Izinhlobo ze-spirrauterine zemiklamo:
- Ama-IUD angenayo. Inguqulo engasebenzi, isizukulwane sokuqala somoya. Njengamanje, amazwe amaningi avimbela ukusetshenziswa kwama-IUD angenayo, ngoba basebenzisa imvamisa ephezulu yokuwa ngokuzenzekelayo nokuthembeka okuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nemiklamo yezizukulwane zamuva;
- equkethe ithusi. Isizukulwane sesibili, inzuzo eyinhloko ukuphatheka okwanelisayo, ukusebenza kahle, ukukhululeka kokusungulwa / ukususwa;
- i-IUDs ene-hormone. Isizukulwane sesithathu semiklamo, enezinzuzo zokubeletha ngomlomo kanye ne-IUD. Zimelela izakhiwo ezinemihlobiso engu-T, umlenze wayo ugcwele i-levonorgestrel noma i-progesterone. Zinomthelela wendawo onenjongo embranini yomshukela we-cervix, amashubhu we-uterine, i-endometrium. Izinzuzo: ukwehla kweziqephu zezifo ezivuthayo ezitholakala ngokocansi, ukunciphisa i-hyperpolymenorrhea. Okuncane: ukwanda kwamanzi okuphuma ngaphakathi.
Izinzuzo zedivayisi ye-intrauterine:
- ukuthembeka okuphezulu kokukhulelwa;
- I-spiral iklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside (iminyaka emi-5-9);
- izindleko ezingabizi, inqubo yokungena esheshayo;
- ayinayo umphumela omubi ohlelweni lomzimba;
- ikhono lokukhulelwa emva kokususwa kwe-spiral libuyiselwa phakathi kwemijikelezo eyodwa noma emibili yokuya esikhathini;
- okunye okufanelekile okulungile kwabesifazane abaphikisana nokukhulelwa ngomlomo, nokubeletha abesifazane emva kweminyaka engama-35;
- kunciphisa ingozi yokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic;
- IUD ayizizwa ngesikhathi se-coitus, ayiphazamisi nabalingani.
Izinkinga:
- abesifazane abanobucayi bokuphila ngokocansi basengozini enkulu yokuvuvukala;
- amathuba okuxoshwa (ukuwa);
- ekufakweni okungalungile kwe-acyclic spotting, ubuhlungu bunokwenzeka;
- IUD ayivikeleki ekutheleleni kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza kanye nezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi;
- ayifanele abesifazane abesilisa abanesihlungu futhi abade isikhathi eside;
- phakathi nezinyanga zokuqala ezimbili zokusetshenziswa, i-IUD iphakamisa ukugeleza kokuya esikhathini;
- ukufakwa / ukususwa kwenziwa kuphela ngumjozi wezifo zokwelapha.
Isimiso sokusebenza
Imithini (isiliva / igolide) nemiklamo yepulasitiki ivimbela umsebenzi obalulekile we-spermatozoa, okwenza kube nzima ukutshala iqanda, ukuguqula ukuguquguquka komzimba we-endometrium, okuvimbela ukufakwa kweqanda elivundisiwe. IUD ivuselela ukuphazamiseka kwezibeletho zesisu nesigqila, ngenxa yokuthi iqanda elikhushulayo lifika ngaphambi kwesikhathi esibelethweni: i-endometrium ayilungele ukuthola iqanda, i-trophoblast ayilungile, ngakho-ke ukungenwa kwemvelo kungenakwenzeka. Ngokumelene nesimiso samahomoni ane-IUD, i-viscosity ye-secretion yomlomo wesibeletho iyanda, ngenxa yokuthi ukufuduka kwe-spermatozoa nge-tublopian tubes kanye nesibindi kuyancipha, ukuvuthwa kugxiliwe.
