Izikole eziningi zanamuhla zaseRussia ziphethe "Ukuzinikezela kwabokuqala". Umkhosi uhlelwe ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa okuqeqesha. Ngalesi sikhathi, izingane sezivele zihamba kahle eqenjini elisha, zinabangane nezintombi. Inyanga emva kwosuku lokuqala lwesikole, abakwa-first-graders bayeke ukujabha, bekhuluma nothisha, othisha abayinhloko, umqondisi nabalingane nabo. Bajwayele isiqu sesikole sokuphila, izifundo ezindala kanye nezinguquko ezincane, ukukhumbula ngekhanda amavesi kalula futhi bahlanganyele emisebenzini yangemva kwesikhathi ngenjabulo. Isimo seholidi ekilasini 1 livame ukhiwa othisha nabazali abakhuthele kakhulu. Abafundi abakhulu basiza ukubamba umcimbi emtatsheni wezincwadi noma ngisho nasesikoleni, ukunikela abafundi kubafundi nabahamba ngezinyawo. Ngokuvamile ekuvakashelweni kwabaqashi bokuqala kufika amaqhawe amathekisthi - izingane ezincane ziyakuthandeka kakhulu ukuxhumana nabalingiswa bemisebenzi edumile yokubhala, futhi bajabule ngokufeza izabelo zabo. Ngezinye izikhathi iqembu lezingane liqhutshwa ngqo ekilasini, nevidiyo ekhuluma ngomlando wesikole.
Ukuzinikezela kumafomu okuqala - Isikhathi seholide esithakazelisayo
Ukuqaliswa kwabaqashi bokuqala yosuku olulindeleke kakhulu futhi oluthakazelisayo lwezingane, iholide lokuqala ekuphileni kwabo esikoleni. Isimo salo mcimbi sihlinzekela ukukhishwa kwemikhosi yokuqala yezindleko ngezindondo ezingokomfanekiso nokuzinikeza izipho. Abafundi besikole esiphakeme bavakashela izingane zangaphambili zasenkulisa. Bahlanganyela izindaba ezimnandi ezenzeka kubo ngesikhathi sezifundo zabo, tshela amacala ahlekisayo, babonise izithombe kusukela emisebenzini yabo yangaphandle.
Izibonelo zezimo zomcimbi wokuthakazelisa okuqala ezithakazelisayo zezingqalasizinda zokuqala
Ukusebenza ngesimo seholidi "Ukuqaliswa kwabaqashi bokuqala", othisha bangacela usizo lwabazali bebanga lokuqala, abafundi bezikole eziphakeme, nabanye othisha. Kuzingane ezineminyaka engu-6-7 ubudala, kungcono ukubamba umcimbi onjalo efomini lomdlalo. Abakwa-First-graders bazoba nesithakazelo ekuqagekeni izembatho, ekuqaliseni izindaba ezincane, ukuncintisana nabalingani nabo ekilasini ngejubane. Imidlalo ehambayo idinga ukuhlelwa ehholo, egcekeni lesikoleni noma e-gym.
Isifiso somuntu oqala ukuhamba: Ngifunga phambi kwabo bonke ukuthi ngizame ukuphilisa, Hamba esikolweni sakho ozithandayo! Ngifunga ukufunda nokubhala, ngihloniphekile. Futhi ku-knapsack ukugqoka "okuhle" futhi "okuhle kakhulu." Ngiyafunga ukuthi ngizozama kanzima Ukuqhubeka ngilwa nabangani bami! Ngifunga ukuthi ngisemntwana ukuba ngikhuliswe, Ungagijimi esikoleni, kodwa uhambe isinyathelo. Futhi uma ngiqeda isifungo sami, Ngabe nginikeza izinyo zami zobisi, Ngabe ngithembisa ukugeza izitsha kuze kube phakade, Futhi ngeke ngidlale kukhompyutha! Izingane zihlala zihle kakhulu Ngizokwenza Futhi ngingalokothi ngikhohlwe isifungo sami! Kunzima ukukhulisa izingane zakho, Okudinga kakhulu ukwazi lokhu. Ngifuna ukufisa abazali bami: Ukusiza izingane njalo ezintweni zonke, Ukubuthana esikoleni kusukela ekuseni kwengane, Ukunikeza iseluleko esihle ngesikhathi, Ukuthola isikhathi sokufunda incwadi ehlakaniphile, Futhi ngosuku lokuphuma, ungakhohlwa ukuhamba, Ukugwema zonke izifo, Kumele uthukuthelise izingane, Imihlangano, Isikole ngangokunokwenzeka ukusiza. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - ngaphandle kokungabaza - ngifisa ukubekezela!
