Ukungqubuzana kwe-Nasal: izimbangela, ukuxilongwa, izindlela zendabuko nezendabuko

Ukungqubuzana kwe-nasal kungumzwelo wokuntuleka komoya, lapho kungenakwenzeka ukugubha ngokugcwele nangomunye owodwa / amacici. Ukuphefumula komzimba okungaphelele kuhambisane nosizi, ubuhlungu nokugcoba ezonini zesisindo, izindlebe ezithengayo, ukuncipha kwenhliziyo, ukukloloda, iphunga elimnandi nokukhipha emakhaleni. Ngenxa yesifo somzimba we-oksijeni ohlala njalo, ukuvimbela okungapheli kokuphefumula komzimba kuyashukumisela ekuthuthukiseni izinkinga ezinkulu - i-otitis, sinusitis, i-pathologies ye-vascular kanye nesisu senhliziyo, isifo se-tonsillitis, izifo eziphansi (amaphaphu, i-bronchi) kanye nephezulu (trachea, larynx) yokuphefumula. Ukunquma imbangela eqondile yokucinana komzimba futhi ukhethe ukwelashwa okufanele kungenziwa udokotela-otolaryngologist kuphela emva kokuxilongwa nokuhlaziywa kwe-anamnesis. Ukuzivocavoca, okuvame ukuhlanganisa ukulawulwa okungalawulwa kwe-vasoconstricting drops, kuhambisana nokuqhubeka kwe-mucosal hyperplasia, ephathwa ngokuhlinzwa kuphela.

Ukungqubuzana kwe-nasal - kubangela:

• izifo ezingapheliyo zesono / umphuza we-paranasal: ama-polyps, i-maxillary sinus cyst, i-sinusitis, i-rhinitis ye-allergen, i-vasomotor rhinitis, i-rhinitis engapheli;
• Izifo ezithathelwanayo eziyingozi: sinusitis enzima, rhinitis esithathelwanayo;
• i-rhinitis yabesifazane abakhulelwe. Ikhula ku-trimester yesibili ngemuva kwemigqa ye-hormonal, ibonisa ukucinwa kwemfihlo, ukuxubana, ukukhukhumeza;
• ukuphazamiseka kwe-anatomical: ukuphuka kwempumu, ukuvinjelwa / ukuguqulwa kwe-nasum yama-nasal, ukuchithwa kwempumu yangaphandle;

• i-abscess (inhlanzi) engxenyeni yangasese yangaphakathi;
• i-neoplasm yemvelaphi enobungozi noma embi;
• I-pathology ye-nasopharynx: i-adenoids, izicubu;
• izidumbu zangaphandle ezingosini / ekhaleni.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-nasal - izinyathelo zokuxilonga

Ukujwayelekile kwesifo sezinkinga kubangela ubunzima abathile ekutholeni izifo zesigxobo somzimba futhi kusho ukuhlonza okuhlukile, kuhlanganise:

• iqoqo le-anamnesis nokuhlolwa kwezikhalazo zesiguli (isikhathi esingakanani ukuqhutshwa kwesiguli / esisodwa senzeke, ukuthi isiguli siphethwe kanjani, kungakhathaliseki umphumela);
• ukuhlolwa okubukwayo (ukutholakala / ukungabikho kwezimpawu zokuhlukunyezwa);
• i-rhinoscopy. Ingakwazi ukuthola i-mucosal edema, ukukhubazeka kwe-anatomical, izicubu, ukukhishwa emaqenjini angasese;

• endoscopy. Inikeza ithuba lokuthola inqubo yokuvuvukala ezenzweni ze-paranasal, ama-neoplasms angabonakali kwi-rhinoscopy;
• computer tomography, radiography / ultrasound we sinanas paranasal.

Ukungqubuzana kwe-nasal - ukwelashwa

Indlela yokwelapha incike esiyimbangela, eyabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula komzimba. Imithi yanamuhla inezindlela eziningi eziphumelelayo ezivumela ngokushesha ukuphulukisa i-nezzhennost nokubuyisela ukuphefumula okuvamile, into esemqoka - ukukhetha imithi yokwelashwa yomuntu ngamunye, ukucabangela zonke izinhlobo ze-nuances kanye nezici zesithombe somtholampilo wesifo.

1. Ukuphazanyiswa esakhiweni somcengezi. Ukwehlukaniswa, ushintsho esimweni se-septum, i-hypertrophy ye-conal nasal - izinkomba zokwelapha ukwelashwa. Ukusebenza kubhekisela epulasitiki, kwenziwa nge-endonasally, engabandakanyi ukusikeka ebusweni. Isikhathi sokuxhaphazwa imizuzu engu-30 kuya kwangu-50, singenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia jikelele noma yendawo.

