Izingane zivame ukuthola isifo sohudo. Njalo lapho thina-abazali besaba. Kuyaqondakala - umntwana uyakhala, isisu sakhe sibuhlungu, isitoreji sinamafutha, ngezinye izikhathi angakwazi ngisho nomkhuhlane. Kuyini lokhu kuhlaselwa? Kuvela ukuthi "ukuhlaselwa" kulokhu kungaba okuhlukile. I-diarrhea ingabangelwa izimbangela ezihluke ngokuphelele. Ifomu eliyingozi kakhulu nelingajabulisayo lesi sifo yisifo sohudo esithathelwanayo. Akayekanga ngisho nezingane ezincane kunazo zonke, eziletha ukuhlupheka kubo kanye nabazali babo. Ngakho-ke, yisifo sohudo esithathelwanayo ezinganeni nokuthi singabhekana kanjani nayo? Lo mbuzo ungasuka ngamunye wethu, futhi ngesikhathi esingaphansi kakhulu.
Izimbangela zesifo sohudo esithathelwanayo esithinta izingane.
- Ukutheleleka emathunjini kuyimbangela evamile (igama lezokwelapha lokutheleleka emathunjini - i-gastroenteritis)
Igciwane yisisusa esivamile sesifo sohudo esithathelwanayo. Futhi, akayedwa. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamagciwane, amagama aqondile anganikeza incazelo ekhethekile. Into eyinhloko okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ama-virus ahlukene asakazwa kalula kusuka kumuntu kuya komuntu oxhumana naye oseduze noma uma, isibonelo, umuntu olelekile ulungiselela ukudla kwabanye. Ikakhulukazi bancike ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala.
Uketshezi kokudla (ukudla okungcolile) kubangela ezinye izimo zokuhuda. Izinhlobo eziningi zama-bacteria zingabangela uketshezi kokudla. Isibonelo esivamile yi-salmonella.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okungcolile ngama-bacteria noma ezinye izifo-mzimba kuyimbangela evamile yokuhuda, ikakhulukazi emazweni anesimo sokungcola kahle.
- Izimbangela ezingezona ezithathelwanayo zesifo sohudo asivamile kubantu. Isibonelo, i-colitis (ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu), ukubekezelelana kokudla kanye nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene ezingavamile zamathumbu.
Izimpawu zesifo sohudo esithathelwanayo esithathelwanayo ezinganeni.
Izimpawu zingabuka ekuphuculeni kwesisu esiswini usuku noma ezimbili ukuya kwesifo sohudo esinamandla kakhulu izinsuku eziningana noma ngaphezulu. Izinhlungu zesisu zomzimba zivamile. Ubuhlungu bungakhululwa isikhathi esithile ngemuva kokuya endlini yangasese. Futhi, ingane ingase ihlangane nokuhlanza, umkhuhlane kanye nekhanda.
I-diarrhea ivame ukuhlala izinsuku eziningana noma ngaphezulu. Isitoreji se-liquid singaphikelela isonto noma ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokuba sibuyele evamile. Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zihlala isikhathi eside.
Izimpawu zokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi.
Ukuhuda isisu nokuhlanza kungabangela ukuphela kwamanzi (ukungabi namanzi emzimbeni). Xhumana nodokotela wakho uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho iyancipha. Indlela elula yokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi ngokuvamile yamukelwa futhi, njengoba umthetho, idlula kalula futhi ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthatha uketshezi ngaphakathi. Ukwehla kwamanzi omzimba kungase kubulale uma kungashiywa kungaphathwa kabi, ngoba umzimba udinga inani elithile lomkhuhlane ukusebenza.
- Izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emanzini zihlanganisa: ukwehlisa inani lomchamo, umlomo owomile kanye nolimi, amehlo aqhekekile, ubuthakathaka, ukuthukuthela noma ukuphelelwa amandla.
- Izimpawu zokuphefumula kwamanzi emanzini zihlanganisa ukulala, isikhumba esikhuphukile, izandla ezibandayo nezinyawo, ukuphefumula ngokushesha. With izimpawu ezinjalo, kudingeka usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo!
Ukudambiswa kwamanzi kungenzeka ukuthi kwenzeke ku:
- Izingane ezincane - ikakhulukazi ezineminyaka eyizinyanga eziyisithupha.
- Noma yiliphi izingane ezingaphuzi ngokwanele ukuze uhudo oluvuthiwe.
- Noma yiliphi izingane ezine-sohudo elinamandla nokuhlanza.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sohudo esithathelwanayo ezinganeni.
Izimpawu zivame ukuxazululwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma kunjalo, ngoba amasosha omzimba avame ukuhlanzwa ekutheleleni. Okulandelayo yizinyathelo zokusiza zokuqala zokuhambisa isifo sohudo:
Uketshezi. Vumela ingane yakho isiphuze okuningi.
