eyathengwa ngaphambi kwenguquko, kodwa waphoqeleka ukuyibeka. Ngo-1921 washada noyise wendodana yakhe, uGrand Duke Andrei Vladimirovich. Wanikezwa izinkontileka ezikhokhelwe kakhulu, kodwa wayengafuni ukwenza okuningi esiteji esikhulu, kodwa nokho wayesebenza njenge-ballerina kanye, ekuthumeni.

EFrance, i-prime ballerina ye-ballet yamaTsarist yavula isikolo sayo se-ballet ngo-1926, futhi kwakungekho ukungabi khona kwabafundi.

U-Kshessinskaya waqonda ukuthi abafundi bakhe abaningi babengeke bafeze noma yini ekuphileni, kodwa babefuna imali. Ngesikhathi sakhe samahhala, wayethanda ukudlala ekhasino. Ngo-1936 wagcina ekuphileni kwakhe okwenziwe eLondon, wahlushwa futhi wambiwa izikhathi eziningi ukukhothama (wayeneminyaka engu-64 ngalesosikhathi).

Wabe esebhala imibono yakhe lapho ebeka khona indaba yakhe yokuphila. Wahlala iminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-100 ngaphambi kokuba abe nezinyanga ezimbalwa nje kuphela kuze kube sekupheleni kweminyaka eyikhulu, ngakho-ke wafakwa ohlwini lwamabhalerinas asebenza isikhathi eside kunazo zonke emhlabeni.