Futhi imidwebo ihamba- njengokungathi i-tank idlule. Kungani abanye abantu behlala kalula futhi abanye kunzima? Ubani ukuphikisana okuwumthombo wedrayivu? Indlela yokuqeda inhlanganisela yenjabulo engafanele, ngoba izinhlobo ezinzima nezilula zabantu zikhona njalo.
Futhi endaweni yami, futhi endaweni yakho, kunabantu abanobucayi nabakhulu. Ekuqaleni, kubonakala sengathi akukho ubunzima, abathwali muntu ngezinkinga zabo, bajabule ngokuphathelene nokuphila, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - bonke bayithola. Futhi kukhona abantu abangazange bakhononde ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa ngandlela-thile konke okwenzeka kubo kubonakala njengomthwalo. Akuzona izifiso futhi abanethemba, kodwa, njengoba ngikuqonda, abantu abazizwa bephila ngokuhlukile: abanye njengesipho sikaNkulunkulu, njengomthombo wenjabulo, abanye njengesivivinyo, ngisho nomsebenzi. Ngibiza laba bantu ngokuthi "Mozart noSalieri" noma "amavolontiza nezintambo". Uhlu lwami luhambisana kanjani nesayensi? Futhi kanjani, kusukela endaweni yokubuka kwengqondo, ingabe kulungile kakhulu ukuhlala - njengovemvane noma indlovu?
Ngenhlanhla, ngokuqondene nokukhathazeka kwengqondo yomuntu, isayensi ayiqapheli izindinganiso ezinzima zezinhlobo ezinzima nezilula zabantu. Ukunethezeka noma ubunzima bomuntu kuxhomeke ezintweni ezintathu: izindawo zobuntu bakhe, uhlobo lokuziphendulela kanye nefilosofi yokuphila. Akunakwenzeka ukusho ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lomlingiswa nesithombe sombukiso wezwe okulungile. Indlela ngayinye yokuxhumana nezwe iqinisile, ngoba ihambisana nomuntu othile, izici zakhe ze-psychophysiological. Ngakho-ke ungalindeli kuma-psychologists impendulo engaqondakali yombuzo. Kodwa izafilosofi zahlukaniswa ngamakamu amabili. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ukuphila kulula, abanye kunzima. Ngokwesibonelo, izazi zefilosofi zasendulo zamaGreki zathi:
"UNkulunkulu uhlala kalula." Kusho ukuthi abantu abalula baphumelela, futhi bafinyelela e-Olympus. UFriedrich Nietzsche, ngokuphambene nalokho, wathi: "Yilabo kuphela abathwele izinkathazo, abangakwazi ukuzala inkanyezi yokudansa" - ngokubona kwakhe, umuntu onzima kuphela ongenza okuthile okubalulekile. Nazi imibono emibili ehlukene ngokuphelele yefilosofi yokuphila.
Futhi ngemiphumela yokuphila - yiyiphi ifilosofi eyenza kakhulu?
UMozart - indoda elula kunazo zonke! Futhi umculo wakhe ufana - ukukhanya, nenhle. Futhi khumbula imisebenzi kaSchnittke - phakathi kwethu okukhulumayo, akuwona wonke umuntu oyokuma umculo omnene, onzima. Kodwa bobabili bayizihlakaniphile. Noma izingqungquthela ezinkulu ze-Yesenin ne-Pasternak. Siyazi ukuthi uBoris Leonidovich, ukukopisha imibhalo yakhe izikhathi ezingamashumi ayisihlanu ngaphezulu, wayehlushwa yilo lonke igama. Njengo-Leo Tolstoy, ngendlela. Yesenin wabhala kalula, masinyane, cishe ngaphandle kwemidwebo. Obaba bokusungula kwengqondo yeSoviet, u-Alexander Luria no-Alexei Leontiev, nabo bayisibonelo esihle. Ngisabathola, ngathola ithuba lokuya enkulumweni yabo eMoscow State University futhi ngimangele ukuthi bahluke kanjani futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo banesipho. ULuria wayengumuntu othakazelisayo, othokozelayo, eveza imibono. U-Leontief, wonke umuntu owayemazi, wabonakala ngokufushane: indoda enzima. Bobabili bangososayensi abakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kwezwe futhi ngokuphathelene nokuphila - ngokuphelele polar. Kulowo nalowo muntu kwakungokwemvelo ukuhlala kanje, futhi kungenjalo. Phela, kukhona ubuciko okumelwe bunqobe, futhi kukhona ubuciko bokugeleza. Labo abadinga ukunqoba okuthile ngaso sonke isikhathi ukugqugquzela, cishe, abantu banzima. Labo abaphefumulela imibono ngaphandle kwezingqinamba zangaphandle ezibonakalayo bangabizwa ngamaphaphu abantu. Ukukhuluma, enye umugqa njengama-bulldozers, amanye ahamba njengamadraflies, konke okuphathelene nezinhlobo ezinzima nezilula zabantu.
