Lapho kunesono sonke
Muva nje, ososayensi baseNgilandi bathole ukuthi akukho ukuxhumana phakathi kwezakhi zofuzo nokukhuluphala. Ziningi izivivinyo ezenziwa, lapho umphumela wezakhi zofuzo ezithandweni zafundwa. Njengoba kuvela, amaphilisi engeziwe ajojowe kusuka ekutheni ukwandisa ukudla. Futhi isifiso ngokwawo sithonywa izakhi zofuzo, okuyinto ngezinye izikhathi ezithinta futhi kusuka kulo muntu njalo zizwa umuzwa wendlala.
Ngamunye wethu unezakhi ezikhiqiza i-hormoneptin. Le hormone ithumela isignali ebuchosheni bethu mayelana nokuqala kokukhathala. Emva kwalokhu, ubuchopho buyeka ukuphawula ukuthi silambile. Uma izinguquko zenzeka ngegesi eveza i-leptin, isignali ebuchosheni iyeka ukuza, futhi umuntu uyadla, adle futhi adle sonke isikhathi. Lokhu kubhekwa njengesifo esingasetshenziswa kalula ngokuhlolwa kwegazi kwamahomoni. I-Genetics iye yesaba ukudala i- "leptin" yokufakelwa. Ihlinzekwa kubantu abakhuluphele kakhulu, njenge-insulin yesifo sikashukela. Imiphumela emihle yilezi: kakade ngosuku lwesithathu ukudla kuyanciphisa, futhi isisindo siqala ukwehla ngokushesha.
Kunezimo lapho abantu bezalwa ngaphandle kwe-hormone "leptin". Kodwa kunabantu abangu-12 kuphela emhlabeni. E-Russia, akekho isiguli esinjalo esibhalisiwe. Kodwa isikhathi sokuba omunye asikwazi ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi abakho abantu abanjalo. Phela, odokotela kungenzeka ukuthi abatholanga ukuthi i-hormone ayikho.
Ukukhuluphala kuthinteka ezinye izakhi zofuzo. Isibonelo, sinesici se-genoproopiomelanocortin, umuntu unesisindo esiningi. Leli gciwane lihambisana nokukhiqizwa kweqembu lonke lezakhi zofuzo, kuhlanganise nalabo abahambisana nomqondo wokudla. Ososayensi bathole ukuthi lesi sifo sinezici zayo zangaphandle: abantu abahlukunyezwa kanjalo banamahlombe abomvu, isikhumba esikhuphukile, basheshe bakhathele. Kuphelele, abantu abangu-11 babhalisiwe ngesifo esingelapheki.
Izindlela ezinjalo zokukhuluphala, njengalaba ababili, odokotela babiza ucingo olulodwa. Lezi zakhiwo zivela kuphela ngenxa yokuhlukana kwesinye isakhi sofuzo. Namuhla, ososayensi bahlabelela izinhlobo eziningi ezingu-11 zokukhuluphala komzimba we-monogenicgen. Nokho, bambalwa kakhulu abantu abanezinkinga ezinjalo. Ngakho-ke, ungashayi i-alamu uma unenkinga ngokuqhathanisa ngokweqile. Kungcono ukubuza udokotela ukusiza ukukhomba imbangela yokukhuluphala nokubeka ukwelashwa okufanele.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zokukhuluphala ziqala ukubonakalisa ngokushesha kwengane emva kwezinyanga zokuqala zokuphila. Kakade ngonyaka, lawa bantwana anesisindo esingalawuleki nesisindo esiningi. Uma entwasahlobo ephuthumayo iqala ukuvela eneminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyisithupha noma ngaphezulu, akusiyo i-vaginas eholela ekuzuzeni isisindo. Izizathu zokuphelela zitholakala kwezinye izici. Namuhla, ososayensi baye baveza izici ezingu-430 ezithinta ukusetha.
Iboniswe ngamawele
UDkt. Claude Bouchard wenza isifundo esithakazelisayo kakhulu, lapho amawele ahlanganyela khona. Kukhethwe ama-parodobrovoltsev amaningana, abanikezwa ukudla amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ngosuku kunesidingo. Isisindo saqala ukwanda, hhayi kuphela ekuhlolweni, kodwa nakwesibili. Bonke abazalwane noma odadewabo baphinde bazuza ngokulinganayo. Kodwa uma kuqhathaniswa amaqembu ahlukene, kwavela ukuthi amanye amawele ahlanganisa isisindo esincane kakhulu kunabanye. Ngakho-ke, kubonakala sengathi ukunyuka okufanayo kwenani lamakholori ekudleni, nomsebenzi ophansi ngokomzimba emindenini ehlukene, kwaholela ekukhuleni okungazelelwe kwesisindo. Khona-ke lezi zihloko zafakwa ekudleni. Futhi futhi umphumela wawufana nokunye, ezinye zawa ngaphezu kwamanye. Isiphetho salokhu sasilula: labo abasheshe bazuza isisindo futhi balahlekelwa isisindo esibi nakakhulu, banamathele kakhulu kunamafutha.
