Amaphoyisa atholakala
Ngoba umbala wesikhumba sethu uhlangabezana nezici eziningi: ubukhulu be-epidermis, ukukhululeka kwesikhumba, inombolo kanye nokusabalalisa kwemithwalo yegazi kanye nezingulube zesikhumba, okuyinhloko yawo i-melanin. Ikhiqizwa ngamaseli e-melanocyte kancane kancane ngenkuthalo - emnyama umthunzi wesikhumba. Ngezinye izikhathi ama-melanocytes akhiqiza amachashazi amakhulu namancane amnyama - ama-hyperpigmentation. Izindawo eziyizintandokazi ze "indawo yokuhlala" yendawo yobudala - ubuso, izandla kanye ne-decollete zone.
Ngokuvamile, ukuchithwa kwemithi kungumphumela wezinkinga zangaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, uma uqala ukususa izitshalo, kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi kungani isikhumba sikhiqiza ngokungenalutho, i-melanin eningi kakhulu. Izizathu ziningi. Izifo ze-gallbladder, isibindi nesisu somzimba, ukukhulelwa nezifo ezihlukahlukene ezithathelwanayo, izinkinga ku-gynecological sphere nokudla kwezizalo ezithile zokubeletha kwe-hormonal. Futhi, isikhumba sethu ngezinye izikhathi sigcwele amamaki acasulayo ngokuphendula izinqubo zezimonyo eziyithukuthelisa (uma izidakamizwa ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba zisetshenziselwa), ukukhathazeka (ukuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki, izijovo ezingaphansi kwegazi), ukunciphisa i-stratum corneum ye-epidermis (ephakathi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokubheka okungenasisekelo).
I-pigmentation yama-sun rays ivuliwe, futhi amabala ebusika. Ukulwa nabo ngezindlela zokwenza izimonyo zanamuhla kanye nama-bleaching agents.
Imithetho yokuphepha
I-cosmetology yanamuhla inikeza izindlela eziningi eziphumelelayo zokugaya ukugqothula: kokubili ngokusetshenziswa kwemishini ekhethekile (lasers), futhi izindlela ezincane kakhulu (ukukhishwa kwamakhemikhali). Kokubili ukuvuselela i-laser kanye nokukhishwa kwamakhemikhali - izinqubo ezinobudlova, isikhumba kusengaphambili, kungonakalisa kuphela, kwandise ukugqama, noma ngokuphambene (izindawo ezikhanyayo esikhumbeni). Ngakho-ke, amaviki amahlanu ngaphambi kokuqala kwenqubo, udinga ukusebenzisa ama-creams, afaka izinto ezivimbela ukususwa kwe-melanin: koyeva, i-azelaic acid, i-arbutin, kanye nama-antioxidant creams nama-bleaching agents okunakekelwa ekhaya. Ngokuvamile, ama-antibiotic kanye neziqhamo zevithamini A-retinoids zinomphumela. Akunqatshelwe ukwenza noma yiziphi izinyathelo zokugcoba ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-photosensitizer.
Umphumela we-chemistry
Emakhemikhali ahlolisisa izithelo ze-acids (amagilebhisi, ilamula, ubisi), kanye neyeyeva, i-almond, i-retinoids - ngenhloso yokukhipha uhlaka lwe-epidermis kanye ne-bleeding ye-pigmentation kuvame ukusetshenziswa.
Phakathi nale nqubo, ama-bleaching agent (kojic acid, arbutin) avimbela i-melanogenis nesikhumba. Lezi yizinto ezibonakalayo, ezenziwa yinkambo yezinqubo eziyishumi kanye ngesonto. Inkambo yokuhlunga ingcono ukuqhubeka ngesikhathi sekwindla nobusika. Ukulinganisa nokushisa kuyizinhlobo ezingathandeki zokuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali: izingxenye zawo ngokuvamile zibangelwa ukugula.
Emva kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, isikhumba siqala ukuqhuma kancane. Kufanele uzilungiselele ukuthi umphumela obonakalayo ngeke uvele ngokushesha, kodwa okungenani ngemuva kwezinqubo eziningana.
Ama-acids enza kanjani esikhumbeni sethu? Umphumela we-kojic acid ubonakala ngemva kweseshini yokuqala, kodwa ngokuvamile kubangelwa i-dermatitis ye-allergen, eyenzeka ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngakho-ke uma kukhishwa, kungcono ukuthatha i-antihistamine ngemuva kwenqubo (i-loratadine efanayo). Ukubheka ama-retinoids nakho kunikeza umphumela osheshayo, kodwa kungacasula isikhumba esibucayi. Ukuvuselelwa kwakhe kuzothatha izinsuku ezingu-5 kuya kwezingu-7. Izithelo kanye ne-almond edijithali igxilisa i-stratum corneum ngobumnene futhi kancane kancane, ngakho umphumela ubonakala ngemuva kwezinqubo eziyisishiyagalombili.