Umuntu uyabubula , uqala ukuhamba ngesonto lonke, utshela ukuthi unomatasa kakhulu, ukuthi ukuphila kunzima futhi akukho ubulungisa emhlabeni - futhi ukuxhumana naye kuyaphenduka zibe izikhonkwane. Uqala futhi uzigijime: Nkulunkulu wami, ngiyiphi iphrojekthi eyinkimbinkimbi enginayo nayo, yimuphi uhlelo olubambe iqhaza, zingaki izithiyo endleleni yethu ...
Uyazi ukuthi emkhakheni kukhona isiqondiso esinjalo - i-homeopathy. Ngakho-ke, umlobi waseMelika uFilipi Bailey encwadini yakhe, okuthiwa "i-Psychology of Psychology", ubhala ukuthi empucuko yanamuhla, kunabantu abaningi abanjengoNuksvomika: abanzima, banamathela ezinkingeni abantu abakhetha ukubala konke kusengaphambili esaba kakhulu, uma kukhona okungahambi kahle. Kungenzeka ukuthi abanye bahlushwa izifo ezingenasifo somzimba nezesisu. Futhi njengoba uFiliphu Bailey ebona, akunakwenzeka ukulungisa uhlobo lomuntu, okunjalo uhlobo lwakhe. Ngakho-ke, uqaphele kahle: abantu abathintekayo ekukhulumisaneni akulula, bacindezela futhi ngezinye izikhathi bacasula. Kodwa kukhona okungenakukhunjulwa: bayakwazi ukwenza isimiso nomsebenzi wesikhathi eside, kuyilapho abantu abakhanya bezonda.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezisusa. Isibonelo, isisusa senqubo kanye nesisusa somphumela. Noma isisusa sokwesaba nokugqugquzela injabulo. Nakhu okulula, noma okuyisimiso, isibonelo. Uma umuntu olula esebenza njengoloriki, ujabulela umgwaqo, ujabulele yonke into encane: kukhona inja ehlekayo esiteshini segesi, futhi nansi ikhofi elimnandi emgwaqweni wendlela. Uma umshayeli engumuntu okhuni, akakuboni konke lokhu, ngoba into esemqoka ukufika ngesikhathi. Isisusa sakhe asiyona injabulo, kodwa kunalokho, ukwaneliseka ngokuthi konke kuhamba ngokuvumelana nesimo. Ngokuqondene nesisusa ngenjabulo, ngokuqinisekile kubonakala kubantu abalula: balungele ukwenza okuthandayo, ngenxa yenjabulo yenkqubo ngokwayo. Kodwa isisusa sokwesaba siyadingeka kubantu abanobudlova, abanzima: bashukunyiswa isifiso sokugwema inkathazo, ukuphazamiseka. Uma siphenduka kumcibisholo weMozart, sikhumbula ukuthi uMozart wayengenaso ukuhlukumeza ngale ndaba: "Ngingabhala kanjani i-symphony, ngingayigcina kanjani?" Wayejabulela injabulo yokuthakazelisa lapho umculo wawugcoba, njengawe.
Lapha! Amagama angukhiye - "njengokungathi uqobo." Ngokuvamile ngiyaqaphela: ukubaluleka komphumela kunqunywe (noma, okungenani, kuhlangene kahle) "ngamakholi egazi" ezinhlobonhlobo zezinkinga ezinzima nezilula. Futhi uma umuntu enza konke ekuzingeleni, kulula futhi ujabule? Kuthi, imiphumela yakhe ayibalulekile kakhulu kunezenzo zalabo abazama ukuthuthumela?
Uyakwazi ukuthi yini ukuhlelwa kwengqondo lapha? Okokuqala, umuntu okunikezwa ngakho konke kalula, ngokuya phezulu, kungabangela ukuba umona ungabambisene nabo. Awucabangi ukuthi, ngokufanisayo, "indlovu" izokwazi ukubukela ngokuzithoba ukuthi i "butterfly" idlala kanjani umdlalo, okulukhuni kuye, "indlovu"? Okwesibili, abantu abanzima badinga izithiyo - bese bethi: "Kwakunzima kakhulu, kepha senza lokho!" - okwandisa ukubaluleka kwalo.
