Amaphesenti angama-15% wabesifazane namadoda angu-6% ahlukunyezwa yi-migraine, isimo lapho ukunyuka kwesinye nokukhushulwa ngokweqile kweminye imishanguzo ye-cerebral kuholela enhlokweni ekhanda elilodwa eliqinile. I-Migraine ingenye yezimbangela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokukhubazeka okwesikhashana. Kunezimbangela nezinhlobo eziningana zekhanda. Izinwele zingase zihlotshaniswe, isibonelo, ngokutheleleka ngegciwane. Ziyini izimbangela zekhanda njalo?
Ukuhlonza
Ngenhloso yokuhlolisisa udokotela, udokotela uchaza ngokuningiliziwe uhlobo lwekhanda, ikakhulukazi isikhathi sokuqala, indawo yangempela, amandla, ubude kanye nenhlalakahle jikelele yesiguli.
Ukuhlukaniswa
Izinhlobo ezivelele kunazo zonke zamakhanda:
- Ukukhanda ikhanda. Lona uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokunciphisa ikhanda lokunciphisa ikhanda lokunciphisa. Umuntu uzwa umuzwa wengubo yokuqinisa ekhanda lakhe. Ubuhlungu obunjalo buhlala izinsuku eziningana futhi buqinise emini.
- Inhloko ye-Cluster (isibopho). Ngokuvame ukubonwa emadodeni. Lona ubuhlungu obuqinile obulodwa bomzimba we-paroxysmal nature. Igcina imizuzu engu-20-60 futhi ingaba yonyaka. Ngokuvame ukuhambisana nokukhala nokubuyiselwa kwamehlo, kanye nokungqubuzana kwamanzi. Umuntu angavuka kuye izikhathi eziningana ngobusuku.
- Insizwa yansuku zonke engapheli (ehlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili ngenyanga ngayinye). Kungabandakanya nokudla ngokweqile kwezidakamizwa ezine-caffeine.
- I-Migraine. Iqala njengokuhlaselwa, okuhlala isikhathi eside amahora angu-4-72. Ukuhlasela kwe-migraine kuvame ukulandelwa i-aura (isisindo sezimpawu ze-neurologic). Ubuhlungu obukhulu obukhulu noma obukhulu obungasetshenziswa buhambisana ne-nausea. Ukuphuluka okungenzeka kwezimpawu ekukhanyeni okukhulu, umsindo kanye nezenzo ezilula.
Izizwe ezimbi
Njengoba isimo sezinhlungu njalo, abantu baqala ukuthatha isifo esithile esibi kakhulu, njenge-tumor yobuchopho noma isisu. Izimpawu ezinokwenzeka zezimo zingaba:
- ukuhlanza okungenakuqeda ikhanda;
- izimpawu ze-neurological (kubandakanya ukuxuba).
Ezinye izici okufanele zibhekiswe zihlanganisa:
- ukuphathwa ikhanda njalo emntwaneni;
- ubuhlungu lapho uthinta isifunda sendawo, okungenzeka kube uphawu lwe-arteritis yesikhashana (ukuvuvukala komthambo wesikhathi). Lesi sifo siphathwa nge-corticosteroids. Ezimweni eziningi, abantu bayabhekana nokuphathwa ikhanda ngokwabo. Bayazi ukuthi kuyini imbangela yayo nokuthi yini okufanele kwenziwe ukuze kuvimbele, futhi ube nemithi ebabasizayo, futhi engavamile ukubonana nodokotela. Imithi evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yi-acetylsalicylic acid, i-acetaminophen ne-ibuprofen. Imithi ehlanganisiwe equkethe i-codeine iyabiza futhi, uma ihlukunyezwa, ingabangela ukuphathwa ikhanda okungapheli nsuku zonke. Ukuvimbela ikhanda kuhlanganisa ukulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila:
- ukuhambisana nokudla;
- umbuso wokudla;
- ukulala ngokwanele nokuvuka;
- ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka.
I-anesthetics
Ukuphathwa ikhanda kungaphenduli kuma-analgesics, njenge-acetaminophen, ikakhulukazi ekuguquleni ubuhlungu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela ubeka: domperidone - ukunciphisa izinambuzane; i-amitritiline i-anti-depressant, ejwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukuphathwa ikhanda; i-valproate ye-sodium - i-agent ye-antiepileptic, ebuye isetshenziselwe ubuhlungu bokucindezeleka. Imithi ye-Antimigraine ihlanganisa: i-ergotamine, i-5HT receptor agonist, inconywa ukuthi isetshenziselwe ukusetshenziswa kweziguli ezine-heartchem ischemic ne-hypertension. Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa kwezikhwama zekhanda, misela: ama-agonists we-receptor ngesimo se-spray noma ama-injection; I-corticoids yomlomo - ukudlala nsuku zonke amasonto amabili kuzosiza nge-head beam headache.
Ezinye izinhlobo zokwelapha
Imithi yokwelapha, njenge-osteopathy, i-acupuncture, i-aromatherapy, i-massage ne-homeopathy, iyathandwa kakhulu nalabo abanenkinga. Uma ukuhlasela kwe-migraine kuhlotshaniswa nomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini (abesifazane abangu-14% abahlukunyezwa yi-migraine ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini), kungenziwa ukunconywa kwe-hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kwe-hormone, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imithi yokubeletha ngomlomo noma i-HRT, kufanele isetshenziswe yilabo abahlukunyezwa yi-migraine, ngokucophelela, ngoba bavame ukushaywa yisifo, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona lesi sifo emndenini. Nikeza noma yikuphi ukubikezela kokuhlupheka ikhanda elingapheli kunzima kakhulu. Iphuzu elihle ukuthi izimpawu zivame ukulawula ukuvila, kepha izinhlungu zivele zivele njalo. I-Migraine ingahlushwa umuntu oneminyaka engama-20 elala noma ngaphezulu. Abesifazane basengozini enkulu yezinsizwa ngezikhathi ezithile zokuphila, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuya esikhathini. Ngokuhlaselwa njalo kwe-migraine, ukuphendula okungenele ukwelashwa kanye nomthelela wobuhlungu endleleni yokuphila, kungenzeka ukubeka izidakamizwa ngokuqhubekayo ukunciphisa imvamisa yokuhlaselwa. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-propranolol, i-atenolol ne-pisotifen isetshenziswa. Cishe isigamu seziguli ezithatha lezi zidakamizwa zithola ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo. Ukunciphisa imvamisa yezinsizakalo zekhanda kusiza isilondolozi se-calcium yesiteshi se-verapamil.