Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu bebelokhu befuna izindlela zokugcina ukudla okuhlukahlukene ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa umsoco wabo. Emazweni ahlukene, ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene zezulu kanye nezici zokudla okunomsoco, izindlela isitoreji sesikhathi eside, esiphumelele kunazo zonke esasibhekwa njengeqhwa. ERussia yasendulo, ngenhloso yalokhu, bafunde ukusebenzisa izithiyo zeqhwa ezachithwa ebusika emifuleni noma amaslayidi agcwele izikhukhula futhi zenziwa zibe yizicabha ezijulile. Leli qhwa alizange lincibilike ngisho nasehlobo, likhonza njengehlobo lokuqhamuka kwesiqandisini sesimanje.
Njengamanje, ukulondolozwa kwemikhiqizo ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuqandisa esetshenziswe kabanzi kuwo wonke umhlaba . Futhi hhayi kuphela ngenhloso yokugcina isikhathi eside, kodwa futhi nokushintsha isimo sabo lapho kulungiswa ukucubungula, ukuhlukanisa uketshezi oludlulele, kanye nalapho udala imikhiqizo, ukugcina ukunambitheka kanye nekhwalithi okudingeka ngayo iqhwa - ice cream, isibonelo.
Okuyinhloko yenkambiso yokuqhwala kuwukunciphisa izinga lokushisa ngaphansi kwe-cryoscopic, lapho amanzi aqukethwe khona emikhiqizweni efriziwe, ephenduka iqhwa. Yiqiniso, ngenxa yokuthi umehluko ekubunjweni nasekuhambeni kokudla okuhlukene, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezindlela nezinqubo zokuqandisa. Izindlela ezithandwayo kakhulu futhi ezisetshenzisiwe ziyabonakala, lapho kukhishwa khona imikhiqizo engabizi nezindleko eziphezulu kakhulu - izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ezweni lanamuhla, ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile buye kwasungulwa okuvumela ukugcinwa okuphelele kwezinto eziwusizo namavithamini aqukethe imikhiqizo ehambisana nokuqhwala. Ngakho-ke, inqubo yokuqothula umkhiqizo othize ithatha isikhathi esithile, ngoba inyama, inhlanzi, izilwane zasolwandle, amajikijolo, imifino, amakhowe, imikhiqizo emibili isabela ngokuhlukile ekunciphiseni izinga lokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi senqubo yokuqhwala sithinteka ukuphakama kwephakheji. Umkhiqizo usungulwe kahle uma usendaweni yayo izinga lokushisa liwehla ku--6 degrees Celsius.
Ukuqeda imikhiqizo namuhla, izindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswayo : ukushisa emoyeni nokusetshenziswa kweziqandisisi. Indlela yokuqala iyindlela yokumangalisa eminyaka engu-70 ubudala. Inzuzo eyinhloko yukuthi asikho isidingo sama-preservatives, futhi ngenxa yejubane elikhulu lokushisa iqhwa ukuvumelana nokunambitheka kwemikhiqizo eqhwayo cishe akufani nezezinhlanzi. Ubuchwepheshe bokuqothulwa kwesibindi buphinde busetshenziswe ngempumelelo ekulungiseleleni izitsha ezenziwe ngomumo, okuyinto, ngaphambi kokukhonza, idinga ukushisa kuphela kuhhavini ye-microwave.
Izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi zokugcoba nazo zisetshenziselwa ukushisa okusheshayo kwemikhiqizo ngokuvumelana ngokucophelela, ekusetshenzisweni umshini ongeke uvunyelwe - izinhlanzi zasolwandle, imikhiqizo ephelelwe yisikhathi kusukela emifino ehlutshiwe, izinhlanzi zezinhlanzi, amajikijolo nezithelo. Ngalendlela yokuqhwaza, imikhiqizo yekhwalithi iyatholakala kumafrijifriji okushintshashintsha. Imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali kanye namapelisi - amadala, i-pastas, i-ayisikhili - ifriziwe kwamanye amadivaysi akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi abahlukumezi.
Indlela esebenzisa ama-coolants kuhlanganisa ukukhanda kwama-cryogenic, lapho imikhiqizo, ngokuxhumana ngqo, izinto eziphephile ze-inert eziphephile. Kudinga futhi olunzulu indlela yokunciphisa izindleko, indlela yokupholisa ehlangene isetshenziswa: okokuqala ngosizo lwezinto ezi-cryogenic, bese kuthi ngomoya obandayo. Isibonelo semishini enjalo singasebenza njengesiqandisini esineqhwa esekelwe i-nitrogen.
Ukuqhubekela phambili kwesayensi okusheshayo unyaka ngamunye kunezela izindlela ezisetshenzisiwe kakade zokugcoba okuthile okusha, ukuthuthukisa inqubo ngokwayo kanye nezindlela zokuyiqhuba ukuze kukhuliswe inani kanye nokudla okunomsoco wokudla okufriziwe. Futhi ngolunye usuku, kuyotholakala indlela edidiyelwe edidiyelwe , isicelo sokuthi kuzogcina sigcine umkhawulo phakathi kwemikhiqizo emisha kanye nalabo ababhekene nesithwathwa.