Izinselele, ukuhlelwa kwezikhathi, ukuphikisana - uhlobo lokugqugquzela, indawo yokuzalela abantu abanobunzima. Futhi uma bengenakho ukuphikisana, bayazidala ngokwabo. Ngenkathi ngichazela uVasily ukuthi abathandekayo bakhe badinga "igazi", njengoba beziveza ngokweqile, ukuzinikela kwamaphrojekthi, wabamba ikhanda lakhe: yena ngokwakhe uyindoda elula, akadingi ubunzima obengeziwe.
Sonke kwakudingeka siphathwe nge-polyclinics nezibhedlela, sonke sanikezwa izijovo. Khumbula ukuthi abahlengikazi abaphetheyo bahluke kanjani. Omunye uzomomotheka, uhlabeke - futhi ahlinzeke kalula umjovo, angazizwa ukuthi wakwenza masinyane kangakanani. Omunye u-frowns, uyagubha ikhanda lakhe: "Awu, yiziphi izivunguvungu ezimbi ... Kunzima ukuthola!" Futhi usuvele ucindezelekile, ukhathazeka - empeleni, kanjani ukuthi unemithanjeni enesibindi yento enhle ongayethemba? Ngiyahlonipha kakhulu abahlengikazi nodokotela, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ngiyaqonda ukuthi abantu abanzima emithini yezokwelapha kukhona ukucindezeleka okwengeziwe kweziguli. Bangakwazi, ngigcizelela lokhu, ngephutha ngibangela ukuhlukumezeka kokuziphatha okungenakulinganiswa kumuntu. Ngakho-ke, indlela, le nkulumo ingukuthi "ukukhanya" nesandla "esinzima". Yiqiniso, lezi zincazelo azizona zesayensi. Kodwa sonke sithatha isikhathi lapho kufanele sibhekane nabantu "abanzima" abanjalo - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyidokotela noma unwele wezinwele. Futhi sizama ngamabomu ukugwema oxhumana nabo abanjalo.
Njengoba ngikhumbula , ngokusho kukaFreud, injabulo ilandela emva kokuhlukunyezwa. Okusho ukuthi, injabulo ngumvuzo okufanele uzuze. Futhi ngenye indlela akunakwenzeka? Akusiyo yini le "insizwa ye-soviet" yenjabulo engafanelekile umuntu azizwa engafaneleki into enhle?
Izizathu zingaba ngokoqobo kwengqondo (ukuzithoba, ukuzithokozisa ngokwanele), kanye nomthethosisekelo (uhlobo lomzimba kanye nohlobo lwesimiso sezinzwa), i-hormonal, ne-sociocultural. UMark Burno, udokotela wezifo zengqondo owaziwayo waseRussia, wabhala: abantu abasenyakatho banesisindo sengqondo, abaseNingizimu asencane. Ngeke yini kube kuhle kithi ukubheka amaCubans, amaNtaliyane, amaGreki ukuqonda: incazelo yokuphila ayikho ekuhluphekeni, incazelo yokuphila ikhona empilweni ngokwazo? Njengengcweti yengqondo ngiyakwazi ukuphawula ngesiphetho esenziwa nguFreud: ngokuba uhlobo oluthile lwabantu, injabulo ilinganiswa ngemali yomzamo owenziwe ekufezeni umphumela. Kodwa lokhu akuwona umthetho kuwo wonke umuntu. Lona umbono wezohlobo.
Ukubuyiselwa amandla yikhono lomuntu lokudlulisela isisusa somsebenzi kusuka enkambisweni kuya emphumela futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Umuntu ophendukile angakha kabusha izinhlelo zakhe, abukeze amashejuli akhe futhi angalokothi ayeke lapho. Ukukhipha isihloko esisodwa empilweni, uthola okuqukethwe okuhlukile, incazelo ehlukile. I-rigid, okungukuthi, eqinile, engaqondakali kahle, ishaya ngendlela eyodwa, njengombhali we-injini engunaphakade. Noma, esefinyelele umgomo obekiwe, uzizwa ungenangqondo futhi ungenalutho empilweni, ngoba ngombono wakhe akukho lutho okumelwe ukwenze.
Futhi nangu umbuzo othakazelisayo. Uma kukhona "indlovu" eyodwa kuphela kulabo abesilisa noma emndenini, kanti lesibili "butterfly"? Yini-ke?
