Indlela yokusingatha ingane enjalo?
Okokuqala, kusukela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa (futhi mhlawumbe ngaphambi kwalo), qala ukuxhumana nengane. Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila, izingane ezikhulile zidinga ukuphumula okukhethekile, ngakho odokotela bazama ukunciphisa inombolo nesikhathi sokuvakashelwa. Kodwa-ke, uzovunyelwa ukubukela ingane ngokusebenzisa izindonga zeglasi zesigceme: uma umntwana efakwa kuvez, ukunyakaza kwakhe kubonakala ngokucacile. Qaphela ukuthi uyasabela kanjani ekuthinteni kwabahlengikazi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzama ukugubha iminwe yakhe.
Ngemva kwesikhashana uzovunyelwa ukuthatha umntwana ezandleni zakho, ukondla kanye ne-swaddle. Izinsana ezisenesikhathi sokuqala phakathi kwamasonto okuqala okuphila zidinga ukuxhumana okuqinile nomama wazo ukuze kuphele "ukuqedwa" okuphelele okuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine. Ngokusho kocwaningo, imizwa ehlukene kakhulu futhi ecebile iyoba phakathi komntwana osanda kuzalwa nomama, ngokushesha ingane izokhula, ithole isisindo futhi ikhule ngokwengqondo.
Ngisho noma umntwana osanda kuvuka angase abone futhi azwe kangcono kakhulu kunalokho esikucabangayo. Yingakho kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona ukusabela ezenzweni zakho, khuluma nengane ngangokunokwenzeka, umtshele inganekwane, uhlabelele izingoma, umshaye emaceleni nasemilenzeni. Izingane zingase zihlale ziqala ukungaboni kahle ukukhulumisana okunjalo kuze kufike amasonto ama-3-5 (futhi isengakafiki isikhathi eside nakakhulu), noma kunjalo kungenzeka ukuba aqonde okuningi futhi athole izinto ezibonakalayo. Ingane imane nje isenamandla kakhulu ukuze isabele ngokwengeziwe. Uma nje ubona impendulo yokuqala (izithombe, ukuxhumana kwamehlo), siza ingane ukuba izwe ukuthi izenzo zakhe ziyakuthanda.
Ungakwazi ukufaka i-rattle egqamile esikhumbeni sakho noma ukuvusa, ukufaka amasokisi ombala wezingane zakho, masilalele ukuqoshwa kwezwi lamalungu omndeni wakhe noma umculo omnandi. Kubonakala ukuthi ngale ndlela izingane zikwazi ukufunda ukuhlukanisa imibala yezinto, ukulinganisa nokukhala komsindo, nokugcwala nokugqama kwemibono kuvuselela ukuthuthukiswa kwengqondo kwengqondo. Kodwa khumbula: akuyona yonke into ekhuthazayo ewusizo. Isibonelo, akudingeki ukuthi usebenzise amafutha namanzi angasese ngaphambi kokuya esibhedlela. Ezinye iphunga zivame ukucasula izingane, zibangele injabulo yokwesaba nokwelapha.
Qala ukugcina idayari bese uthatha izithombe. Ungaqala ukurekhoda ukuziphatha kwengane cishe ngosuku olulandelayo ngemuva kokubeletha. Idayari elinjalo lokuthuthukiswa kwentuthuko ibalulekile kakhulu - lisiza wonke amalungu omndeni ukuba azi kahle isimo somntwana ngisho nangaphambi kokuba akhiphe futhi alungiselele kusengaphambili ukubonakala kwakhe endlini. Akudingeki ushiye idayari esikhathini esizayo. Inhloso yalo akuyona nje kuphela ukuba ibe ngumndeni we-heirloom ngemuva kwalokho. Uma ingane ngokuzumayo inenkinga ekuziphatheni noma ekufundeni, umlando oqoshiwe wezokuthuthukiswa kwakhe okuqala uzohlinzeka ngolwazi lwabachwepheshe, kusize embonweni ocacile wesimo. Ungacela udokotela ngenkathi uhlala esibhedlela ukuze urekhode amavidiyo noma izithombe zengane (kufanele udubule ngaphandle kwe-flash kuphela). Wonke amanye amalungu omndeni nawo azoba nesithakazelo futhi asebenzise ukwazi ingane kusengaphambili.