2. I-allergenic rhinitis. Ithuthukisa ngenxa yokwethulwa kwezilwane eziya emanzini omzimba, okubonakala ngokugxeka, ukuhlambalaza, ukunyakaza kwe-paroxysmal. Kunconywa ukuba uqede ngokuphelele (uma kungenzeka) ukuxhumana okusheshayo ne-allergen - lokhu kuzosiza ukunciphisa izimpawu nokugwema ukuvuvukala, okukhulisa ukuzwela ukucasula.

   Ukwelashwa kokuxubana ngo-rhinitis okweqile:

   • antihistamines. I-Systemic (Cetirizine, Astemizol, Fexofenadine) ngokushesha inciphisa ukungxenywa kwamanzi, ukuqeda ukukhipha nokunyakaza. Uma ukubonakaliswa kwesifo kunqunyelwe ekhaleni, abaphikisi bendawo baseH1-histamine receptors (Levocabastine, Azelastine) bayasebenza. Ukuqhathaniswa: isikhathi sokulahlwa, ukukhulelwa;
   • i-corticosteroids yendawo (i-Fluticasone, i-mometasone, i- Triamcinolone acetonide). Ukukhululwa kwalesi simo kubonakala ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-1-2 zokungeniswa, ukuthuthukiswa okuphakade, izinsuku ezingu-7-10 ezidingekayo. Ukwethulwa kwe-corticosteroids yamanzi kufanele kuqale ngesilinganiso esiphezulu, kancane kancane sinciphise njengoba kutholakala. Ngenkimbinkimbi enkulu yama-nasal, ukuphathwa kwamaconsi e-betamethasone kunconywa ngesonto lokuqala lokwelapha;

   • anticholinergics (Ipatropium bromide). Unomsebenzi onamandla wokulwa ne-anticholinergic futhi uveza kabi ukusebenza komzimba, kuboniswa iziguli ezine-wateryhistorrhea (i-mucous ehlukaniswe nekhaleni), ziphikisana neziguli ezine-hypertrophy ne-glaucoma;
   • immunotherapy. Okuyinhloko yokwelashwa kusezindlini ze-hypodermic zokwehla kwamandla okuthola i-allergen ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kokubekezelelana kwe-immunological. Uhlelo olujwayelekile: ukujova masonto onke - ukujova njalo ngenyanga, okuhlala iminyaka engu 2-3. I-Immunotherapy yenziwa ezikhungweni zezokwelapha ezihlomele imishini yokuvuselela ngenxa yengozi yokuthola i-anaphylaxis nokuziphendulela ngendlela eyingozi;

   • ukwelapha ukwelashwa. Isibonakaliso: ukukhubazeka okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezono zesipelana, hypertrophy engenakuphikiswa kwe-concha nasal, i-hyperplasia ye-pharyngeal tonsil, ebangela kakhulu ukuphefumula komzimba.
3. I-Vasomotor (nonallergic) i-rhinitis. Enhliziyweni yesifo kukhona ukuphazanyiswa kwesimiso sezinzwa ezizimele ngenxa yokutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza, ukudla utshwala, ukubhema ukubhema ugwayi, ukushintshashintsha okungazelelwe ekushiseni kwemoya ephazamisekile noma ithonya lemithi (izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala, izidakamizwa zokucindezeleka, izidakamizwa). Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-rhinitis ezingelahleki ziyisinye isithiyo sezingxenye ezingakwesobunxele nezingakwesokudla emgodini wezintambo, ukungabi khona kokubamba.

   Ukwelashwa kokuxubana ne-vasomotor rhinitis:

   • ukugeza amavesi angasese anezixazululo zelinesi ezinesakhiwo sokulwa nokuvuvukala nokubulala izifo;
   • Ihluma ama-hormone e-corticosteroid (Fliksonaze, Nazarel, Baconaz) ngezifundo eside (inyanga noma ngaphezulu). Zibonakala nge-bioavailability ephezulu yesistimu kanye nephrofayili yokuphepha enokwethenjelwa. Umphumela uhlanganisa kancane kancane, ukusetshenziswa okuhlelekile kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa;

   • izipuni ezisekelwe ku-ipratropium bromide (Ipravent, Atrovent). Kuboniswa e-rhinitis ebandayo, kuncishiswe ukukhululeka kokuphuma komzimba, ukuqeda i-zalozhennost, ukuthuthukisa isimo jikelele;
   • imithi, ene-vasoconstrictive effect (i-Ephedrine, i-Naphthysine, i-Sanorin). Iyancipha ukuvuvukala kwe-mucosa, ukukhipha, ukuqhuma, ukunciphisa izitsha zomngcele, ukulinganisa ukuphakama;
   • ukuvinjelwa kwe-intracavitary ne-novocaine / i-hydrocortisone;
   • ukukhwabanisa, umzimba we-physiotherapy, ukuzivocavoca okulinganiselayo, ukuhlukanisa isisindo.

