Ukuthuthukiswa kokuzikhethela ezinganeni zasenkulisa
Ukuthuthukiswa kwengane yezingane ukuthuthukiswa kwenhlangano yengane, kusukela ekuqaleni kokuqala ngesikhathi sokuxhumana nabantu bokuqala nabantu abakuzungezile. Ukuvumelanisa nale ndawo, isimo sezingane futhi kuthuthuke ukuziphatha komuntu ngamunye. Phakathi nezinyanga zokuqala zokuphila, kunakekelwa kuphela okungenasidingo, njengoba kuvuswa. Izingane zisabela kuphela ezintweni zangaphandle. Ukusabela kwenzeka lapho ama-stimuli ashintsha kakhulu (ukushisa lokushisa, umsindo ozwakalayo, njll)
Ngenkathi eneminyaka emihlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa ingane isivele icubungula isifundo isikhathi eside futhi siyihlola ngokuthinta. Lokhu kusebenza ikakhulukazi kwizihloko ezikhanyayo.
Ngonyaka wesibili wokuqala wokuphila, ingane inomsebenzi wokucwaninga, okuzokwenzeka esikhathini esizayo njengendlela yokuthuthukisa ukuzithandela.
Abantu abazungezwe yindoda encane, ngokwabo bayamnaka futhi bamqondise ngezikhuthazo ezithile. Ngale ndlela, abantu abadala banikeza ingane ngalezo zindlela ezizosiza kamuva ukuba aqaphele ukulalela kwakhe, okuqala ukwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwenkulumo. Ingane yokuqala iqondisa abanye abantu, bese eyakhe.
Lapho uneminyaka engama-4 nengxenye kuya kwemihlanu, izingane ziqondisa ukuncika ngaphansi kwethonya lamasethingi omdala. Baqala ukubonisa ngaphansi kwethonya lokuzifundisa iminyaka eyisithupha.
Ukunakekelwa kwezinsana zasenkulisa kunalokho kungazinzile. Unomlingiswa obengokomzwelo, ngoba izingane zisenayo imizwa yazo. Ngemizamo yokuzivocavoca kanye nokuzivocavoca, ingane ilawula ngokuzimela.
Umdlalo, okwenza umsebenzi oyinhloko, uhlala endaweni eyinhloko ekuthuthukiseni ukunakekelwa kwezingane zasenkulisa. Izigaba zamageyimu zithuthukisa ukubaluleka kokunakekelwa, ukugxila nokuzinza kwazo. Ucwaningo lwezazi ze-psychologists lubonise ukuthi isikhathi sokudlala kwengane eneminyaka eyisithupha sinomude kakhulu kunomuntu oneminyaka emithathu ubudala. Ingakwazi ukufinyelela ihora, futhi kwezinye izimo ngisho nangaphezulu.
Ukuqaphelisisa izingane kubunjwa ngokuqeqesha imisebenzi emisha. Ukuzinza kokuqala kuqala ukwanda ngemva kweminyaka yobudala obuneminyaka emithathu futhi kubonakala izinga eliphakeme kakhulu lineminyaka eyi-6. Lokhu kungenye yezinkomba ezinkulu "zokulungela iqembu".
Ukuthuthukiswa kokuzikhethela phakathi kwabafundi besikole
Esikhathini seminyaka yesikole, umehluko phakathi kokunakwa kwezingane ezingenakuphika nokungaveli kubonakala ngokwengeziwe. Ukuthuthukiswa kokwamukela ngokuzithandela kuthola inqubo yemfundo nokuqeqesha. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukwakheka kwezintshisekelo zezingane kanye nokufundisa kwakhe ohlelweni lwezemisebenzi. Indima ekhethekile inikezwa esikoleni, lapho ingane idala khona ukuqeqeshwa, ikhono lokulawula ukuziphatha, nokufunda ukuyala.
Ukuqaphelisisa abafundi bahamba ngezigaba eziningana.
Esikhathini samakilasi okuqala ezinganeni ikakhulukazi namanje kunakekelwa okungenandaba. Awazi ukulawula ngokugcwele ukuziphatha kwabo. Kumakilasi amadala, ukunakwa konke kufinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu. Izingane ziye zenza imisebenzi ethile isikhathi eside, zilawula ukuziphatha kwazo. Ukwengeza, ngenxa yokwanda kombuthano wezinto ezithandwayo kanye nokujwayela umsebenzi ohlelekile, ukunakwa kwezingane ngokuzithandela kuyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa. I-volume, ukugxilwa nokuzinza kwenyuka kwanda lapho izinga lokukhula kwengqondo lezingane landa (eminyakeni eyi-10-12).
