Ukulinda umntwana njalo kuyilingo lomzimba wesifazane ukuze uthole amandla, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa kwabomama abalindelekile kuneminyaka engama-30-35. Kodwa kunezimo lapho "isikhundla esithakazelisayo" sesikhathi "umama" kudinga ukulawula ngokucophelela ngokukhethekile. Yini okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokukhulelwa emva kwesikhathi emva kweVIV kanye nokukhulelwa kwesisu, futhi kwenzeke ngokumelene nesizinda sezifo ezihlukahlukene ezingelapheki?
ECO: ubuchwepheshe bokusiza
Ukukhulelwa, okubangelwa i-IVF, kudinga ukunakekelwa okukhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka njalo ukulondoloza. Ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, cishe 30% yokukhulelwa okunjalo kuphazanyiswa ngaphambi kwesikhathi samasonto angu-12-14.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko eziholela ekutheni zikhulelwe ngokukhulelwa emva kwe-IVF:
- i-immunogenetic (isb., izinguquko ze-chromosomal kumaseli wabazali);
- isifo esithathelwanayo (ukuba khona emzimbeni womama wegciwane elivinjelwe noma ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya - igciwane le-herpes simplex, i-cytomegalovirus, i-enterovirus, njll.
- i-endocrine. Ukukhuthazwa kwe-ovulation kuholela ekushintsheni kwama-hormone. Ukusekelwa kwe-hormonal yokukhulelwa, okwenziwe ngosizo lwe-IVF, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhloniphe njalo egazini okuqukethwe kwamahomoni aphethwe ukulondolozwa kwakhe - i-estradiol ne-progesterone.
- I-ultrasound yokuqala nokuvame ukuhlola ukuguquguquka kwe-fetus, i-ovary kanye nesisu. Futhi, i-ultrasound ihlola indawo ye-embryo (indawo ephansi ingabangela ukukhulelwa kwesisu), ukungabikho noma ukutholakala emzimbeni wesibindi samanzi (isib. Ama-clots egazi), inqola yeqanda lesisu, njll. Konke lokhu kuvumela ukubona ukusongelwa kusengaphambili futhi kuthathe izinyathelo ezifanele.
- Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokusungulwa kokutholakala kwe-chromosomal pathologies nezifo ezithile zezakhi zofuzo, indlela yokuhlolwa kwezinto eziphilayo kanye ne-ultrasound ukunciphisa ubungozi bokungabhubhi kokubeletha kwe-fetus emva kwe-IVF (kungabhekiswa kokubili ubudala bomama nezimbangela zokungazalwa komuntu).
- Ukuqapha okuqinile komlomo wesibeletho (ku-trimester yesibili, ukungakwazi ukusebenza komlomo wesibeletho kuvame ukukhula futhi kuthuthuke ngokushesha, okuyinto esimweni esibucayi kunazo zonke ezingabangela ukukhulelwa komzimba okungahambi kahle).
- Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kokutheleleka kwegciwane noma igciwane.
- Ukudla kwamavithamini-antihypoxants (C, E, beta-carotene, kanye ne-folic acid) kusukela ekukhulelwe kokuqala.
- ukuphindaphindiwe;
- amathuba okuphutha kwesisu;
- ingozi ye-intrauterine fetal pathologies;
- inkomba ephezulu yokutheleleka.
Ukukhipha isisu okungajwayelekile kungabangela izimbangela ezihlukahlukene: ukuphazamiseka kwezakhi zofuzo kanye nokushintshashintsha kwemvelaphi ye-hormonal, izifo ze-cervix, izici zangaphandle nokucindezeleka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umzimba wesifazane oneminyaka engamashumi amathathu uvame ukungakwazi ukuthatha umntwana ngaphandle kosizo olufanele lwezokwelapha. Kungenzeka ukuthi akufanele kubangelwe ukuthi umuntu omdala owesifazane, kunzima kakhulu ukuba ahlale ekhulelwe ngokomzimba, kodwa futhi ukuthi lapho esekhulile emaqanda, abesifazane bawela izinguquko zofuzo, okuholela ekufweni kwezingane ezingenakuhambisana nokuphila .
Iningi labesifazane baphumelela ukukhulelwa futhi ngonyaka ngemuva kokukhipha isisu.
Ingozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu ixhomeke kokubili uhlobo lokugula okuholela ekutheni umuntu angakwazi ukuzala futhi uneminyaka yobudala besifazane: iminyaka engama-35 - 10.5%, iminyaka 35-39-16.1%, eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-40 -42.9%.
Yini okudingeka uyikhumbule?
- Ngokuvamile ukulahleka kwegazi kuvele ngenxa ye-chromosomal engavamile yemibungu, futhi ngokuguga ngokuvamile kuvame ukuvama. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuhlela ukukhulelwa, kuhle ukuba uthole ukwelulekwa ngokwezakhi zofuzo: i-geneticist izohlola isimo sakho esithile futhi ithole ukuthi izinkinga ze-genetic plan zingakanani.
- Thintana nodokotela wakho ukuze ukhulelwe ngokushaywa phansi kwezempilo, kusukela ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu.
- Lungisa ukudla kwakho ukudla okunempilo, uphuze amanzi amaningi, ungakhohlwa amavithamini nokuphumula ngaphezulu. Utshwala nokubhema kuvinjelwe!
- Gcina isimo sengqondo esihle. Ukukhulelwa okulinde isikhathi eside kungase kube nzima ngokomzwelo: izinkumbulo zokulahlekelwa kwangaphambilini azipheli ngokushesha.
Ukulinda ingane kuyinkinga enkulu emzimbeni, okungabangela ukuphindaphinda "kokulala" okuningi ngaphambi kwalesi sifo. Uma uneminyaka engaphezulu komama ozayo, kuphakama amathuba okuthi unezilonda ezingapheli. Izifo ezicindezela inkambo yokukhulelwa zihlanganisa:
- izifo zesimiso senhliziyo (isifo somfutho wegazi, isifo senhliziyo);
- izifo zesimiso sokuphefumula (i-bronchitis, i-asthma);
- isifo sezinso (pyelonephritis, glomerulo-nephritis, urolithiasis);