Ngomqondo wezwe, ukwethuka ukwesaba, ukudideka, ngokungazelelwe kufaka umuntu noma ngaso leso sikhathi abantu abaningi futhi benze ngokungazami ukugwema ingozi. Esikhathini sokuhlukaniswa kwezifo zamazwe ngamazwe, ukuhlaselwa kwesibindi (isiqephu, ukukhathazeka ngokweqile) yisiqephu esihlukile, esingalindelekile esingenasici sokukhathazeka okukhulu, ukukhathazeka okukhulu noma ukwesaba, okuhambisana nokunye okungenani kwezimpawu ezilandelayo:
• i-palpitation ephawulwe (inhliziyo iphuma ngamandla esifubeni);
Ukushaya;
• ukuthuthumela;
• umuzwa wokuzizwa noma ukungabi nomoya;
• ukuzwa ukuxilonga;
• ubuhlungu esifubeni;
• ukuzwa okungathandeki esiswini;
• isizungu;
• ukuzwa kwe-numbness noma ukubetha;
• ukubhoboza noma ukuxosha igazi ebusweni;
• umqondo wokungabi khona kwezinto ezizungezile noma ukuzihlukanisa ngokwakho ("izandla zaba njengabafokazi");
• ukwesaba ukulahlekelwa ukuzithiba noma ukulahlekelwa yingqondo yakho;
• ukwesaba ukufa.
Lezi zimpawu zikhula ngokushesha, ngokungalindelekile futhi zifinyelele phezulu emaminithini angu-10, kancane kancane zanda ngaphakathi kwehora. Enye ye-panic attack is hhayi isifo. Abaningi kakhulu empilweni yabo bahlangabezana okungenani ukuhlaselwa okukodwa kokushaywa ngokumelene nesizinda sempilo jikelele. Kodwa uma isibalo sokuhlaselwa kwesibindi sifinyelela emine ngenyanga, ungakhuluma ngesifo bese uthola ukuxilongwa "kokuphazamiseka kwesifo".
Ngokokuqala ngqá ukuxilongwa okunjalo ezweni lethu kwaqala ukukhuluma ngengqondo yesifo sengqondo kanye ne-psychotherapists ngo-1993-1994, lapho beqala ukucabangela ukuhlangenwe nakho kwabo nokwamanye amazwe. Ngenkambo eqhubekela phambili yokuphazamiseka kwesifo, ungakwazi ukubona izimo ngokulandelana.
Isiteji sokuqala siyingozi kakhulu, lapho isiqephu sokwesaba kuhambisana nezimpawu ezingaphansi kwezine kusukela ngenhla.
Esikhathini sesibili, izimpawu zivela, okuthiwa i-agoraphobia (kusukela e-Greek agora - indawo enkulu emakethe). U-Agoraphobia ukwesaba lezo zindawo noma izimo lapho sekuvele khona ukuhlaselwa kwesibindi (endaweni yaseshashalazini, ebhasi eligcwele, ukushayela imoto, endaweni engenalutho, ngisho nasendlini yakho). Ukwesaba ukubuyela esimweni esibucayi kakhulu, lapho kungenakwenzeka ukuthola usizo kumuntu.
Isigaba sesithathu - hypochondria. Umuntu wesaba ukuthi ukuhlaselwa kwesibindi kuzophindaphinda (lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukulindela ukukhathazeka), uqala ukucinga isizathu sokuhlaselwa kwesibindi futhi kuqala kokuthola umuthi. Ukuhlolwa okude futhi okungajwayelekile okuqala kungenwa ochwepheshe abahlukene: izazi ze-cardiologists, izazi zezinzwa, ama-otolaryngologists. Kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuxilonga: i-dystonia yemifino yegazi noma i-neuro-circular dystonia, i-paroxysmal tachycardia, i-valve mitral, i-valve, i-valve syndrome, i-premenstrual syndrome, njll. Ukuhlolwa kungadlulela iminyaka, ukwelashwa okunqunyiwe akusebenzi, futhi isifo somzimba asitholakali. Le ndoda iphelile, imithi nodokotela bayamdumaza. Uqala ukucabanga ukuthi ugula ngesifo esithile esingajwayelekile futhi esibi kakhulu.
Isiteji se-4 - ukugwema ukupheka kwe-phobic. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, ukuhlasela okumbalwa kokuqala komuntu kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Amandla aphikisayo ahambisana nesiguli amenza afune insindiso, abize i-ambulensi, aye emakamelweni okuthola izibhedlela eziseduze.
Uma ukuhlukunyezwa kubuyele, ukukhathazeka kuyaqhubeka, lapho kuphela ukulindela ukuhlasela okusha kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuphila nokuhlanganyela emisebenzini yansuku zonke. Umuntu uxhuma ukuthi kwenzeke ukwesaba ngezinye izimo (ukuhlala esixukwini lapho uvakashela isitolo, uhamba esitimeleni, endaweni yokulinda, ulinde ukuqhuma komgwaqo) futhi uzama ukuwagwema (uhamba ngezinyawo, uchitheka ngetekisi, kungavamile ukuya esitolo).