Ukuzivocavoca kubonisa: uma umuntu enzima futhi umkakhe elula, umfazi uzokwazi ukuzivumelanisa. Njengoba owesifazane oshade naye wangitshela ngempendulo yokuthi owesifazane angenza sengathi uyashadile kuze kube yiminyaka emihlanu: "Yebo, ngizikhohlise ukuba kathathu!" Ngakho-ke, ezimweni ezinjalo, umsebenzi wesifazane ukuzola, "ukwakha" indoda ethandekayo, ukuze unciphise ukungezwani. Kodwa uma umuntu engumuntu olula, futhi owesifazane okhuni, lo mbhangqwana uwela eqenjini eliyingozi. Iqiniso liwukuthi emqondweni womndeni owesifazane udlala indima ehola phambili. Futhi "i-butterfly" yesilisa ngokuvamile ivele nje ayikwazi ukulwa nokucindezeleka okudalwa owesifazane osindayo, onzima. Yena, naye, ubonakala engenangqondo, engenangqondo, engenacala ...
Ngangiqaphele nalokhu. Abantu abakhanyayo baxoxa ngesisombululo senkinga, futhi kunzima ukuthi yinkinga ngokwayo. Nginabangane abathanda kakhulu ukuchaza ukuthi kungani bengaphumelelanga, kungani kungenakwenziwa okuthile - kunokuxoxa ngendlela engayisebenzisa ngayo.
Ngiyaqonda ukuthi ukhuluma ngani. Abanye baxoxa ngezinkinga futhi akunakwenzeka ukuxazululwa, kuyilapho abanye befuna izindlela namathuba, okulungile? Khumbula, ekuqaleni kwenkulumo esayikhuluma ngefilosofi yokuphila?
Siyavuma ngokuthembeka: emvelweni, kokubili kuyadingeka. Uma kungenjalo, uhlobo oluthile lwezilwane luye lwaphela isikhathi eside. Kodwa, uma ukhuluma ngezinzuzo nezingozi, ungasebenzisa inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi "hyperbolization." Ngamanye amazwi, uma i-hypertrophy yezibonakaliso zombili zombili izinhlobo, khona-ke ku-pole eyodwa - kulula - sithola ingqondo engaphephile yengqondo, engakhathazeki ngakho konke. Khumbula, njengoba uBrorov uthe, wadutshulwa eStolypin: "Kuyini umehluko, ngizodla ukudlala okuyishumi nambili noma impilo yami izophela manje." Futhi uma uhlotshaniswa nohlobo olunzima, uzothola ngokweqile - i-sadist noma i-masochist, okuzosho ukulwa, ukuhlupheka, ukudala ubunzima, ukunqoba, ukudiliza i-aorta nokuphule amathambo - kwabanye noma kuwe. Njengesazi sokusebenza kwengqondo, kubonakala sengathi ukungena ngokweqile kuyingozi. Ngokuqondene nokulula, futhi kumuntu osindayo, into esemqoka ukuthola "ingxenye yegolide", ukuvumelana, okuzosivumela ukuba sisebenzise izinhlangothi zethu ezinamandla nezibuthakathaka, njengezinyoni - amaphiko.
I-Protozoa ibukeka kanje. Ukuze izimvemvane:
1) ukudweba uhlelo olucacile okungenani ngesonto, ngokuqinile ukwazi ukuthi impilo iyashintsha, kodwa sizokwenza okufanayo amaphuzu wepulani, noma ukulibala;
2) unganqikazi ukwazisa abanye abantu mayelana nesikhathi semhlangano, okuyinto elula kithi, hhayi kubo;
3) ukuguqula ngezikhathi ezithile imvelo yokuhlala kanye nemvelo ukuze ubalekele endaweni evamile kanye nomphakathi;
4) siqala ikati, sizama ukukuqonda.
Ngokuba "izindlovu":
1) ukuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kwesikhathi konyaka ngezinsuku ezinemininingwane nezindawo zokuhlala;
2) sivumela abanye abantu ukuba babe nokungaqondile, ngoba banobuthakathaka, futhi sinamandla;
3) ngezikhathi ezithile sifunda ukukhethwa kwama-anecdotes, okubhekwa njengokungaboni kahle ngesizathu esithile futhi sizame ukuqonda ukuthi yini ehlekisa ngabo;
4) siqala inja futhi siyiqeqeshe. Ekupheleni, ngo-Ephreli - yisikhathi sokucabanga mayelana nokukhululeka kokuba!