Uma izindlela zokwelapha zokugonywa komzimba zingasebenzi, ukungenelela okuphazamisayo okuphansi-i-submucosal osteochondhotomy ephansi, i-laser photodestruction noma i-ultrasonic disintegration-kwenziwa. Inhloso yokusebenza ukubhubhisa izitsha ezincane ze-concha yangasese, ukuze zinganda ngenxa yokuvuvukala. Indlela yokuthola ukwelashwa okuhlinzekwa incike ezintweni zomtholampilo we-vasomotor rhinitis, i-etiology, ne-pathologies ehambisanayo.

Amaconsi aphumelelayo ekhaleni ngokuxubana

Ukuxubaniswa kwe-nasal kubantu abadala kuphathwa ngamaconsi / imisipha yomzimba yamaqembu ahlukahlukene (ukwelapha okuyisifo).

1. I-Vasculature. Ngokushesha ukukhulula ukucindezeleka, ubuyekeze ukuphefumula okuvamile komzimba, kuyilapho ususa ikhanda kanye nekhala eligijima. Ukwelashwa kwesikhashana isikhathi eside ngezidakamizwa ze-vasoconstrictive akuvumelekile ngenxa yengozi enkulu yokuthuthukisa i-rhinitis eyenziwa yizidakamizwa, okunzima ukuphatha. Izinkinga eziyinhloko ze-vasoconstricting amaconsi ziwumphumela wesikhashana, umphumela onobuthi kumathuluzi eselula we-citheary epithelium:
   • amalungiselelo omsebenzi omfushane (kuze kube amahora angu-6): iSanorin, Tizin, uNaphthysine;

   • isenzo esiphakathi (amahora angama-10): i-Galazolin, i-Orivin, i-Rhinostop;
   • isenzo sesikhathi eside (kuze kube amahora angu-12): iNazol, iNazivin.
2. Anti-inflammatory (Isofra, Polidexa ne phenylephrin). Ikhambi eliphumelelayo lokungqubuzana okubandayo nokumsulwa. Khipha amagciwane kanye nama-bacteria okubulala isifo, ukuqeda ukuvuvukala kwekhanda elimangalisa, ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala, ukukhuthaza ukuvuselelwa.
3. I-Antiallergic (iVibrocil, i-Sanorin analgesin). Usizo oluvela ekungxenyeni komswakama kanye nokomile kwesigxobo somzimba.
4. Ngamafutha abalulekile (i-Pinosol, i-Evkasept). Nciphisa amabhaktheriya / amagciwane, ungabi umlutha, uvuselele ngobumnene i-membrane, bese ususa i-stasis.

5. With hormone corticosteroid (Nazonex, Fliksonase). Yiba nemiphumela ephikisayo yokulwa nomzimba / yokulwa nomzimba, ekhonjiswe ngokucinana kwesisu, okubangelwa yi-rhinitis ye-allergenic, yesusitis.
6. Izixazululo ze-saline (Salin, Aqua Maris). Zinezici zokulandelela kanye nosawoti ezikhuthaza izinqubo zokutakula ezinomthelela olwa nokuvuvukala.

Ukwelashwa ngamaconsi emanzini kunconywa kuphela ngokubambisana okungokwemisipha okubangelwa ukuvuvukala, hhayi ngokuqoqwa kwemfihlo yamanzi. Ungasebenzisi izidakamizwa zaleli qembu ngezinsuku ezingaphezulu kuka-7-10 ukuze ugweme ukulutha. Ukuphikisana okungaqondile: i-rhinitis ye-atrophic, i-glaucoma. Ukuphikisana okuhlobene: ukukhulelwa, ukwelashwa, isifo esiwumfutho wegazi, isifo senhliziyo / isisulu, kwandisa umsebenzi we -roid.

