Ezinganeni ezingalindelekile ngokwengqondo, ukuthuthukiswa okuvamile kwezinqubo ezingqondweni, kuphazamiseka, ukucabanga kwabo, inkumbulo, ukucabanga okunengqondo, inkulumo, nokunye okuqhubekayo. Izingane ezinjalo zibhekene nobunzima bokuzivumelanisa nabantu, ukwakha izintshisekelo. Eziningi zazo ziphazanyiswa ukuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba, kunenkinga ekukhulumeni, imoto ye-motility, izinguquko zangaphandle zingase zenzeke, isibonelo, ukuma kwe-skull, ubukhulu bezitho zingashintsha ngendlela ethile.
Ukuphuza kwengqondo kuhlukaniswe ngama-3 degrees: ukuhamba (ukubuyela emuva okungacacile), ukungabi namandla (ukuhlanekela okujulile), idiocy (ukubuyela emuva okukhulu). Kukhona okunye ukuhlukaniswa kwengqondo: izinga eliphansi (i-IQ ngaphansi kuka-70), izinga elilinganiselwe (i-IQ elingaphansi kwama-50), izinga elibi (i-IQ ngaphansi kuka-35), ibanga elijulile (i-IQ ngaphansi kuka-20).
Ukuqala ngengane ekhulelwe ngokwengqondo kuyadingeka kusukela esemncane. Izingane ezinjalo zinesithakazelo esincane ezweni lomgomo, ngoba isikhathi eside isikhathi eside sifuna ukwazi, ingane ingacabangi ithoyizi, ayidlale nayo, njalonjalo. Lapha, ukulungiswa okunenjongo kudingekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane ikwazi ukuqonda amafomu afanele okuziphatha, imisebenzi, izici zengane. Ukucabanga, ukuqonda kwezwe elizungeze izingane ezinokuphuza kwengqondo kukhona ezingeni eliphansi, uma ungahlangabezane nalezi zingane.
Uma siqala ukuthuthukiswa kwengane yasenkulisa engalindelekile ngengqondo esivunguvungu, khona-ke uyolahlekelwa ikhono lokuxhumana nabantu, ikhono lomsebenzi ozimisele. Uma ingane ingenakho ukuxhumana okwanele nabangane bakhe nabantu abadala, ayidlala imidlalo nezingane noma iqhaza kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi, iyoba nomthelela omubi ekuzivumelaneni komphakathi, ukuthuthukiswa kokucabanga, inkumbulo, ukuziqaphela, ukucabanga, inkulumo, intando kanye njalo njalo. Ngendlela efanele enhlanganweni yokukhulisa nokufundisa, kungenzeka ukulungisa ukuphazanyiswa ekuthuthukiseni izinqubo nezinkulumo zokucabanga.
Ungakwazi ukufeza imiphumela ehlukene uma ufundisa ingane yengane enokuphuza kwengqondo, kuye ngokuthi izinga lokubuyela emuva. Izingane ezinesilinganiso esiphakathi nesibindi sokuphuza kwengqondo (ukungabi namakhono, idiocy) yizingane ezikhubazekile. Bathola impesheni futhi kufanele babe nomlondolozi noma babe nezikhungo ezikhethekile ekuvikelekeni komphakathi. Akubona bonke abazali abangabhekana nalesi usizi esibi kangaka, ngakho kufanele bathole ukusekelwa kwengqondo nokucwaninga kwe-psychotherapeutic.
Izingane ezinokuphuza kwengqondo okuncane (ukuhluleka) zinenkinga yohlobo oluhlukile. Enye yezinkinga eziyinhloko yikhono lokufunda eliyinkimbinkimbi yezingane ohlelweni lwesikole semfundo jikelele. Futhi ukufundisa ingane esikoleni esisizayo (isikole sokuqondisa izigwegwe) kuyisinyathelo esinzima kubazali.
