Akukatholakali kakhulu, imithi iphikisana kakhulu nokukhona kwamaphupho wezingane, ephikisana ngokuthi amaphupho ayimfanelo yabantwana emva kweminyaka emithathu. Khona-ke ososayensi bathola ukuthi izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zibona amaphupho amaningi kunabantu abadala. Abanye ochwepheshe bathi ukubunjwa kwezinqubo zokulawulwa kokulala kuqala ngo-utero.
Amaphupho ayelokhu ebhekwa njengenye yezinto eziyimfihlakalo kakhulu ezingqondweni zabantu. UProfesa we-Physiology eYunivesithi yaseChicago, uNathan Kleitman nomsizi wakhe uJevgeny Aserinsky ngo-1953, ngokokuqala ngqá ngokwesayensi echaza isimo sokulala kwabantu, esinezigaba ezimbili zokushintsha: okusheshayo futhi okuphuthumayo.
Away, ama-nightmares
UPetya oneminyaka engu-5 ubudala wasuka embhede wakhe ephusheni ngokukhala futhi wandisa isandla sakhe ngasemnyango. Ngesikhathi esifanayo amehlo akhe avaliwe, waqhubeka elele. Ingane ivukile ngezinyembezi futhi yatshela ngokuphelelwa yithemba ukuthi iphuphile ngesilwane esabekayo esangena ekamelweni lakhe. Lezo zinkinga "zafika" emntwaneni ngemuva kokubukela lezi zithombe ezithelevishini kanye nabanye abafana.
Ingane ayiphenduli embuzweni futhi iyanxusa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ayikhumbuli okwenzekile ekuseni. Ngokuvamile, odokotela bachaza lokhu ngokucindezela ngokweqile, imizwelo eqinile noma ukungalali.
I-Sonnologists ihlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili zamaphupho "amabi": izinkathazo zobusuku nobusuku obusabekayo.Iziphukuphuku ziphupho eziqhakazile futhi ezimibalabala, ngokuvamile ziza ngesikhathi okuthiwa ubuthongo obunzima noma ekuseni. Izinto ezesabekayo zenzeka engxenyeni yokuqala yephupho futhi zivame ukumelela iziqephu zokuphazamiseka. kulezi zikhathi kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Izinsana eziningi ezinombhede zihambisana nemizwelo emibi: amaphupho ahlukumezayo, avuke egumbini elimnyama elingenalutho.Akumangazi ukuthi ama-nightmares abonakalisa izinkinga ezinkulu zendoda encane, Igcwele izimo ezingalindelekile nezinto ezesabekayo.
Enye yemisebenzi amaphupho enza ngayo ukuvikela ngokomzimba umzimba, ukujwayela ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo, kusiza ingane ukuba ifunde ulwazi ayithola nsuku zonke.
Siyaba nomona ukuphila okungenasidingo kwezingane, sikhohlwe ukuthi iziqu zikhona ezweni lama-giants futhi ziqala ukufunda ukuphila. Phakathi kwezinkathazo ezivame kakhulu zobuntwana, ngokusekelwe esimweni sokuzimela, ukwesaba ubumnyama, ubuhlungu, isikhala esivaliwe, ukuphakama, ukujula, imisindo ngokuzumayo. Ngokuvamile, izindaba zamaphupho abantwana zihlotshaniswa nokubonakala okucacile kosuku olwedlule. Ingane iphikisana ne-sandbox ngenxa ye-scapula enenye i-karapuzom, futhi lapha uyakhononda ebuthongweni bakhe: "Sipha, mami, unike!" Ngabona inja enkulu emgwaqweni: "Awu, ah, kabi!" Ngokusho kwengqondo yabantwana, ngokuvamile emaphupheni, izingane ziza ezinganeni zabo ezizithandayo. Kusukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya eminyakeni engu-3 kuphela bafunde ukuqonda kahle izwe langaphandle, ngakho-ke imvelo ezungezile ephusheni ingashintsha futhi ibe yindiza. Nazi izimpumputhe bese ukhuluma ngephupho ngebhede le-teddy noma cubes cubes. Ngonyaka wesi-4 wokuphila, ingane encane ayisisona isikhangiso esicacile, kepha ihlanganyele ngokuzikhandla ezintweni ezibusuku. Uyakwazi ukuzibona njengeqhawe, i-wizard, umshayeli wezindiza, i-astronaut. Ngokusho kwabahlaziyi, izimpikiswano ezinjalo njengephupho elimbi akufanele zidale ukwesaba kubazali, ngoba izingane, ezingakaze zibe nezinkinga zobusuku noma, okungenani, amaphupho eziphazamisayo, azifani nemithetho.
Amaphupho amakhulu kakhulu angabonakalisa impilo engafanele yengane. Ukweqa ngokweqile, ukulamba, ubuhlungu emathunjini nokuntuleka komsebenzi phakathi nosuku nakho kungabangela ukulimala. Kubantwana lokhu akuyona iphutha, kodwa enye into egcwele izenzakalo, ngakho amaphupho azikhathaza ngaphezu kwabantu abadala. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-3 yabantwana abanengqondo ephuthumayo, bangase bakhungatheke yizinto eziphazamisayo ezitholakala kwi-TV noma bezwe izindaba ezingathandeki izingane ezizithandayo ukutshela.
Amaqhawe amakhulu amaphupho ama-monster nama-movie ama-movie angalungile. I-Sonnologists iphinde ibone ukwephulwa njengokulala, ukulala (ukulala), i-bruxism (ama-grinding teeth), ukuphazamiseka kwemijikelezo yesigqi. Ngokuyinhloko, akuyona eyingozi futhi ngokuvamile idlula isikhathi.
Ungesabi lutho.
Uma umntwana ekhala ephusheni, ungasheshi ukumvusa ngamazwi aphakeme nokuzamazama - lokhu kungabangela ukwesaba okukhulu. Izazi ze-neurologists zincoma, okokuqala, ukuba uzame ukulimaza ingane, imcindezele kuye bese uyilalisa ngezwi elizolile nelithobile. Iningi lezingane lifa ngaphansi kwesigamu-ukulala futhi libuyele ebuthongweni obuhle. Ingane ivukile? Qinisekisa ukuthi uyaphila ngokuphelele, bonisa ukuthi akukho lutho olwesabekayo. Ekuseni, cela i-crumb ukuthi idonse noma ichaze lokho akubonayo - lokhu kuyoholela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla asabekayo. Ngobusuku obulandelayo, vula umnyango we-nursery, vula isibani sasebusuku, ulalise ingane. Ungamhlukumezi ingane. Ukwehluleka okwesabayo akuzinzile ezimweni ezicindezelayo, ezibuthakathaka ezingokwengqondo, ezingenangqondo, ngaphansi kwethonya lomunye umuntu. Kule nkinga yezinkathazo zesimanje nezinsuku zokubulala ebusuku akufanele kuthathwe kalula, kwezinye izimo bangaba nemiphumela engathandeki. Lokhu kungatshela i-encephalogram yobuchopho.
Manje odokotela abaningi bayavuma ukuthi amaphilisi (ama-antidepressants, ukuphulukisa ubuhlungu nokulala) angabangela ekuthuthukiseni izinkinga zokubulala, ngoba kuthinta ukusebenza kobuchopho.