Ngakho-ke, sikubonisa uhlu lwabahlengikazi abadumile kakhulu emhlabeni abakwazi ukuguqula konke ukuqonda nge-psychology. Phela, la ma-psychologist odumile baye bafakazela ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi le sayensi iyingxenye yokuphila kwabo.
Ake sikulungise ngokusho kukaFreud .
USigmund Freud , no-Sigismund Shlomo Freud uyisazi sengqondo sokuqala sanquma ukukutshela. U-Freud owazalwa ngo-May 6, 1856 eFriberg Austria-Hungary, manje e-Przybor, eCzech Republic. Izwe liyaziwa ngokuthi i-Austrian neurologist eyaziwa kakhulu elaba isisekelo seziko okuthiwa i-psychoanalytic esikoleni. I-Zygmud yiyona "ubaba" yombono wokuthi konke ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa yomuntu kungenxa yezinqubo eziningi ezingenalwazi futhi eziqaphelayo ezithintana kakhulu.
UVladimir L. Levy, isazi sezengqondo-imbongi .
Udokotela wezokwelapha kanye nesazi sokusebenza kwengqondo uVladimir Lvovich Levy wazalwa ngo-November 18, 1938 eMoscow, lapho ehlala khona manje. Ngemva kokuphothula esikoleni sezokwelapha, wasebenza njengodokotela isikhathi eside. Khona-ke wathuthela esikhundleni se-psychotherapist futhi waba umsebenzi ohloniphekile we-Institute of Psychiatry. U-Vladimir Levi waba ngumsunguli wokuqala wendlela entsha enje isayensi yezokwelapha, njengokuzibulala. Lesi siqondiso sasihlanganisa ukucwaninga okugcwele nokuningiliziwe kokuzibulala kanye nesimo sengqondo sabantu abajwayele ukuzibulala. Phakathi nesikhathi sakhe sokugula kwengqondo, uLevi wabhala izincwadi ezingu-60 zesayensi.
Ngaphandle kwengqondo, uVladimir uthanda izinkondlo. Ngakho-ke, hhayi ngeze ngo-1974, waba yilungu elihloniphekile le-Writers 'Union. Incwadi ethandwa kakhulu uLevi - "Ubuciko bokuba ngokwakho," "Ingxoxo ezincwadini," ivolumu emithathu "Ukuvuma kwe-hypnotist." Futhi ngonyaka ka-2000, ukukhanya kubone ukuqoqwa kwakhe kwezinkondlo ezibizwa ngokuthi "I-profile out".
U-Abraham Harold Maslow negama lakhe nge-psychology
U-Abraham Harold Maslow ungumqondo wezengqondo waseMelika owaba ngumsunguli ohloniphekile wezingqondo zokuphila kwabantu. Imisebenzi yakhe yesayensi edumile ihlanganisa nomqondo we "Maslow Pyramid". Le phiramidi ihlanganisa imidwebo ekhethekile emele izidingo zabantu ezivamile. Kwakuyi-theory eyathola isicelo sayo ngqo emnothweni.
U-Victor Emil Frankl: Izazi-Psychologists-ama-Australia eSayensi
Isazi sengqondo esaziwayo sase-Austria nesazi sokusebenza kwengqondo u- Victor Emil Frankl wazalelwa ngo-March 26, 1905 eVienna. Ezweni lakhe igama lakhe alihlanganiswa hhayi kuphela nge-psychology, kodwa futhi nefilosofi, kanye nokudalwa kwe-Third Vienna School of Psychotherapy. Imisebenzi ethandwa kunazo zonke yesayensi kaFrankl ihlanganisa umsebenzi othiwa "Umuntu ekufuneni incazelo." Amagama alo msebenzi waba isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwendlela entsha ye-psychotherapy ebizwa ngokuthi i-logotherapy. Le ndlela ihilela isifiso somuntu ukuze aqaphele injongo yakhe yokuphila ezweni elikhona langaphandle. I-Logotherapy ingenza ukuba khona komuntu kube nenjongo.
Boris Ananiev - ukuziqhenya kwengqondo yeSoviet
UBoris Gerasimovich Ananiev wazalwa ngo-1907 eVladikavkaz. U-Ananiev wayenesisusa esiphezulu ohlwini lwama-"psychologists odumile emhlabeni". Waba ngumsunguli wokuqala nohloniphekile wesikole sabanokholo kwengqondo eSt. Petersburg. Abafundi balesi sikole futhi, ngokufanayo, u-Ananiev yena ngokwakhe waba izazi zengqondo ezinjengo-A. Kovalev, B. Lomov nabanye abaningi.
KwakuseSt. Petersburg, endlini lapho uBoris Ananyev ehlala khona, ukuthi i-plaque yesikhumbuzo yafakwa ekuhlonipheni kwakhe.
U-Ernst Heinrich Weber - isazi sezengqondo esidumile sonyaka wonke
Umfowabo wesayensi yemvelo eyaziwayo uWilhelm Weber, isazi se-psychophysiologist yaseJalimane nesi-anatomist esithile sesikhathi esithile u-Ernst Heinrich Weber wazalelwa ngoJuni 24, 1795 eLeipzig, eJalimane. Lesi sazi sokusebenza kwengqondo sinomsebenzi omkhulu wesayensi ongenomzimba, ubuzwe kanye nemvelo. Okuthandwa kakhulu kulezi zinto zithinta ukutadisha kwezinzwa. Yonke imisebenzi ka-Weber yakha isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwengqondo ye-psychophysics kanye ne-psychology yokuhlola.
Hakob Pogosovich Nazarethan and Mass Psychology
Isazi esidumile saseRussia mayelana ne-anthropology yamasiko nokusebenza kwengqondo yokuziphatha okuningi uHakob Pogosovich Nazarethan wazalwa ngoMeyi 5, 1948 eBaku. UNazaretha ungumbhali wenani elikhulu lezincwadi ezitshela ngombono wokuthuthukiswa komphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isazi sezokwelapha saba umsunguli wezindinganiso mayelana ne-techno-humanitarian balance, efaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kwamasiko nokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe.
UVictor Ovcharenko, ukuziqhenya kwengqondo yeRussia
UViktor Ivanovich Ovcharenko wazalwa ngoFebhuwari 5, 1943 edolobheni laseMelekess, esifundeni sase-Ulyanovsk. U-Ovcharenko uyinhlangano evamile ekuthuthukiseni kwengqondo. Ku-akhawunti ye-Ovcharenko, inamba enkulu yeziqu zesayensi nokusebenza kanzima, okwenza isandla esikhulu ekuziphatheni kwengqondo, njengesayensi. Isihloko esiyinhloko somsebenzi ka-Ovcharenko kwakuwukutadisha kwengqondo yezenhlalo, kanye nezinkinga ezihlobene nobuntu nobuhlobo bomphakathi ngokujwayelekile.
Ngo-1996, isazi sezokwelapha sasihlongozwa, kusukela ekuboneni kwesayensi, ukubuyekezwa ngokokuqala ngqangi kwesikhala sonke somlando we-psychoanalysis waseRussia. Ngaphezu kwalokho konke okushiwo ngenhla, u-Ovcharenko wayevame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-psychologist engcono kunazo zonke, futhi imisebenzi yakhe edumile yanyatheliswa izikhathi eziningi kumaqoqo wesayensi awaziwa kakhulu ngaphesheya kweRussia.