Ukuxubana kwe-nasal ngaphandle kwamaconsi amanzi ase-vasoconstrictive

Ukwelashwa kokungqubuzana komzimba kuqukethe izinyathelo ezimbili - i-sanation nokubuyiselwa kwe-mucosa yangasese. Kunconywa ukuqala ukwelashwa ngezinqubo eziphazamisayo. I-tea nama-raspberries, okugeza okushisayo, ama-plaster ama-plaster ama-agent ahle kakhulu okuthuthukisa igazi ekuphuleni. Inhalation nokufudumala ngezwizhennosti kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela. Uma zikhona izifo zesimiso sokuphefumula, ungathuthukisa isimo. Okunye okufanelekile kunamaconsi e-vasoconstrictive yizixazululo ze-homeopathic (i-Cinnabsin, iSinupret ngesimo samaconsi / ama-dragees). Lezi zidakamizwa zibhekene nezakhiwo eziphikisanayo eziphikisayo neziphikisanayo, azikho ukuphikisana, okuyizinto ezimbi kuphela - kumele zikhethwe ngokuqondile, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke kube khona ukubikezela ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa.

Ukungqubuzana kwe-nasal nokuzivocavoca

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kunomthelela ekusebenziseni ukuphefumula kwe-pulmonary, kwandise ukugeleza kwegazi jikelele, ukuhlanza ama-nasal kanye ne-bronchi, futhi ususe ikhala elimnyama.

1. Izindlela zokuphefumulela eziyinkimbinkimbi ezisiza nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-rhinitis:

   • yenza ukuphelela ngokugcwele emakhaleni, kuqala ukuqhuma isisu, bese - ukwandisa i-thorax. Ngaphandle kokuphuma kwamanzi, okokuqala, ukunciphisa ivolumu yesifuba, okwesibili - udwebe esiswini;
   • yenza ukuphefumula kwesifuba: ukuphefumula isikhathi eside emakhaleni (isifuba sanda, isisu siphumelela). Ngesikhathi sokuphefumula - ngokuphambene nalokho;
   • yenza ukuphefumula kwesisu: ukuphefumulelwa "kwesikhala" eside, kanti isisu kufanele siphumelele.

2. Inkimbinkimbi ehlose ukugqugquzela ukuphefumula komzimba nokuqeda ukuxubana:

   • ukusakaza imilenze yakho ezinhlangothini, ukufakaza ngekhala lakho, ukuphakamisa izingalo zakho phezulu. Kancipha kancane kancane, uphumule emakhaleni. Kubalulekile engxenyeni yokuqala yomsebenzi ukugoba ngokuqinile emgodleni we-lumbar ne-thoracic;
   • enze ukuphuma umoya, uvale impumulo yakhe bese edonsa amahlombe akhe - ukugcoba, ukuphonsa izandla ngezinyawo, ukugxila phambili - ukukhipha;

   • umoya wokumisa umoya we-mucosa womzimba: welula imilenze yakho ezinhlangothini, vala umlomo wakho ngokuqinile. Futhi, faka insimbi engakwesokunxele / kwesokudla ngokuhamba kancane ngangokunokwenzeka, ucindezela inkinobho ehlukile ngeminwe yakho.

Ukwelashwa kwekhwalithi yezingcingo zomzimba

Inikeza ukucoceka okuphelele nokuvuselelwa kwendawo yonke ye-mucosa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imbangela yokucinana kwamanzi. Kuze kube manje, kunamasu amaningana aphephile futhi asebenzayo ukuze kulungiswe ukuphefumula komzimba:

• ukugeza ngokusho kwe-Proetz. Ukwethulwa kwemithi yokwelashwa emlonyeni owodwa bese uphonsa ngaphandle komunye ngosizo lokusuthwa kagesi. Phakathi nenqubo, isigxobo sezinyosi sisusiwe amabhaktheriya namagciwane, izimbungulu ezinamaqanda zigezwa ngamalungiselelo okwelapha, okusiza ngokushesha ukuxubha;
• i-electrophoresis. Inqubo ehlose ukuletha izidakamizwa ezicukwaneni ngokusebenzisa isenzo samanje-izidakamizwa i-ions zisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kwi-membrane / isikhumba emangcwabeni, ngokushesha zifaka zonke izicubu nezitho ezinegazi, ukuqeda ukuvinjelwa, ukubuyisela ukuphefumula okunempilo
• reflexotherapy. Umphumela ongewona wezemvelo kumaphuzu okusebenza okuphilayo kanye nezindawo ezingaguquguquki ezikhona endaweni yesikhumba, enomthelela ophulukisayo wokuphulukisa.

