Uma ugcina kahle zonke izimo ze-begonia ukulima, khona-ke isitshalo sithinteke kakhulu izifo nezinambuzane. Ezimweni eziningi, izifo nezinambuzane ze-begonias ziyabonakala ekushiseni okushisa futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi.
Izifo ezingathinta u-begonia
Ukubola okumnyama kuthinta u-begonia futhi usakazeka ekushiseni okuphezulu kanye nomswakama ophezulu. Emaqabunga, amahlumela kanye nezimbali zezitshalo ezinamanzi amhlophe ahlanzekile nge-grayish bloom zakhiwa. Ngenxa yalokho, la mabala ahlanganiswe nokubola okumanzi okumnyama. Izitshalo zesitshalo kulokhu zibolile, futhi amaqabunga aphendulela amnyama futhi aphenduke. Ukumisa lesi sifo, isitshalo sidinga ukuhlanzwa nge-mix-soap (2 grams of sulfate sethusi kanye nesisombululo samanzi nesobho lokuhlanza - ama-gram angu-20 ngalinye ilitha lamanzi). Uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu kumbali, kutuswa ukusebenzisa i-fungicide.
Kulimaza isitshalo se-powdery isikhutha. Lithinta sonke isitshalo (ngenhla ingxenye). Okokuqala uvele emaqabunga amacembe ngokuthinta okumhlophe, ngemuva kokuba umquba usakaze kuso sonke isitshalo. Amaqabunga aphikisana futhi kancane kancane. Ikamelo lapho imbali ikhula khona kufanele ibe yomoya futhi ivule kahle. Ukuze ususe lesi sifo, sebenzisa ukusifiphaza kwesitshalo ngesisombululo sethusi-insipho ye-tar enqunywe ilitha lamanzi (amagremu angu-20) no-2 amagremu we-sulfate yethusi. Futhi, isisombululo se-soda (ilitha ngalinye lamanzi amagremu ama-soda) sisebenza futhi. Lesi sitshalo sihlanzwa futhi nesisombululo se-potassium permanganate (amagremu ama-5 ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi).
Lapho i-begonia ihlula i-patchiness yebhaktheriya, amabala amancane amancane angilazi angaphansi kwamagatsha. Ngokusakazeka kwalesi sifo, amaqabunga abe nsundu, futhi izimbali nama-petioles amaqabunga aphenduka abamnyama. Kulesi simo, izitshalo ezithintekile kufanele zibhujiswe, inhlabathi kufanele ikhutshazwe nge-disinfected. Ukuvimbela ukubola kwebhaktheriya, i-begonia kufanele ifakwe nge-suspension ye-chloride yethusi (0.5%). Phinda lokhu ukwelashwa emavikini amabili.
Izinambuzane eziyingozi ze-begonia
Ukuze i-begonias, ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane kuyinkathazo eyingozi. Lesi yisinambuzane esincane (3-4 mm ubude). Insikazi ingenasiphelo, ingenalutho, izitho zomlomo ezisondayo. Ihlanganiswe nesihlangu esincane esibomvu samagundane we-ash. Izibungu ezinambuzane zihamba kalula kuze zihlanganise nesitshalo. Ezimweni eziningi, lezi zinambuzane zihlala emithanjeni nasemaphethelweni amaqabunga, iziqu kanye nama-petioles, ngenxa yalokho amaqabunga aphelile futhi ahlukaniswe. Uma lezi zinambuzane zisakaze kakhulu, i-begonia ihlanganiswe nama-sugate isolates. Kulezi zinkokhelo, ukuthunjwa okumnyama kanye ne-sooty fungi kungasakazeka. Isitshalo esithintekayo siqhakaza kabi futhi sikhula. Ezimweni zendawo yokushisa, izinambuzane ezinjalo zikhiqiza unyaka wonke, zinika izizukulwane ezingu-3-4.
Ekhaya nasezikhungweni zensimu, lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo zithathwa ukulwa nesisu. Ngokuzenzekelayo, nge-shayela elithambile, lesi sitshalo sihlanzwa futhi sihlanzwa nge-infusion ye-pyrethrum noma i-garlic (ama-gramu ayi-10 ilitha ngalinye lamanzi). Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa, ukwelashwa kuphindaphindiwe. In the begonia beghouse abamba ukushisa uphethwe ngekhambi 0.1% hostakvik, 0.1% actinel, 0.2% chlorophos. Ukwelashwa kuphindwe futhi ngokumelene nezibungu emva kwamasonto amabili. Ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba.
I-whitefly iyingozi kakhulu e-begonia. Kuyinto inambuzane encane elimaza amaqabunga. Izimpungushe ezifakwe yizinsikazi zihlezi eceleni kweqabunga. Kusukela e-begonia bayawusisa ijusi, ngenxa yalokho, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi bese ewela embali. Ngokuphumelelayo ukulawula i-whitefly, isisombululo sesobho (ama-40 amagremu ngalinye ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi) sisetshenziswa. Spray lesi sitshalo njalo, kuze kube yilapho inkathazo ishabalaliswa ngokuphelele.
Amahlumela amancane, izimbali namaqabunga aseBetonia alimaza ama-aphid, aphuza ijusi kusuka ezitshalweni. Ngenxa yalokho, amaqabunga, kanye namafihlethi nezimbali ziyawa. Ama-aphid aphinde asakaze ngaphansi kwengqikithi yamaqabunga, eshiya ukushiya okushukela ngemuva kwabo. Ngokumelene nalesi sifo singasebenzisa ukumnika amaqabunga amazambane (amahora angu-4, gcizelela i-kilogram yamaqabunga ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi). Ukuphumelela ngokumelene ne-aphid kuyisisombululo sensipho yasendlini (amalitha ayi-10 wamanzi 200 amagremu ensipho). Ungasebenzisa futhi ukumnika we-anyanisi ikhasi (amalitha ayi-10 amanzi afudumele kanye no-200 amagremu we-anyanisi ahlutshiwe). Ungancibilikisa ama-10 amalitha amanzi afudumele ngamagremu angu-100 kagalikhi kanye no-100 amagremu anyanisi. Spray isitshalo nalesi sinkombululo Kunconywa kathathu.