Kusho ukuthini "ukuthinteka"? Isibonelo, abanye abantu bagcwele ngenxa ye-metabolism encane. Izinga lezinqubo zokuxilonga umzimba likhona emzimbeni wethu ezingeni lezakhi zofuzo. Okunye okungafani nakho kungenzeka. Ngokwesibonelo, kusukela esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye isizukulwane, isakhi esingaguquguquki singasakazwa, okubangela ukukhiqizwa kwesiprotheni ethile. Futhi amaprotheni ofanayo, ngokuqondene nawo, enza iqhaza ekudaleni i-enzyme yokudla. Ngakho-ke, i-enzyme ayisebenzi kakhulu futhi ngenxa yalokho uhlelo lokugaya alusebenzi kahle.
Beka yonke into ye-hormongrelina
Emzimbeni wethu kukhona i-hormone ekhethekile i-ghrelin, ephendula ngezifiso zethu. Kwabanye abantu izinga le-hormone liphakanyisiwe noma landa ukuzalwa kwe-ssamogo. Yilaba bantu abavame ukuvezwa ngokugcwele, kanye nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene ezakhiweni ze-insulin. Isenzo se-hormone ngayinye sibonakala ngezindlela ezehlukene ngamunye wethu, yingakho sinezinkinga ezahlukene zomzimba. Ngendlela, i-hormone ghrelin yenza ngaphansi kokucindezeleka ngezindlela ezahlukene. Uma umuntu egcwele, khona-ke uzobamba ukucindezeleka, futhi uma elula, khona-ke uzolahlekelwa yilamba. Kubekiwe kithi ngokwemvelo.
Kodwa odokotela bathi uma uthanda, ungakwazi ukulahlekelwa isisindo. Into esemqoka ukuguqula indlela yokuphila, ukudla kanye nemikhuba. Umsebenzi omncane wokuzikhandla uzokusiza ukuba ubuyele esimweni esivamile, futhi empilweni, ukulahlekelwa ama-kilos engeziwe kulungile.
Isakhi sofuzo esiyingozi kakhulu
Ake sithi umuntu wazalwa enesisindo esithintekayo esithinta ukuzuza kwesisindo. Esikhathini sokuqala, uzodla ukudla okunempilo nokuzivocavoca, futhi okwesibili - udle imikhiqizo ephelelwe isigamu, ukudla okunamafutha futhi ulele embhedeni phambi kwe-TV. Ucabanga kanjani, kuzo zombili izimo ukuthi umuntu uzobuyela enani elilodwa lama kilogram? Cha! Kusuka kokudla okuhlukene, inani elihlukile "lokungenwa kwamafutha ezinhlangothini" liyokhula. Ngisho nalabo bantu abafakwe ngokwezakhi zofuzo ekugcwaleni.
Ngakho-ke, singathola isiphetho esilula: konke kuxhomeke emikhubeni yethu, kanye nasemikhakheni ekhona emndenini.
Akunakunqatshwa ukuthi izakhi zofuzo ziphelile. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi sithola isisindo ngokuqondile ngenxa yalokho. Konke kuzothembela kuphela kithi - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sizothola isisindo ngokushesha noma sihlale sincane. Uma usakungabaza futhi ulahla izakhi zofuzo ngesisindo sakho esiningi, cabanga: ukuxhuma phakathi kokuzalwa kwesisindo nesisindo esinqunyiwe kusungulwa ososayensi. Ingabe inani labantu abaphelele emhlabeni liyakhula njalo? Ikhula. Kodwa kungani kungakapheli emakhulwini embalwa edlule kwakukhona isifo sokukhuluphala? Phela, izakhi zofuzo zazifanayo. Futhi ngekhulu elilodwa babengenaso isikhathi sokushintsha kakhulu. Ngakho udinga "ukumba ngokujulile". Akuwona amagciwane, kodwa indlela yethu yokuphila, ishintshile. Sesidla kakhulu ukudla okulimazayo: ukudla okunamafutha, okumnandi, okwenziwa izakhi zofuzo, futhi kutshalwa. Indlela yethu yokuphila nayo ishintshile. Saqala ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi sihlezi ngemuva kwama-TV namakhompyutha. Umsebenti wethu usuhamba njengeselula. Asinaso isikhathi sethu ngokwezemidlalo, ukuhamba nokunye okunjalo. Siphila ekucindezelweni nokucindezeleka okuqhubekayo, okungavusa futhi ukwanda kwesidlo, futhi ngenxa yokuvela kwamakhilogremu engeziwe.
Ngakho, amantombazane abathandekayo, ungalaleli izakhi zofuzo kukho konke. Thatha wena: udle kahle, ngena emidlalweni, uhola indlela yokuphila enempilo, ujabulele kancane futhi uthole ukulala ngokwanele. Khona-ke awuyikuthayipha i-kalogrammy engadingekile futhi uzohlale uhlala efomini eliphelele.