Ososayensi sebevele sebethole inkolelo yokuqonda yezibalo ze-intelligence, evumela ukuthi kungakanani ukuphatha ukuthuthukiswa kwayo. Ungafundisa ukuthi ungaba kanjani ohlakaniphile. Kodwa ... izibalo zengqondo "azihlanganisiwe" ngaphandle kolimi lwefantasy. Ubuntu bawo bonke abakhona abukho indlela engcono yokuthuthukisa ingqondo nokuhlakanipha kunokufunda. Ukufunda kahle kuthonya ukuthuthukiswa kwengqondo nokuziphatha, kukhuthaza ukuqonda okufanayo kwabazali nezingane. Izincwadi ezithakazelisayo, ezifundisayo zisiza ukuqonda imithetho yentuthuko yemvelo nomphakathi, ukwanelise izithakazelo ezingqondweni, ukuthuthukisa u-intelligence, ukwakha ukunambitheka nokuhlelwa komdwebo. Kodwa abazali kufanele baqonde ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa komsebenzi, ukufunda nokuqonda kwenzeka ezinyathelweni, iminyaka ngayinye inezinga layo lokubona kombhalo ophrintiwe.
Uthando lokufunda luqala kuphi?
Isikhathi sokuqala sokufunda sifakwa emndenini ngezincwadi zezingane zokuqala. Kamuva, ukwakheka komfundi osemusha kwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya labothisha, othisha, abathintekayo. Ingane ekhula emndenini ofundwayo, ngisho nangaphambi kokuba isikole sakhiwe kanye nesidingo sokufunda, namakhono akhe okuqala. Nokho, ngale ndlela kulindele izithiyo eziningi nezilingo.
Izingane zanamuhla zikhona izinhlobo ezahlukene zemasiko - ezibukwayo, ezomshini kanye nencwadi. Kodwa-ke, ngamunye wabo uphethwe ngamasampula okuthiwa mass, isiko sase-ersatz - amasosha, ama-thrillers, eerotica, njll. Izingane azidingi ukuba zizivikele kuphela "ezidalweni" eziphansi, kodwa futhi zibandakanye ekufundeni okuwusizo okukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa okungokomoya nokuziphatha, okubeka imigomo ephezulu yokuhle nokuhle, ukuthula nokuvumelana.
Kodwa lokhu kungenziwa kanjani? Okokuqala, eduze kwengane kufanele kube nokuhlakanipha, abantu abadala abagunyazayo abangakwazi ukuqondisa umfundi wakhe nesithakazelo sokuqonda. Inendima enjalo ngezikhathi ezahlukene noma ngesikhathi esifanayo abazali, othisha, abalabhulali benza okuthile.
Abasenkulisa
Badinga ukufundwa ukuqala ukudala isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokungena ebangeni lokuqala. Indima eqondile ekuthuthukiseni imisebenzi yokufunda idlalwe ngumndeni kanye ne-enkulisa. Ingane isesiteji sokulungiselela umsebenzi wokufunda. Izincwadi zakhe zokuqala "zincwadi ezincane kakhulu" - ama-clamshell izincwadi, izincwadi zezingane. Lesi yisikhathi sokufunda ngokucophelela: ingane ibona incwadi "ngendlebe" futhi ibuka izithombe. Kusukela ekutheni abazali noma othisha bakwazi ukuveza ngokomzwelo, ukufunda ingane inganekwane kuncike kakhulu. Lapha udinga i-intonation ecebile, i-timbre eguqukayo yezwi, isigqi esithile sokufunda. Abantu abadala kufanele bazizwe futhi bangaphuthelwa ngesikhathi lapho ingane ingenawo amakhono okuqonda umbhalo, kodwa futhi ikhono lokujabulela le ncwadi, ulinde ukuqhubeka kokufunda.
Izici eziyinhloko zokubheka izingane zasenkulisa ziyi:
- ikhono lokuzwelana, ukuvumela ingane ukuba ihlole ukuziphatha kwemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yabalingiswa, bese abantu beqiniso;
- ukukhuphuka komzwelo nokusheshisa kokubona kombhalo, okuthinta ukuthuthukiswa kwengqondo. Iminyaka yasenkulisa iyabonakala kahle kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni iphutha, njengoba ingane ingena kalula ezimweni ezicatshangelwayo encwadini. Ngokushesha uqala ukuzwelana nokuphikisana namaqhawe "okuhle" futhi "amabi";
- ukukhuphuka kwesifiso, ubuciko bokubona;
- ugxile kwiqhawe lomsebenzi wokubhala, izenzo zakhe. Izingane zinikezwa izisusa ezilula, ezikhuthele zezenzo, zisho ngomlomo isimo sabo sengqondo mayelana namaqhawe, zihlaba umxhwele ulimi olukhanyayo, lokucabanga, izinkondlo zomsebenzi.
Unyaka wesikole esikoleni
Izazi zengqondo zibiza ngalesi sikhathi ngezinye izikhathi ukuqoqwa kokuqala. Ukucabanga kwabafundi abancane abancane esikoleni kanye nemifanekiso kufana nokucabanga kwabasenkulisa, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kunomlingiswa ongcono kakhulu. Isigaba esibaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni kwengane kuwukufunda. Umqambi wokuqala uqala ukufunda ngokuzimela, okubhekiswe ekuthuthukiseni okusebenzayo kokufunda nokuqonda. Ekupheleni konyaka wokuqala wesikole, izingane eziningi sezifunda kakade ngokushelela. Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwesikhala samasiko kuxhomeke emizamweni yabothisha nabadobi.