Isigaba sesi-5 yisigwegwe esikhulu sokuphinda. Uma isiguli namanje singakafiki kumtholampilo futhi singatholi usizo oludingekayo, siba sibi nakakhulu, ukuziphatha kwakhe kubonakala sengathi kubanjwe ngokuzithandela ekhaya. Akunakwenzeka ukuya esitolo uqobo, ufike emsebenzini, uhambe inja, udinga ukusekelwa njalo amalungu omndeni. Ukwesaba okukhulu kunqanda impilo yonke indlela, umuntu uba engenasici, ecindezelwe, ecindezelekile.
Lesi yisigaba sesi-6 - ukucindezeleka kwesibili.
Ukusabalalisa kwesifo se-panic, ngokusho kwezilinganiso ezihlukahlukene, kufinyelela ku-3.5% yabantu abadala. Lesi sifo siqala, ngokuvamile kufike eminyakeni engama-30, ngokuvamile ekukhuleni, nakuba ezinye zikhula esikhathini esizayo. Abesifazane bahlushwa izikhathi ezingu-2-3 kaningi kunamadoda. Kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi emindenini yeziguli ezinenkinga yokuphazamiseka lesi sifo kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezingu-3-6 kaningi. Uma umama ehlupheka, kamuva ingane yakhe inethuba elingcono lokugula.
Njengesizathu sokuphazamiseka kwesifo, izici zofuzo, kanye namakhono okuphendula okukhathazayo atholakele, futhi ukuhlanganiswa kokubili kubhekwa. Kunemibandela nezifo eziningi ezingabangela into efana nokuhlaselwa kwe-panic, kodwa lokhu akuyona inkinga yokuphazamiseka. Ukuthatha ikhofi eningi, i-psychostimulants (i-amphetamine, i-cocaine), izidakamizwa nokuphuza utshwala ngokuvamile kubangela izimpawu zokwethuka.
Manje wazi okuningi mayelana nokuhlaselwa kwesibindi, izimpawu, ukubonakaliswa - indlela yokuphatha, noma kunjalo, lochwepheshe kufanele anqume. Ngokusobala udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ukubaluleka kokujwayelekile kwabantu kubaluleke kangakanani ukuthi umuntu ohluphekayo akahlupheki iminyaka, ngenkathi evimbela amakhabhinethi e-polyclinic, futhi ngaphandle kokwesaba nokuhlazeka kwaphendukela kudokotela-psychotherapist ukuthola iseluleko.
I-psychotherapist, eqeqeshwe ngendlela yokungenelela ekuxilongweni kwe-panic disorder, iyakwazi ukusungula ukuxilongwa okuvumelekile ngesikhathi, ukunikeza ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokugula, nokunciphisa ubukhulu bezimpawu.
Ungaphinda ubonise umbono wefilosofi nengqondo we-panic disorder: lesi sifo siwumphumela womfanekiso othile noma indlela yokuphila yomuntu. Lesi isignali sokuthi uhlala engalungile, into engenzi kanjalo.
Ngokwemvelo, ukuphila kwanoma yikuphi kithi kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziningana. Mayelana nomzimba womzimba kuthiwe futhi kubhaliwe okuningi, ungakhumbula kuphela ukuthi umzimba wethu udinga okunempilo efanele, ngokuzikhandla ngokomzimba, esimweni sengqondo sokukhathalela, ngokuphumula nokukhathalela. Ingqondo yengqondo (noma eyakhe) ihlanganisa umndeni, umkhathi kuwo, izici zobungane nabathandekayo.
Abantu abahlaselwa ukuthuthumela, kuyasiza ukwazi imithetho eminingana yokuziphatha ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa:
• hlala lapho ukhona; ukuhlaselwa akusongeli impilo futhi kunoma yikuphi okwenzekayo kuzodlula imizuzu engu-10-20, ukungabi nalutho ngokweqile nokuphonsa phansi isimo sezempilo;
• Ukuphefumula ngokuhamba kancane ngangokunokwenzeka, ngezikhathi ezithile (kuze kufinyelele ku-10 ukuphefumula ngomzuzu); Ukuphefumula okusheshayo kwandisa ukukhathazeka;
• Abantu abakuzungezile kufanele bagweme ukuxabana, bavumele ngokuthula ukuthi umuntu athole isigqi esincane sokuphefumula;
• Nakuba ukuphazamiseka kwesifo kuyisifo, ngesikhathi sokulwa nobugebengu umuntu akhululwa umthwalo wempumelelo empilweni yakhe, emsebenzini, ekusebenzeni kwemisebenzi yansuku zonke.