Umgomo ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi noma ukwelapha ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi uma sekuvele kuthuthukile. Kodwa khumbula: uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho idonswe amanzi - kufanele uthintane nodokotela noma kunjalo! Udokotela uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele ukhiqize uketshezi oluningi. Ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, ngehudo, ingane yakho kufanele isiphuze okungenani kabili njengoba ijwayele ukuphuza emini. Futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, njengesiqondiso, qiniseka ukuthi umnika isiphuzo emva kwesinye isitoreji sokwemvelo sokwenza izinga le-fluid elahlekile:
- Izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kweminyaka emibili: 50-100 ml (kusukela engxenyeni kuya kwesigamu ingilazi) yamanzi.
- Izingane ezineminyaka engu-2-10: 100-200 ml (kusuka kwesigamu kuya kwesinye ingilazi) yamanzi.
- Izingane ezindala: zimanzi amaningi njengoba zifuna, kepha zingaphansi kuka-200 ml.
Uma ingane igula, linda 5-10 imizuzu, bese uqala ukunikeza uphuzo futhi, kodwa ngesilinganiso esincane (isibonelo, izinkezo ezimbalwa njalo imizuzu 2-3). Noma kunjalo, inani lemali elidakiwe kufanele libe liphakeme nakakhulu.
Ukuphuza izidakamizwa kuhle ukuhuda. Zithengiswa ngezikhwama ezikhethekile ezingathengwa kuma-pharmacy. Zingatholakala nangemithi ekhokhwayo. Uvele uhlaziye okuqukethwe kwe-sachet yamanzi. Iziphuzo zokuvuselela amanzi zihlinzeka ngokulinganisela kwamanzi, usawoti kanye noshukela. Bangcono kunamanzi okuphuza alula. Isamba esincane ushukela nosawoti kuvumela amanzi ukuba afakwe kangcono emathunjini angene emzimbeni. Lokhu kuphuza kungcono ekuvinjeni noma ekwelapheni kokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi. Ungasebenzisi iziphuzo ezenziwe ngokuzenzela - inani losawoti noshukela kufanele libe nenembile! Uma iziphuzo zokuvuselela amanzi zingatholakali kuwe, vele unike ingane ingane njengesiphuzo esiyinhloko. Kungcono ukunganiki iziphuzo eziqukethe ushukela omkhulu. Bangakwazi ukwandisa isifo sohudo. Isibonelo, gwema ama-juice wezithelo, i-colas noma ezinye iziphuzo ze-carbonated kuze kube sekugcineni isifo sohudo.
Ukwelashwa kokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi yiyona nto yokuqala. Kodwa-ke, uma ingane yakho ingagculiswa (amacala amaningi), noma uma ukuphelelwa yisikhathi sekuqedile kakade, ungabuyisa ingane ekudleni okujwayelekile. Ungadlali ingane enesifo sohudo esithathelwanayo! Lokhu bekuye kwalulekwa ngisho nodokotela, kepha manje kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi lena yindlela engafanele! Ngakho:
- Izinsana ezibelethwe kufanele ziqhubeke nokuncelisa uma zithatha. Lokhu kufaka ngaphezu kweziphuzo ezengeziwe zokuvuselelwa kabusha (okuchazwe ngenhla).
- Ukondla izingane ngokufanele kufanele zithole ukudla ngendlela evamile, uma zamukela. Futhi, lokhu kuhlanganisa iziphuzo ezengeziwe zokuvuselelwa kabusha (okuchazwe ngenhla).
- Izingane ezindala - zinikeze ukudla. Nokho, uma engafuni ukudla, kuhle. Iziphuzo zibaluleke kakhulu, futhi ukudla ukudla kungabambezeleka kuze kube yilapho isifiso sibuyiselwa.
Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuthatha imithi.
Akufanele unike imithi ukuyeka ukuhuda ezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12. Aphephile izingane ngenxa yezinkinga ezinkulu. Noma kunjalo, unganika i-paracetamol noma ibuprofen ukukhulula umkhuhlane noma ikhanda.
Uma izimpawu zingabi kakhulu, noma ziqhubeke izinsuku eziningana noma ngaphezulu, udokotela angase acele isampula yesitokisi. Uyothunyelwa esibhedlela ukuze abone ukuthi kukhona yini ukutheleleka ngamabhaktheriya (amabhaktheriya, ama-parasites, njll). Ngezinye izikhathi udinga ama-antibiotic noma ezinye izinhlobo zokwelapha, kuye ngokuthi imbangela yesifo.
Imithi kanye nezinkinga.
Izinkinga zihlanganisa okulandelayo:
- Ukungalingani kwamanzi nokushisa (electrolyte) emzimbeni. Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi evamile kakhulu. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngesimo esincane futhi maduzane kubuyiselwa ngokushesha lapho ingane iqala ukuthola uketshezi okwanele. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ingane ibhekene nokuqeda amandla emzimbeni omkhulu, kufanele ibekwe esibhedlela ukuze ijoke ngokuqondile uketshezi olusetshenziselwa uketshezi phakathi kwe-dropper.