Phakathi kwezici zalesikhathi kufanele zihlukaniswe:
- gxila ekufundeni, incazelo ngayinye yezinto ezikhangayo kunazo zonke ezithandwayo zokudala (ukudweba, ukuklama, ukwenza amateur, njll);
- Ukukhululeka, ukuzwelana, okudinga ukukhululwa ngendlela evulekile yokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo, ukuvezwa;
- umcabango ocacile, obonakala emntwaneni ngesifiso sokuphila impilo yamaqhawe ezincwadi, ukwakha "ukuqhubeka" kwencwadi ethandekayo;
- "umphumela wokuba khona" empilweni yamaqhawe ezincwadi;
- hhayi kuphela ukuqonda izixhumanisi zangaphandle phakathi kwezimo namaqiniso, kodwa futhi ukungenelela engqondweni yabo (kukhona isifiso sokufunda nokuphinda ufunde izincwadi eziyizintandokazi).
Intsha
Ekukhuleni, kukhona ukwakheka kwemibono emayelana nemvelo, umphakathi, umuntu, ukuqonda kokuziphatha, izindinganiso zobuciko. Ukucabanga okuhlaziywa, ukucabangela nokuzijabulisa komphakathi. Izinsana ziqala ukukhathazeka ngezinkinga ezinkulu zokuphila.
Phakathi kwezici zokuthuthukiswa kwengqondo kulesi sigaba kungabonakala:
- ukusesha okusebenzayo
- indawo yokusetshenziswa kwamakhono namakhono (ukuvakashela imibuthano, ama-studios, ukukhethwa kwezinqumo), ukuvela kokuzilibazisa okusha;
- ukuvuselelwa kwenqubo yokuzifundela, ukuzibandakanya komphakathi, ukujoyina amaqembu ezithakazelo;
- isidingo sokuzibona hhayi nje kuphela okwamanje, kodwa nangesikhathi esizayo, ukuvela kwesithakazelo emsebenzini ozayo;
- ukuhlonza ngokobulili - ukuqaphela ukuthi bangabesilisa noma besifazane, bangena ezikhundleni ezifanele zomphakathi.
- umsebenzi wokufunda kancane kancane unqamuke ukuba uqede konke, nakuba okwesikhashana uhlala ungowokuqala.
Abafundi abaphezulu
Isikhathi esikoleni esiphakeme, noma esiphakathi phakathi kokukhula komuntu nokudala, yisigaba sokugcina sokuzibandakanya komphakathi. Iphela esikoleni esiphakeme, ukukhetha umsebenzi, umuntu ulungiselela impilo yokuzimela, uthola ipasipoti kanye namalungelo okuba yisakhamuzi.
Izici zobudala ze-psyche zihlukile futhi ziyaphikisana:
- kukhona isidingo esicacisiwe ngokucacile sokukhululwa ekulawuleni nasekugcineni
- Abazali kanye nabadala ngokujwayelekile, kukhona ukuvuselelwa kokuxhumana: okubaluleke nakakhulu ukusebenzisana hhayi nabantu abadala, kodwa ngontanga;
- uhlakulela isifiso sokuziveza, ukufakazela ukubaluleka komuntu siqu; izikhungo zokukhanga le nsizwa ziyiqembu elihlukene;
- umbuthano wezithakazelo uhamba ngaphezu kwendawo yokufunda, inqubekela phambili kulesi sigaba akubonisi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthuthukiswa okuphumelelayo, okuhambelana nomuntu ngamunye;
- amanani namacebo okuphila akhiwa; Ngokuvamile isifiso sokuphumelela empilweni sidlula ukulungela kwengqondo ngezinqumo ezithintekayo;
- indawo ekhethekile empilweni yensizwa inokuhlangenwe nakho kobulili.
Ngokuqondene nokufunda, lapha ukubaluleka okukhulu kutholakala ngemfashini, ukuthandwa kwalokhu noma omunye umsebenzi. Umfundi osemusha uvame ukukhathazeka hhayi ngencwadi ngokwalo nangokuqonda kwayo, kodwa umqondo wokuthi omaziyo naye uzoba nabantu abakuzungezile.
Ukuthuthukiswa kokufunda umsebenzi ekukhuleni kungalingani. Amaqembu ahlukene abafundi ahlukaniswa: ngokuthandayo kanye nokuthandayo, ngokufunda, ngezinga lokufunda, njll Isibonelo, ngokweziko lokufunda, izazi zikhomba amaqembu alandelayo:
• Ukufunda okuphansi noma ukufunda ngengozi (izinga lokuqwashisa ngokuvamile liphansi);
• abafundi abanentshisekelo engavumelani (ikakhulukazi abalandeli be-adventure kanye nezinhlobo zokubhekela);
• abafundi abanentshisekelo ehlukahlukene (ukufundwa nokufunwa);
• Abantu abasha abahlukaniswa ngokufunda okunenjongo, ukwakha ukunambitheka, ukuzimela ekukhetheni izincwadi;
• Abantu abasha, abanesidingo sabo esinqunyelwe kuphela ezincwadini zemfundo, ukufunda "esabelweni".
Ngakho-ke, isikhathi ngasinye sobudala sibonakala ngezici zayo zokuqonda okungokoqobo, okuthandayo. Ngokuya kwabo, imisebenzi yokufundisa ihlukahluka, kanye namafomu nezindlela zokubandakanya izingane ekufundeni.