Izikhathi zokubheka ngokuzithandela
Ekubunjweni kokubheka ngokungapheli, izikhathi ezintathu ziyaziwa:
- Ithonya lomfundisi liye lasakazeka kuphela kumzwelo omncane wengane, okufaka phakathi: ukungazi lutho, ukuzwa ukwesaba, ukuqhutshwa kobugovu, njll.
- Ukunakekelwa kusekelwa imizwa yemfundo yesibili: ukuzethemba, umqondo womsebenzi, ukuncintisana, njll.
- Umkhuba uhlale unakekelwa. Umuntu ongayeki imfundo angeke akhule kuze kube sesikhathini sesithathu. Ukuqaphelisisa abantu abanjalo kuyinto engavamile futhi ejwayelekile. Ngeke ube yinto evamile.
Okubangela ekuthuthukiseni ukunakwa
Ukuthuthukiswa kokunakekelwa kwengane ngokuzithandela kunikezwa ngu:
- ukucacisa ukwakha imisebenzi nokudala isethulo esicacile somphumela, okufanele umuntu alwele;
- ukuthuthukiswa komkhosi;
- ukukhuliselwa kwengane yesimo sengqondo esithintekayo ekufundeni kanye nemfanelo yomsebenzi owenziwa;
- ukwanda okuhleliwe emthamo, ubude nokubunzima kwezikhathi zokuqeqesha;
- ubunzima bokuqashwa kufanele buhambisane nokukwazi komntwana;
- imfundo kumntwana wezintshisekelo ezizinzile.
Ukuthuthukiswa kokunakekelwa kwengane ngokungathandabuzeki kuhlobene eduze nokuthuthukiswa komsebenzi ogcwele wengqondo nokuqonda kwengane, ukugqugquzela nokuthanda kwakhe. Thuthukisa lezi zimfanelo iminyaka eminingi. Lokhu kudinga umzamo omkhulu nokubekezela.
Izinkomba zokulinganisa nezilinganiso zokunaka zisiza ukwandisa imisebenzi ekhethekile kanye nokuzivocavoca. Okuhle kunazo zonke ukuthi bazi kahle ngendlela yomdlalo. Kubalulekile ukuwachitha hhayi kuphela ohlukanisile ngokukhethekile ngaleso sikhathi, kodwa futhi, ngokwesibonelo, ngenkathi wenza imisebenzi yasekhaya noma uhamba. Kulesi simo, abantu abadala kufanele babe nesithakazelo empumelelweni yomntanakho, ngaphandle kwalokho akukho miphumela ezofinyelelwa. Uma izimo ezidingekayo zifinyelelekile, ingane ikwazi ukusebenza ngokuphindaphindiwe ngaphandle kokugqugquzela, ukunakwa kwakhe kuyajwayelana, kuphakama ngokushesha nangaphandle kokuzikhandla. Kanye nalokhu ingane yenza ikhono elifanayo lokugcina lokho okudingekayo, okungukuthi, iyakhumbula.
Yini enye ethinta ikhwalithi yokuzikhethela ngokuzithandela?
Izinguquko zomzimba emzimbeni wengane nazo zithinta izici zokufaneleka. Eminyakeni engu-13-15, izingane zisheshe zikhathele futhi zivame ukucasuka, okuyinto ngokwemvelo eziholela ekunciphiseni izinga lokunakekelwa. Isizathu sokunakekelwa okubi kungase kube ukuwohloka kwempilo, ukudla okuncane noma ukungalali.
Umthelela omuhle ekuthuthukiseni ukunakekelwa kwe-inthanethi kunikezwa imisebenzi yemidlalo ejwayelekile. Ukwengeza ukuthi ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba kuqinisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, futhi kubangele ekuthuthukiseni ikhono lokugxila.
Izakhiwo zokunikezwa zingasiza ekuthuthukiseni futhi kufanele kwenziwe. Inendima eyinhloko, yebo, ingeyethu - abadala abazungezwe yizingane. Khumbula njalo ukuthi zonke izingane zihlukile. Inqubo ngayinye yentuthuko yokunakekela ngokuzithandela iyaqhubeka ngendlela yayo, okudinga indlela eqondile.
Ukukhula okunempilo nokunakekisayo!