- I-Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Lokhu kuyinto engavamile kakhulu. Kuyinto isifo esingabangela ukwehluleka kwezinso. Ezimweni eziningi, kubangelwa izifo zamathumbu ezibangelwa ngamagciwane.
- Izinkinga ezisebenzayo. Ngokuvamile ezinye izitho "zisabela" ekutheleleni okuvela emathunjini. Kungabangela izimpawu ezifana ne-arthritis, isikhumba sokuvuvukala, ukuvuvukala kwamehlo (conjunctivitis).
- Spread ukutheleleka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Lena umphumela wecala kakhulu.
- Ukudla okwanele kungabangela ekuthuthukiseni ezinye izifo zamathumbu.
- Ama-syndromes okuqhubekayo ehudo angabuye athuthuke, kodwa okungajwayelekile kakhulu.
- I-irritable bowel syndrome ngezinye izikhathi ibangelwa ukuhlaselwa kwesifo sohudo esithathelwanayo.
Kufanele ubone udokotela ngokushesha uma kukhona okuvela kulezi zimpawu ezilandelayo. Uma ukhathazekile:
- Ukuqeda amandla emzimbeni womntwana.
- Igazi kulesi sikhundla.
- Ukushaya isikhathi esingaphezu kosuku olulodwa noma isifo sohudo, esingasuki emva kwezinsuku ezingu-3-4.
- Ubuhlungu buyanda kakhulu.
- Ukugungqika noma ukuxosha.
- Ukutholakala kokutheleleka emazweni angaphandle.
Ukubeka ingane esibhedlela ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka uma izimpawu zinzima noma uma izinkinga ziqhubeka.
Amanye amathiphu.
Uma ingane yakho inesifo sohudo, geza izandla ngokugcwele emva kokushintsha amathayi futhi ngaphambi kokulungiselela ukudla. Okungcono, sebenzisa insipho yamanzi emanzini afudumele, kodwa ngisho nesepha eyomile, ingcono kunanoma yini. Kuzingane ezindala, uma zine-diarrhea ezithathelwanayo, okulandelayo kunconywa:
- Hlanganisa indlu yangasese njalo emva kokusetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sebenzisa ama-disinfectants (isibonelo, ama-bleaches omkhaya).
- Qiniseka ukuthi izingane zigeza izandla emva kokuya endlini yangasese. Okungcono, sebenzisa insipho yamanzi emanzini afudumele. Sula izandla zakho zome emva kokugeza.
- Ungahlanganyeli amathawula!
- Ungavumeli ukuba basize ukulungiselela abanye ukudla.
- Kumelwe baphume esikoleni, emakhaya, njll, okungenani kuze kube amahora angu-48 emva kwesiqephu sokugcina sohudo nokuhlanza.
- Akufanele bahlambe emachibini amasonto amabili ngemuva kwesiqephu sokugcina sohudo.
Kungenzeka yini ukuvimbela isifo sohudo esithathelwanayo?
Izincomo ezingxenyeni ezedlule zihlose ukuvimbela ukusabalala kokutheleleka kwabanye abantu. Kodwa, ngisho nalapho ingane ingathintana nabantu abangabazi, uma isitoreji esifanele, ukulungiselela nokupheka, inhlanzeko enhle inikezwa endlini, konke lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela izifo zamathumbu. Ngokukhethekile, hlamba njalo izandla zakho futhi ufundise izingane ukuba zenze njalo ngaso sonke isikhathi:
- Ngemuva kokuvakashela indlu yangasese (nangemva kokushintsha ama-diapers).
- Ngaphambi kokudla. Futhi, ngemuva kokucubungula inyama eluhlaza. Kungase kube khona amabhaktheriya.
- Ngemuva kokufunda engadini.
- Ngemuva kokudlala nezilwane ezifuywayo (ngisho nezilwane ezinempilo zingathatha amabhaktheriya athile).
Isilinganiso esilula sokugeza izandla njalo futhi ngokujulile, njengoba kuyaziwa, kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuthuthukisa izifo zamathumbu kanye nesifo sohudo.
Kufanele futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezingaphezulu zokuqapha. Isibonelo, gwema ukuthola amanzi nezinye iziphuzo ezingenakuphepha, futhi ungadli ukudla ngaphandle kokuwahlanza ngamanzi ahlanzekile.
Ukubeletha kuyisivikelo esithile. Ezinganeni ezazibelethwe ngamabele, amathuba okuba nesifo sohudo esithathelwanayo aphansi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezingane ezisondelene ngokudla.
Ukugonywa.
Sekuvele kutholakale ukuthi i-rotavirus iyimbangela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke yokuhuda ehulelwe ezinganeni. Kukhona umgomo osebenzayo wokulwa nokutheleleka kwe-rotavirus. Emazweni amaningi, ukugoma okumelene nalesi sifo kuyadingeka. Kodwa lo mgomo uwu "injabulo" hhayi kokushibhile. Ngakho-ke, ezweni lethu lingatholakala kuphela emitholampilo ethile ngesisekelo semali.