Amakhambi omphakathi wokungqubuzana komzimba

Okufanelekile, ukwelashwa kokungqubuzana komzimba kufanele kuqale ngokuvakashela otolaryngologist, ozocacisa imbangela yalesi sifo nokusiza ukuthola imithi edingekayo. Uma kungekho isifiso noma isikhathi sokuvakashela udokotela, ungasebenzisa ukupheka kwabantu:

Ukuwa kwezingxenyana zomzimba:

• uthathe ijusi elisha le-beet, ijusi le-aloe, amanzi ahlanzekile ahlanzekile, hlanganisa izithako ngokulinganisela okulinganayo. I-liquid etholakalayo yokumba emakhaleni amabili 3-4 izikhathi ngosuku;
• ukuze ucindezele ngokusebenzisa umshini ugaxekile, engeza isipuni esisodwa samafutha yemifino, uhlanganise kahle, usethe eceleni amahora angu-10-12. Ukucindezela, sebenzisa njengamaconsi aso;
• hlaziya izaqathe eziphakathi, grate, cindezela ijusi, engeza inani elifanayo lemafino yemifino (engagcwaliswa). Kuhle ukuhoxisa ingxube, ukuphonsa phansi ekhaleni elilodwa ukudonsa kathathu ngosuku.

Ukwelashwa kokuvinjelwa kwezicelo zobumba

Ukufudumala kusiza ekubuyiseleni ukuphendula okungaqondakali kwezono nezindlebe zomzimba, kuhlinzekele isimo esijwayelekile, kuqede ukuphakama kwempumu. Isicelo ngasinye sidinga izindebe ezingu-0.5 zobumba obomvu obomvu: ubumba obunama-milliliters angu-250 amanzi, ukuxuba, ukushisa kuma-degree angama-60 emanzini okugeza, ngokusabalalisa ukusabalalisa nge-napkin njengesimo "butterfly", unamathisele ekhaleni efomeni elifudumele, ugcine uze uphole ngokuphelele .

Ukwelapha okunamandla ngetiyi le-mint

Brew isipuni semithi nsuku zonke nge 120-150 milliliters amanzi, udle izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku esikhundleni setiyi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuchelela nge-mint infusion ye-mucosa yangasese kanye ngosuku - izinqubo zinciphisa ukuzwela kwe-mucosa kuya kwesinye isikhathi.

Ukuphuza amazambane ngokumelene nesithiyo

Bilisa amazambane ngaphandle kokukhipha amanzi. Yenza ukuphulukiswa imizuzu engu-15-20 njalo ngosuku. Okubalulekile: ngesikhathi senqubo, awukwazi ukumboza ikhanda lakho ukuze ugweme ukuvuvukala. Inkambo ejwayelekile yokwelashwa yizinsuku ezingu-10-12, uma kunesidingo, ukuphinda.

Ukwelashwa kokuvinjelwa ngamanzi okugeza

Thatha isipuni semifino eyomile ye-camomile, uthele ama-milliliters angu-250 amanzi abilayo, ugcizelele imizuzu engu-20-25. Phakathi nenqubo, dweba iketshezi lempumputhe imizuzwana engu-7-10. Pheka kabili ngeviki ukupheka, ukwenza ukuphathwa okungekho emaminithini angama-5.

Ukuvimbela ukucinana kwamanzi

• ukunciphisa oxhumana nabo neziguli ezinokuphefumula okubangelwa ukuphefumula;
• ukwelashwa kwezifo ngesikhathi esifanele, umphimbo, impumulo;
• Ukungeniswa kokungenelela okukhulu emgodini wezintambo, ukulimala ebusweni / ekhaleni;
• ukugcinwa komswakama omkhulu womoya endaweni yokuhlala;
• Ukulungiswa kwezimo eziphuthumayo esakhiweni sekhala;
• ukwenqaba imikhuba emibi, ukuhamba njalo emoyeni omusha;
• ukunamathela ezimisweni zokudla okunengqondo.

Ukuxubana nge-nasal yisifo esibuhlungu kakhulu isimo somzimba futhi sinciphise izinga lokuphila njenge-ischemic isifo senhliziyo noma ubuhlungu bokubuyela emuva. Ungaqali lesi sifo, ususe njalo izimpawu ngamaconsi e-vasoconstrictor, engozini yokuthola izinkinga ezinkulu. Odokotela batusa ngokuqinile ukuthi uma izibonakaliso zokuqala zokukhathazeka zivela, thintana nodokotela, uhlolwe bese uthatha ukwelashwa.