I-Pashmina ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-shawls ngokwabo kuloluyaboya. Nakuba lenziwe ngezikhwama kanye neziqu. Inani lentengo yamafashini aseNdiya esuka pashmina akuyona encane nhlobo. Ngakho isikhafu esincane kunawo wonke sithenga kusuka kuma-dollar ayi-35, futhi inani eliphezulu lika pashmina lingakwazi ukufinyelela nezinkulungwane eziningana zamaRandi. Into ewukuthi le uboya nama-shawls ngokwabo kwenziwa ngesandla.
Ezintabeni ze-Himalayas esifundeni saseNdiya saseKashmir, izimbuzi zikhishwa, isizwe esingavamile seCapra hircus laniger. Babuye kuthiwa ngamatshe noma ama-cashmere. Kule ndawo indawo yokushisa kakhulu, izinga lokushisa lihla ngezansi -20 0 C. Futhi ehlobo kushisa kakhulu futhi kuyomile. Futhi kungenxa yalesi simo sezulu ukuthi izimbuzi zamatshe zinezansi eside kakhulu ezifudumele ebusika. Ngentwasahlobo le ngaphansi ilahlekelwa. Abelusi bahlanza kahle le ngaphansi ngaphansi kwesisu nangentamo. Khona-ke kukhona ukwelashwa okubhaliwe koboya. Izintambo ezide kunazo zonke zikhethiwe. Lapha kulabo abashayeli baseNdiya abenziwe ngezandla kwenziwa ngesandla. Izintambo zikaPasmina zingumunwe ongajwayelekile, kodwa ziqinile futhi zifudumele. Ubuningi bayo abudluli amamitha ayi-12-14, aphindwe izikhathi ezinhlanu kunezinwele zomuntu. Ngisho nemfashini enkulu yama-Indian shawl eyenziwe nge-pashmina ingasuswa kalula ngendandatho. Futhi ama-shawls avela ku-pashmina izikhathi ezingu-8 ezishisayo kunama-shawls ezenziwe ngoboya bezimvu.
I-Pashmina ayiyona into eyenziwa yamuva. Eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezintathu ezedlule abelusi baseNdiya bazitholela izingubo ezivela kuloluboya obufudumele. Kodwa maduzane abameleli bama-castes ase-Indian aphezulu baba nesithakazelo kakhulu kulezi zambatho. Iqiniso lomlando - u-Muhammad Zahirdin Babur (ikhulu le-XVI), umsunguli wenkosi enkulu yaseMogul, wayengumdlali oshisekayo we-pashmina. U-Akbar owayengumlandeli wakhe wathola amaPhasmins amabili noma amathathu minyaka yonke e-Great Silk Road. Lezi shawls zaseNdiya zazihlotshiswe ngokucebile ngegolide futhi zihlotshwe ngamatshe ayigugu.
Abantu baseYurophu bafunda ngoPasmina kuphela ngemva kokunqotshwa kweGibithe nguNapoleon. Phakathi kweminikelo, lo mqobi wayeyi-shawl yaseNdiya yePasmina. Okuyiqiniso noma cha, kunendaba uNapoleon eyathandeka yiPasmina futhi wayibeka njengesipho kumkakhe, uJosephine. Lesi sipho sasimjabulisa kakhulu kangangokuthi emva kwesikhathi uJosephine wayenqoqo lonke lama-shawls e-Indian shades ahlukahlukene. Kusukela ngalesi sikhathi lapho ukunqoba kukaPasmina Yurophu kwaqala khona. Ekuqaleni, emidlalweni yabo yokugqoka ama-shawls kanye nama-stoles babengaba nabameli bezinkampani ezibusayo kuphela. Futhi ama-shawls aseNdiya nama-stoles azuzwa njengefa, ngokulingana nokuhlobisa emndenini.
Namuhla pashmina kufanele ube nayo. Wonke owesifazane ufuna ukuthola le nto efakwe emfashini ekhabethe lakhe. I-pashmina yemvelo imhlophe, imbala noma imbala. Kodwa ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bokudayisa, izindwangu zanoma imuphi umbala, nanoma iyiphi iphethini, zitholakala. Uboya bamanje lwenziwa ngenqubo yokunciphisula, kodwa ungathola okumvelo, okutholile. Kodwa ama-shawls we-pashmina asithambile awunamathele kakhulu, akulula kakhulu ukumboza, ukuguqula. Ungacabangi ukuthi ukunciphisa okungahambi kahle kuthinta ikhwalithi yendwangu. Akunjalo. UPasmina uhlala eqinile, efudumele futhi epholile. Esikhundleni salokho, ngokuphambene nalokho, kutholakala silkiness eyengeziwe kanye nokubushelela. Ngokuvamile isilikhi yengezwa koboya, kuze kube ngu-50%. I-pashmina enjalo ayibhekwa njengengozi, izuza ikhwalithi ehlukile. Ama-shawls aseMelika ayenziwe nge-pashmina nge-addition of silk athola i-sheen ekhangayo. I-shawl ngokwayo ilula, kodwa ifudumele futhi ilula kancane.
Uma ukhetha u-shawl waseNdiya, isikhafu noma uthathe, qaphela kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, abakhiqizi bahamba ngezinkinga, bezama ukuthengisa imikhiqizo evela ku-cashmere noma ngisho nokuvakashela i-pashmina. Emikhiqizweni enjalo ungathola okubhalwe ngokuqinisekisiwe kwe-viscose pashmina, kodwa akusizi lutho.
Namhlanje pashmina ikhiqizwa ngobukhulu obujwayelekile. 31x175 cm - isikhafu, 71x200 cm - itafula noma ukugoqa (amaRussia abiza ngokuthi i-palatine), 92x200 cm - shawl. Izindlela zokugqoka azipheli, ngaphandle kwemicabango yakho. Futhi hhayi abesifazane kuphela kodwa futhi amadoda agqoka pashmina.
Imikhiqizo yaseMelika ephathekayo eyenziwe nge-pashmina ayidingi ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kodwa ngokucophelela. Ukuhlanzwa okumile kuyathandwa. Uma unquma ukugeza i-shawl yaseNdiya, kufanele kwenziwe emanzini ekushiseni kwama-20-25 degrees. Uma amanzi ebanda kakhulu noma ashisa kakhulu, isakhiwo se-pashmina fibers siyobhujiswa. Lokhu kuzoholela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla okushisa kwe-shawl. Ukubukeka nakho kulahlekile ngokushesha.
Ukuze ugeze, khetha izinambuzane ezibuthakathaka kuphela. Geza shawl ayikwazi ukucindezelwa. Gcoba ithawula elimhlophe ngekotini ngendlela ye-tube, ukuze ithawula lithinte amanzi, ilula kancane. Bese uqondile futhi umelele endaweni egciniwe, kodwa gwema ukukhanya kwelanga. Akusekho icala musa ukufaka imikhiqizo evela ku-pashmina ukuze yomile. Ngokunakekela kahle i-pashmina izokuhlala iminyaka eminingi.