Kuphi okujwayelekile, futhi kuphi ukuphambuka?
Khumbula ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwengane njalo kuyedwa. Into esemqoka kumama nobaba kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izingane zabo zikhula ngendlela evamile. Ngokwenza njalo, kaningi asiqapheli ukuthi incazelo yesimiso isetshenzisiwe kulowo nalowo kithi. Abanye abazali banakekele, okokuqala, izinga eliphakeme lokuqonda, abanye - mayelana nokuphumelela ngokomzimba kwengane, owesithathu uyavuma ukuthi ingane yakhe "yafunda okungenani ezintathu".
Izazi zengqondo zisebenza nabantwana abengakazalwa, sebenzisa izindlela ezimbili ezijwayelekile:
iqoqo elikhona lezimoto ezidingekayo, inkulumo kanye namageyimu nokuvumelanisa kwengane (ikhono lokwenza izinqumo nokuhamba ezimweni zokuphila). Esikhathini sokuqala, ukuhlolwa kwenziwa yalokho ingane efunde ukukwenza, kanti okwesibini ihlola ukuthi (kanjani ngendlela efanele futhi ngokushesha) yenza lokho.
Ngezinye izikhathi abazali benza iphutha lokuqhathanisa "impumelelo" yengane yabo ngezindinganiso zezingane ezizalwa ngesikhathi. Ukuqhathanisa okunjalo kuyamukeleka ngokusemthethweni, noma kunjalo, phakathi nezinyanga zokuqala ezingu-5-7, usadinga ukwenza isaphulelo. Uma, isibonelo, umntwana wazalwa eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ubudala, futhi manje sekuyizinyanga ezintathu ubudala, kuzoba ngcono kakhulu ukugxila ezinkomba zomntwana oneminyaka emibili ubudala.
Ungaphuthelwa uchungechunge lwezimpawu zokukhathazeka! Ungethuki uma umntwana ngokuzumayo eba yintandokazi noma engaphezu kwesimo esijwayelekile - ngakho ingane engakafiki ingakwazi ukusabela ngisho nasezinguquko zesimo sezulu. Noma kunjalo, izimpawu zomuntu ngamunye zingase zibe yingozi kakhulu:
- ukungabikho kwempendulo isikhathi eside ngaphansi kombono ovamile emntwaneni okhulile kunezinyanga ezimbili;
- ukutholakala kokubuhlungu okuthinta ukuthinta (ukunyakaza okucindezelayo, ukukhala, ukumemeza), emehlweni noma izwi lamalungu omndeni omdala emva kwezinyanga ezimbili.
Ngezinye izikhathi abazali bazinaki izimo ezinjalo, ikakhulukazi uma ingane isenempilo embi. Ngesikhathi sokugula ingane engakafiki ingase iphathe ngendlela engafaneleki. Noma kunjalo, ngokuvamile lokhu kubonisa isimo sengqondo esikhethekile, esenzeke kwezinye izingane ezingakabiphi isikhathi - i-autism yengane (ukuhlukaniswa kwengqondo kusuka ezweni langaphandle).
Kanjani kahle ukuxhumana nodokotela?
Unganqikazi ukubuza imibuzo. Ngokwezifundo zamuva, u-half of the mothers, umlando wokugula kwengane yabo ihlathi elimnyama, kanti omunye u-20% umane akazami ukuqonda ukwakhiwa kwemigomo yezokwelapha futhi akadingi ukuthi ochwepheshe bechaze. Khumbula: unelungelo lokuthola ulwazi olugcwele mayelana nempilo yengane, mayelana naluphi usizo ayidingayo, yikuphi ukubikezela kwentuthuko yakhe. Udokotela ubophezelekile ukukuchazela konke lokhu kufomu lokufinyeleleka, ukuphendula noma yimiphi imibuzo.
Ungaba nesithakazelo hhayi kuphela emzimbeni, kodwa futhi nasemqondweni wengane. Ngezinye izikhathi ukungaqali komzimba kuphazamisa umsebenzi wengqondo. Uma ngabe ingane yakho isivele isixilongo esiqinisekisiwe, buza mayelana nemvelo nezimbangela zalesi simo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yiyiphi ingxenye yobuchopho obhekene nalesi sifo.