Isimo sesimanje sokuqaliswa kwabaqashi bokuqala
Izingane zanamuhla ngeminyaka engu-6-7 sezivele zikwazi ukufunda nokubhala kahle kuphela, kepha futhi ukusebenza nekhompyutha, ifoni, ithebhulethi. Ngokuqamba iskripthi seholide lokuqalwa kwabaqashi bokuqala, uthisha angacela abafundi abasebenza kakhulu nabahlakaniphile ukuba babasize bakhethe ividiyo yomcimbi, bathathe izingoma ezifanele ezithandwa phakathi kwabathandi abasha abasha. Abafundi besikole esiphakeme bangaba nombuzo wezingane. Ukuphendula ngokufanele yonke imibuzo, ingane inikezwa isihloko sokuhlonipha "umfundi weklasi lokuqala". Yiqiniso, izingane akufanele zibuze imibuzo ekhohlisayo - enikeza izimpendulo ezifanele, abaqashi bokuqala kufanele bajabule ngobuqotho empumelelweni yabo.
Ukuqaliswa kwabaqashi bokuqala esikoleni - Isikripthi seholide lesimanje
Izingane zesikole zanamuhla zithanda umculo, zidansa kahle, zithande ukucula izingoma ezidumile futhi zihlanganyele ezikhungweni ezihlekisayo. Ukuhlela ukuqaliswa kwabaqashi bokuqala, uthisha kumele acabangele izithakazelo zezingane eziningi. Umkhosi awukwazi ukubanjwa njengomcimbi osemthethweni ngokuhalalisela kanye nemiyalo evela othisha nabazali babo. Ngaphambi kweholide kungcono ukuhlobisa ekilasini ngamabhaloni, izithombe ze-first-grader, izithombe ezihlekisayo ngokuphila kwesikole. Ikakhulukazi kulo mcimbi eshadini elikhulu lika-Whatman udinga ukubhala isifungo somuntu oqala kuqala-ungawafunda ndawonye. Ngemuva kwesifungo, abafana namantombazane banikezwa isihloko sokuhlonipha "umfundi wekilasi lokuqala".
I- Vow
Vocabulary's Vow Ukufunda izincwadi, ukufunda ukufunda ... Sifunga! Ukufunda ehlobo ukubhala nokubala ... Sifunga Esifundweni ukuzama, futhi ungabaleli izimpukane ... Sifunga! Isifundo ukuvikela, ungajiki futhi ungadabuki ... Sifunga! Yenza yonke imisebenzi yesikole ... Sifunga Ukuza esikoleni ngaphandle kokuphuza isikhathi ... Sifunga ukuthi Yiba mnene futhi uvuthiwe konyaka ... Siyafunga! Yibani ukuziqhenya kwabazali nothisha ... Sifunga! Sifunga! Sifunga!
Ukuqaliswa kwabaqashi bokuqala - Isimo seholidi enezintandokazi zezinganekwane
Ekuqalisweni kwabaqashi bokuqala, amaqhawe wezinganekwane azokuvakashela abafundi - uNezzayka, uCarlson, uPinocchio, u-Alice waseWonderland. Benza izingane zabo izikhwama mayelana nesikole, bahlabelela izingoma ngobuhlobo babo, badlala imidlalo yokuthuthukisa.
Ividiyo yomkhosi wokuqalwa kwabaqashi bokuqala - Izigcawu ezinobalingiswa bezinganekwane
Ama-heroes ezithombeni ngosuku lokuqalwa kuma-first-grader angamaqhawe amatheksthi. Bajabulisa izingane ngokubaxoxela amaqiniso angenangqondo mayelana nokuphila kwesikole, ukudlala nabo "ekubambeni", kanye nalabo abaphumelela ekunikezeni imibuzo emincane ngemiklomelo emihle.