Esikoleni saseSoviet cosmetology esikhwameni esikhulu se-whitening agent kwakungu-hydroquinone.
Ibhonasi ebusweni
Labo abangadingi izinqubo ezinzima zokugcoba, ngokuvamile banelisekile ngesikhumba sabo, kodwa nje bafuna ukuthuthukisa ubuso babo, singaluleka lokhu okulandelayo. Khulisa kakhulu isikhumba, usebenzisa izimonyo nge-hyaluronic acid. I-Hyaluronic acid iyindawo engokwemvelo yesikhumba sethu.
Dlula emasilons of process massage. Zenza ukujikeleza kwegazi.
Sula ubuso bakho ngama-cubes e-ice.
Sebenzisa ama-creams ahlukene, ama-powders, ama-serum anezinhlayiya ezikhanyayo. Izimali ezinjalo ziyatholakala kusuka kuGuerlain, Clarins nezinye izinto.
Yidla vithamini C engeziwe nokudla okuqukethe: i-currant emnyama.
I-Hydroquinone inobuthi, kanti kakade ku-concentration ye-5% "ayibulali" kuphela ama-melanocytes, kodwa futhi namanye amangqamuzana esikhumba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinye izikhathi kubangela ukucasuka, ukungezwani komzimba, kanye nokuvutha kwesinye isikhathi, njengezifo zesifo. Sebenzisa izimo zasekhaya, eziqukethe i-hydroquinone, ingaba izinyanga ezimbili, emva kwalokho kufanele wenze ikhefu lezinyanga ezimbili.
Umsebenzi wokugaya
Indlela yesibili yokugcoba nokuphathwa kwe-hyperpigmentation - i-laser resurfacing - namuhla ibhekwa njengento efanele futhi ephumelelayo. Kuyiqiniso, kuthinta isikhumba kakhulu kunesihluku kunokuba i-chemical peeling. Isekelwe eqinisweni lokuthi ungqimba lwesikhumba sesikhumba lushiswa ngokushesha nge-laser. Incazelo yenqubo ekwenzeni i-ablation: i-laser beam ibangela amangqamuzana esikhumba (futhi ngokuyisisekelo ahlanganisa amanzi) "ukupheka". Empeleni, i-laser resurfacing i-dosed burn. Ngezinye izikhathi kubhekene nemiphumela emibi enjalo njengempilo ephakeme yokwanda noma, ngokuphambene, i-hypopigmentation. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-lasers. Ukuvuthwa kwe-erbium ne-carbon lasers kubangelwa ukususwa kwe-stratum corneum ye-epidermis, futhi ndawonye ukuqeda imibimbi emihle, izibazi ngemva kwe-acne.
I-laser erbium isusa isikhumba ngamamitha ayisihlanu. I-Carbon - engama-50, iyadabukisa kakhulu, ngakho-ke inqubo yenziwa kuphela ezimweni ezimilayo.
Ukugaya nge-lasers (selective) i-lasers ivikelekile kakhulu. Zenzelwe kuphela ukususwa kwe-pigmentation. Le ndlela isekelwe ekusebenzeni kwe-photothermolysis, okungukuthi, i-laser beam ibanjwe ngamangqamuzana anomkhiqizo we-melanin, oholela ekubhujisweni kwawo. Kulesi simo, amangqamuzana esikhumba anemibala evamile yokugqoka ahlale engaqondile.
I-lasers ekhethiwe , okungukuthi: i-ruby, i-alexandrite, i-neodymium, i-laster KTP-ivumela ukuguqulwa kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, izibazi eziboshiweyo, ama-freckles, izindawo zonyaka, njll, ukuze zisuswe ngosizo zezindlela ezinhle zokulwa namabala e-pigment ebusweni. ngokuvamile iphosa, bese iqeda ngamandla ngokweqile. Futhi endaweni yayo ibonakala isikhumba esincane.
Ngemuva kwezinqubo zokugcoba, ukunakekelwa kwekhaya kuyimpoqo. Okokuqala, kufanele usebenzise ukhilimu oswakanyiswayo nokuzivikela nge-SPF factor okungenani engu-15, ukhilimu wokuphulukisa kanye ne-serum equkethe i-hyaluronic acid, kanye ne-bleaching nama-soothing agents. Imigqa ehloniphekile yokucweba uCristina (Israel), uJanssen Cosmeceutical Care (eJalimane), i-Laboratoires Filorga (eFrance), i-Natura Bisse (eSpain) izobe iphelele. Okwesibili, ungayinaki nokugcoba izithako zokugcoba kwe-herbal: okukhishwa kwamaphephabhilikhi ne-licorice, i-aloesin. Futhi-ke, ubhekene nama-masks - ngobumba obumhlophe, i-protein mask enejamu lemon, amaprotheni kanye nekhukhamba.