Imiyalo yokusetshenziswa
Ukukhethwa, isingeniso, ukususwa kwe-IUD kwenziwa ngumjozi wezifo zamasosha. Isingeniso senziwa ngesikhathi sokunyuka kokuya esikhathini, ngosuku lwe-1-2 lomjikelezo - lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuhlukunyezwa okuncane komsele womlomo wesibeletho. Ukwethulwa kwe-intrauterine ukuvunguza kwensimu yomsebenzi nokukhipha isisu okungavumelani kuyamukeleka.
Izimo zokufaka i-helix:
- ukuhlolwa komzimba wezifo zokwelapha;
- i-colposcopy enwetshiwe;
- Ama-smear e-flora yomsele womlomo wesibeletho kanye nesiswini;
- smears on oncocytology;
- imiphumela ye-ultrasound ukuhlolwa kwezitho zomzimba.
Indlela yokuphatha:
- ngosizo lwezibuko, uvule umlomo wesibeletho, uphilise i-disinfect, uqonde i-foreleg nge-forceps;
- i-uterine cavity iyalinganiswa nesondlo se-uterine;
- setha ukuvuthwa emgodini wesibeletho;
- ukusika izintambo ze-IUD, ukususa i-forceps, ukukhipha imishanguzo yegazi, ukubeka imithi yokwelashwa kwama-antibiotic.
Ukuphikisana okungaqondile:
- ukuvuvukala okungapheli / okunamandla kwezici zofuzo;
- ukuphuma kwe-uterine yokubeletha kwemvelaphi engaziwa;
- ukukhulelwa (okusolwa / okuqinisekisiwe);
- i-oncology yezocansi, i-uterine fibromatosis, i-stenosis yomlomo wesibeletho;
- i-ectopia, isisu se-polyp, i-cervicitis;
- isibazi esibelethweni, ukukhubazeka kwesibeletho;
- ukukhula, ukuguqulwa kwegumbi lesisu.
Ukuphikisana okuhlobene:
- ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic ku-anamnesis;
- ukungabi nabasebenzi esikhathini esidlule;
- i-anemia engapheli, i-endometrial pathology;
- i-hyperpolymenorrhea, ingozi enkulu yezifo zobulili.
Umphumela wesici:
- ubuhlungu emgodini wesisu ngemuva / ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwe-spiral;
- i-bradycardia, ukutholakala kwe-iron anemia;
- ukubonakala okuzenzekelayo phakathi komjikelezo;
- isikhumba ukusabela okwehla, izifo ezithathelwanayo ze-urinary tract.
Izimo ezidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha:
- ukucindezeleka okukhulu emathunjini aphansi;
- ukuphakama okubukhali kokushisa ngokulandelana kobuhlungu;
- ukuya esikhathini, ukuguquka okukhulu;
- incazelo yedivaysi ye-intrauterine ebesini;
- ukuguqulwa kwodonga lwe-uterine lwesibeletho;
- i-pelvioperitonitis, i-salpingo-oophoritis / i-endometritis.
Idivayisi engcono kakhulu ye-intrauterine
Kunamagama amaningi nabakhiqizi be-Navy, ethandwa kakhulu yi-Juno, iMirena, Multiload, Nova T:
- I-Mirena. I-Hormonal IUD, emva kokufaka ukuqala ukukhulula ngokushesha i-levonorgestrel, okuvimbela ukukhulelwa. Izinga elijwayelekile lokukhululwa kwe-hormone liyi-14 mg / ngosuku iminyaka emihlanu;
- Juno bio T. Ekhiqizwa umkhiqizi waseRussia, inguqulo engabizi kakhulu futhi ethembekile yemiklamo ekhona emakethe;
- Ukulayisha okuningi. IU-semi-ovoid IUD nge-protrusions kumacebiso, okwenza kube nokulungiswa okunokwethenjelwa kwesakhiwo ezindongeni zesisu;
- I-Nova T. Inomumo ohlotshisiwe we-T, okwenza ukufakwa kube nzima kakhulu futhi kube lula.
Ukuzisebenzisela kwe-Navy akuvumelekile. Khetha uhlobo olwamukelekayo lwedivaysi ye-intrauterine futhi ulifake ngokufanele emgodini we-uterine kuphela umjovo wezifo zogciwane.