Ezweni ngalinye, izindlela kanye nendawo yemfundo yabantwana abanokukhubazeka kwengqondo kuhluke ngezindlela ezahlukene. Kuze kube maduzane, ezweni lakithi, izingane ezilahlwa ngokwengqondo zaqeqeshwa kaningi ezikoleni ezisizayo. Kodwa maduzane, abazali baqhubeka bezinikela lezi zikole ezikoleni ezivamile, baze banganaki isiphetho sekhomishini. Ngokusho komthetho, izingane ezinokuphuza kwengqondo kufanele zihlolwe ikomidi lezokwelapha nezokufundisa, elikhetha ukuthi liyakwazi yini ukufunda esikoleni esijwayelekile noma enkulisa.
Ezikoleni zokuqondisa izigwegwe, izingane ziza kuphela ngemvume yabazali bazo, kodwa njengoba sekushiwo kakade, kunzima ukuthi abazali bathathe lesi sinyathelo, futhi banike ingane esikoleni esivamile. Kwezinye izikole zamasonto kukhona amakilasi okulungiswa kwezingane ezinezikhathi ezingqondweni, kanti kwezinye izikole ezizimele nazo izingane ezilahlwa ngokwengqondo ziqeqeshiwe. Inkinga enkulu yi-adaptation evamile yezenhlalakahle kanye nemfundo yezingane ezinamazinga amancane okubuyela emuva. Kodwa uma ingane ivumelanisa kahle futhi isizwa ukuba ifunde, ngakho-ke, uma ikhula, ingaba yilungu eligcwele lomphakathi: thola umsebenzi, bese uqala umndeni nezingane. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi laba bantwana nabazali babo baxoxisane njalo nabachwepheshe.
Akuzona zonke izingane ezikhungethwe ngokwengqondo ezikwazi ukutadisha ezikoleni ezivamile, ngoba ngokuvamile lezi zingane nazo zinama-pathologies ahlukene. Kodwa kunezingane ezingenakukwazi ukutshela ngokushesha ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwazo kuphelela emuva, okuyinto, nakuba kunzima, ingakwazi ukunqoba imfundo esikoleni esijwayelekile. Nokho, esikoleni ingane enjalo idinga umuntu (umfundisi), ngubani ozohamba naye eklasini, ukusiza ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Ingane ekhubazekile ngokwengqondo ingaqeqeshwa esikoleni samasonto amaningi, kodwa lokhu kudinga izimo ezifanele kanye ne-confluence emihle yezimo. Esikoleni kufanele kube namakilasi amancane, futhi, nakanjani, esikhungweni semfundo kumele kube ne-defectologist kanye nengqondo.
Kodwa konke okufanayo, ukuqeqeshwa okuhlanganyelwe kwezingane ezinempilo nangokwengqondo kunenkinga engokwengqondo kulokhu okugcina. Uma ingane ekhubazekile ngengqondo enomfundisi noma ngaphandle kokufunda othisha ekilasini, uthisha, ekugcineni, angachazela izingane eziningi ukuthi ziziphatha kanjani nokuthi zingabe zingaphatha kanjani ingane, kodwa kungenzeka kube khona abafundi abaningana abazokhohlisa futhi becasule ingane enokuphuza kwengqondo. Ezikoleni, izinga eliphezulu lokuhlukumezeka, izingane zivame ukuhlukumezeka, futhi ingane enokukhubazeka kwengqondo kaningi ayikwazi ukwenza sengathi iyingozi kakhulu. Esikoleni esivamile, le ngane ingase ivalwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane engalindelekile ngokwengqondo izothola kunzima kakhulu ukuqonda izici ze-physics, izibalo nezilimi zakwamanye amazwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ingane enjalo iwela esikoleni esivamile futhi ibe ekilasini elivamile, isikole ngeke sihlolisise ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso ze-USE, kodwa ngokwezindinganiso zokufakazela izingane ezilahlekelwe ngokwengqondo. Ngakho-ke, indlela engcono kakhulu yokufundisa ingane enokukhubazeka kwengqondo esikoleni evamile iyisigaba esikhethekile sokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe. Kodwa, ngeshwa, izikole eziningi zenqaba ukwakha amakilasi anjalo.
Kuze kube manje, izingane ezinokukhubazeka kwengqondo ngokuvamile ziqeqeshwe ezikoleni ezikhethekile zokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe, ngoba okwamanje asikho indawo ehloniphekile yezikole ezinjalo. Manje uyazi konke mayelana nemfundo nokukhuliswa kwengane enokukhubazeka kwengqondo esikoleni.