I-Autism yisifo esingenzeka ezinganeni zisencane kakhulu. Abazali abaningi bayabona ukuthi lesi sifo sifinyelela cishe njengesigwebo. Kodwa-ke, kubantwana abane-autism, kunezinhlelo ezikhethekile zokuqeqesha ezisiza kancane kancane zibe ngabantu abagcwele emphakathini njengabanye babo ontanga.
Ukuqeqeshwa okujwayelekile
Manje sizokhuluma kancane mayelana nezindlela zokufundisa izingane nge-autism. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ingane ene-autism ivame ukubhekana nezinkinga nge-generalization. Lokhu kungukuthi, uma mina kanye nami singakwazi ukuthola iziphetho ngokufingqa lokho esikubonayo nokuzwa, ingane ene autism kufanele ichaze ngokuqondile ukuthi yini okudingeka iyenze ukuze ifeze umgomo othile. Ukuze ufundise izingane nge-autism, udinga ukusebenzisa le nqubo "Ukusebenzisana kokukhiqiza."
Iyini isisekelo sale nqubo? Kungukuthi ingane ayilahleki ezimweni ezizenzekelayo. Lokhu-ke, kuyadingeka ukumqeqesha ukuba aqonde imiyalo eyinkimbinkimbi ukuze kamuva aqonde izincazelo zakho futhi enze ngokushesha izenzo ezidingekayo. Ngokuhambisana nale ndlela, kufanele ukwazi ukucabanga ngezimo kusengaphambili bese uwachazela ingane. Isibonelo, uma wazi ukuthi ufuna ukuthatha ithoyizi, kodwa angazi ukuthi liphi, ngokushesha utshele ingane lokhu okulandelayo: "Uma ufuna ukudlala, kufanele (isibonelo) uvule ibhokisi lesibili bese uthola amathoyizi avela lapho."
Futhi, izingane zidinga ukuchaza ngokushesha yonke imidlalo. Abantu abanegunya kumele baqonde kahle ukuthi bangayithola kanjani umphumela nokuthi kuyini umgomo omkhulu. Isibonelo, uma ingane encane iphoqa amapuzzli, mtshele ngokushesha: "Umdlalo uzoqedwa uma ugoqa zonke izingcezu esithombeni." Kulokhu, uzoqonda ukuthi yini edingekayo kuye futhi aqale ukwenza imisebenzi.
Ukufundisa ukugxila
Izingane eziningi ezinezifo zikwazi ukugxila. Kulesi simo, izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene ezisebenza kahle kakhulu. Zingaba kokubili ezibukwayo nezisho. Kumelwe 'unike' ingane isethi yezibonakaliso, ukukhumbula ukuthi yikuphi, uzosheshe ahambe ngesimo futhi angalokothi adideke.
Ukuze ufunde ukukhiqiza ngokujwayelekile ukuthuthukisa ukusabela okumelwe kube khona esimweni esisha lapho umntwana engakulungele khona. Kalula nje, uma umchazela njalo ukuthi yini okudingeka ukwenze ukuze uthole umphumela oyifunayo, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-kid ngokwakhe izofunda ukuthi ingawufeza kanjani.
Amasu okufunda okujwayelekile
Ngakho-ke sizoqhubeka sitshele ukuthi yimaphi amasu okusho ukuthi ukufundela ukukhiqiza.
Okokuqala, kuyincazelo yezimo zangaphambilini, ngokusungula kancane kancane izimpawu eziphazamisayo, okungenzeka ingane ihlangabezane nayo emvelweni. Okokuthi, uma ekuqaleni usho ngokucacile lokho okudingeka ukwenze ngokuqondile, khona-ke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uchaze, unikeze izimo lapho kuvele khona okungalindelekile ingane.
Futhi, le nqubo ihilela ukukhetha izici ezingase zilandele izimo nokushintsha kwazo kancane kancane, njengoba kwenza empilweni yangempela.
Incazelo yemiphumela engenzeka noma yiziphi izimo. Ekuqaleni, zidalwe ngokuhlakanipha, bese ziphenduka zibe zendalo. Lokhu kungukuthi, uma ekuqaleni ungatshela ingane ukuthi uma engayilaleli, kukhona okungeke kwenzeke kuyokwenzeka, bese ekugcineni ungamtshela ukuthi ukuziphatha okubi kuholela ekujezisweni kwangempela.
Imiphumela engenzeka kungenzeka ukuthi isondelene nakakhulu nalokho okusemvelo. Ukwenza lokhu, udinga ukwandisa kancane kancane isikhathi sokusebenzisa noma ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zemiphumela. Ngakho-ke, ingane izohamba ngaphezu kwesimo esisodwa futhi ifunde ukubona ukuhlukahluka kwemicimbi ehlukahlukene nemiphumela.
Futhi into yokugcina ukukhumbula ukudala izimo ezikhethekile endaweni engokwemvelo ezokhuthaza ingane ukuba ivuselele futhi ikhuthaze lesi senzo.