Izinkondlo zebanga lokuqala lokuqala kuma-graders wokuqala
Ekunikezelweni kwabaqashi bokuqala, abazali nabagogo nomkhulu bamenywa esikoleni. Abantu abasondelene nabo bokuqala balalela ngokujabula, njengoba bebalandisa izinkondlo mayelana nesikole esivela esiteji bese bebonisa imidwebo ehlekisayo, behleka usulu abafundi abanganaki futhi "othisha". Umcimbi uhlale uqala ukulungiselela amasonto amabili noma amathathu ngaphambi kweholidi: izingane akufanele zifunde kuphela imilolotelo ngenhliziyo, kodwa futhi zibiza lezi ziqu zinezinkulumo.
Izibonelo zezinkondlo zokuqalwa kwabaqashi bokuqala ebangeni lokuqala
Ukukhetha amavesi okuqala ekuqalisweni kokuqala, uthisha angagxila emigqumeni ye-quirky kaGrigory Oster. Ubuciko bomlobi owakuthandwa kakhulu, owaziwa ngokuthi umbhali we "Amathiphu aHloniphekile" kubantwana nakubantu abadala, kuzokwenza kube nemiphumela eminingi emihle kubantwana abaneminyaka engu-6-7 ubudala. Yiqiniso, "imilolotelo engavumeleki" enjalo ikhethwa nje ukwenza umkhosi ube mnandi ngangokunokwenzeka. Endabeni yomcimbi, ungafaka imigqa ethintekayo mayelana nesikole nabothisha.
Ngithembisa ukutadisha "amahlanu"! Ngithembisa ukukhumbula nokukwazi konke! Ngithembisa isayensi ukwazi Futhi ngibe i-academician esikhathini esizayo!
Ngaphambi kwethu, zonke izindlela zivulekile, Zonke izindlela eziphambi kwethu. Sizobe sesidumile, kodwa okwamanje siyilasi lokuqala kuphela. Futhi ngenkathi sidinga nje ukufunda Ukuvula izimfihlo zezwe, Njalo uzame engaziwa, Ukuze ukwaziwa. Lokhu kuyinto yonke yokuphila, isayensi, abantu kanye nezwe lakubo. Sonke asifundanga ngenxa yesithukuthezi - Kufanele sikhazimulise iNingizimu Afrika.
Ukuqaliswa kwama-first-grader abe abafundi - Umkhosi emtatsheni wezincwadi
Umgomo wokunikezela abafundi abaqalayo kubafundi abasondelene nabantwana bezingane zasenkulisa ngelabhulali yesikole. Ukuhlela lo mcimbi, uthisha wesikole samabanga aphansi, ngokubambisana nomtapo wolwazi, ulungiselela izingane ngokufunda amakhadi noma izitifiketi "zabafundi abasha". Emkhosini, izingane zitshelwa ukuthi zingakwazi kanjani ukufunda ngokushesha nangaphandle kokuthola incwadi emashalofini. Abafundi abancane kunazo zonke bazofunda imithetho eningiliziwe yokuphatha izincwadi.
Umkhosi wokuzinikela kwabafundi bokuqala-Umcimbi emtatsheni welabhulali
Ukulungiselela ukunikezelwa kwabafundi bokuqala kubafundi, uthisha nomtapo wezincwadi kufanele baqoqe izinkulumo zamaphiko nezinkolelo ezihlobene nezincwadi, abalobi nezincwadi. Kuzingane kungcono ukuhlela uhambo oluthile emtatsheni welabhulali bese uchaza ngokuningiliziwe isimiso sokuthi indawo yamabhuku emashalofini. Ekupheleni komcimbi, ama-first-graders ayasebenza kakhulu ngezincwadi ezinezinganekwane, izindaba ezincane noma izinkondlo zezingane.
Uhlezi lapha, ungaqapheli amahora, Abangane bokuhlangana kwakho okuhlangenwe nakho, Yikuphi ukuphila okuhlala isikhathi eside. Bakhula nawe ngokulingana okulinganayo, futhi bafundise ngokungahambisani, unyaka nonyaka, hamba phambili, umelane nokuhlupheka, futhi ubone ubusuku obungapheli ngosuku. Heroes of books. Zonke zifana nathi: Dubrovsky, Chatsky, kancane - iPechorin. Uhlamvu lwethu luzalwa ngamabele, Lokho abahlwanyelayo. Emgwaqweni - ebusika. Futhi iqhwa elikhanyayo. Futhi sibheke amafasitela angenalutho Ezindaweni ezikude, izwe eliseduze lemitapo yolwazi. (I. Tyukavin, "Ingoma Yomtapo Wezincwadi")
Ekamelweni lokufunda, ukuthula kudingekile ikakhulukazi. Shiya, ukhulume, Kulabhulali, emakhanini! Ungasivimbeli ekufundeni, ukucabanga, ukuphupha. Ekuthuleni komtapo owodwa uzwa amazwi, Izinkulumo zezinyoni, abantu. Kuzo zonke izincwadi - izimangaliso! Futhi-ke, ukuthula kudingekile lapha.
Ake sicabange ngomzuzwana ukuthi ngokungazelelwe sabulala omagazini nezincwadi, Lokho abantu abangazi ukuthi imbongi isho ukuthini, ukuthi akukho Cheburashka, i-Hottabych ayikho. Ukuthi akekho owake wezwa ngoMoidodyr kuleli zwe. Ukuthi akekho u-Neznayki - amanga angamanga, ukuthi akekho u-Aibolit futhi akekho uMalume Stepa. Mhlawumbe, awukwazi ukucabanga lokhu? Ngakho-ke, thola izwi elinomusa! Vumela izincwadi ziye kubangani ekhaya! Funda impilo yakho yonke - thola ingqondo! (Yu. Entin, "IZwi NgeZwi")
Ukuqaliswa kwabaqashi bokuqala abahamba ngezinyawo - I-Presentation ngevidiyo
Ngokuvamile eholidini lokuqalwa kwabahamba ngezinyawo kuqala, uthisha umeme izimoto zethrafikhi kanye nabashayeli abanolwazi. Batshela izingane zesikole imithetho yokuphepha
ukuziphatha emgwaqweni, babakhombisa ividiyo ebonisa indlela yokuwela emgwaqweni ngendlela efanele, ukuqondiswa yisignali yokukhanya komgwaqo. Kulo mcimbi uthisha nabazali balungiselela isethulo mayelana nezimpawu ezisemqoka zethrafikhi, futhi ekupheleni kweholide uthisha unesivivinyo esincane sabantwana. Ingane eyinikezile, iphendule kahle imibuzo mayelana nemithetho yomgwaqo, inikezelwe kumuntu ohamba ngezinyawo.
Isethulo sokunikezelwa kwabaqashi bokuqala abahamba ngezinyawo - Ividiyo esuka eholidi
Ukuqaliswa kwezigaba zokuqala kwabahamba ngezinyawo kuyisenzakalo esithakazelisayo, esivame ukuhlelwa ezikoleni zanamuhla. Okokuqala, izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi komkhosi, abantwana bekilasi lokuqala baqaliswa emithethweni yomgwaqo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uthisha ubabonisa isethulo sevidiyo esichaza incazelo yezimpawu eziningi zomgwaqo. Ngosuku lokuzinikezela, uMhloli Wezokuphepha Ezokuphepha Kwezemigwaqo ufika kubaphathi bokuqala futhi uthatha "ukuhlolwa" kubantwana abancane abancane: abafana namantombazane baphendula imibuzo ephathelene nomgwaqo, ukukhanya kwezimoto, izimpawu, ukuthutha. Ukuqala kuma-graders okuqala kuyisithakazelo esithakazelisayo, efundisayo, ehlelwe ezikoleni eziningi zanamuhla. Isikripthi sakhe sivame ukutholakala kuyi-intanethi noma izincwadi ezikhethekile zokufundisa ezenzelwe othisha besikole samabanga aphansi. Umcimbi wezingane uqhutshwa othisha, abazali nabafundi esikoleni esiphakeme. Njengoba ushintshile waba amaqhawe amatheksthi, abonisa imidwebo engabalulekile kuma-first-grader, cela imibuzo mayelana nesikole, funda izinkondlo mayelana nobungane. Ekuqaleni kwekota yesibili yezingane zizinikele kubafundi nabahamba ngezinyawo.