Uma uzwa ukuthi inja yakho ikhwehlela, cishe kungenzeka kuqala kuqala ukuthi ucabange ukuthi yini ebanda ... Noma ishaywa ngethambo elithile ... Noma ... Ngokuvamile, wonke umnikazi ekhanda lakhe uqala ukuhlunga zonke izinhlobo zemicabango, udweba isifaniso phakathi kwesilwane naye ngokwakhe. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akufanele kwenziwe kuzo zonke izimo. Phela, kuzo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo, ukukhwehlela njengesenzo somzimba kufana nalokho, kodwa izizathu zokuthi kwenzeke kuzo izinja kanye nabantu zimehluko omkhulu.
Ubani lo ukukhwehlela?
Ukukhwehlela inja kuyinkimbinkimbi, inyanzelekile, i-jerky, i-sonorous, i-exhalation engavumelani. Yakha isikhungo sokukhwehlela, esitholakala ku-medulla oblongata, lapho sithola khona izimpawu ezithile zokuthola izinzwa (sensors) eduze kwe-vagus nerve. Ezinja ku-larynx, izintambo zezwi kanye nasezindaweni zokuhlukaniswa kwe-bronchi ne-trachea, kunezinzwa ezikhwehlela kakhulu. Izindawo lapho izinzwa ezinjalo zibuthelwa khona zibizwa ngokuthi ukukhwehlela kwezinguquko ze-reflexogenic.
Okokuqala, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi ukukhwehlela kuyisimo sokuzivikela esivikelayo esivela emzimbeni wezilwane ezifuywayo ngenxa yesikhemikhali noma ukucasuka kwamakhansela okuzwela ukukhwehlela. Kunezinhlobo zezifo, lapho ukukhwehlela kudlulela khona ama-pus, izinhlayiya zangaphandle, umcucu ovela emgwaqweni womoya, ngenxa yokuthi ukubuya kuyabuya.
Kodwa kufaneleka ukwazi izici zezindawo zokukhwehlela, ezitholakala ku-bronchi kanye ne-trachea - ziphendula ngokulinganayo nokucasuka okwenzeka kokubili ukusuka ohlangothini lwe-lumen nakubangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, kungaba nzima ukusho ukuthi ukukhwehlela akukona nje kuphela izifo zokuphefumula, kodwa izicubu nezitho eziseduze nazo. Yingakho ukukhwehlela kungabonakala esilwaneni ngezizathu eziningi kakhulu. Futhi hhayi kuzo zonke izimo kuyasiza enja.
Manje sizocabangela kuphela izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokukhwehlela: inhliziyo kanye nokuphefumula.
I ukukhwehlela ngokuhlukile
Isikhukhula singahluka kakhulu kokubili nangesikhathi namandla.
Abadokotela bezilwane baye bafaka isikhalazo ngokusho kwezici:
- Isikhathi eside - esingapheli (izinyanga ezimbalwa, iminyaka) noma esiyingozi (izinsuku eziningana, amasonto amaningana);
- Amandla - kusuka ukukhwehlela okuncane kuze kukhwehlela futhi kukhwehlela ngezikhathi ezithile (mhlawumbe ngisho nokuhlanza);
- Ukunikezwa ngesikhathi sokukhwehlela - ezinomanzi ezinamanzi ezinamafutha, amapusi, ama-mucus noma owomile;
- Isibhamu - sinamathele noma sinomsindo;
- Ubuhlobo bokubonakaliswa - isibonelo, ukukhwehlela kungaba kuphela ekuseni noma ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka.
Kufanele uqaphele ngokucophelela ukukhwehlela kwesilwane sakho, mhlawumbe uzokwazi ukurekhoda kuyividiyo ukuthi inja yenzani. Lokhu kuzokwenza udokotela enze ukuxilongwa okulungile.
Ukukhwehlela kuyisibonakaliso!
Isikhukhula sihlala siphathwa ngokuphathelene nesifo esibangele.
Ukukhwehlela kokuphefumula
Izinja nazo zingatheleleka ngezifo ezehlukene eziphefumulayo: amaphaphu, i-trachea, i-nasopharynx, i-bronchi. Ekuqaleni, isifo esinjalo sihambisana nokukhwehlela okunomsindo, okunamandla, okungahlwanyeli nokomile (i-pus ne-sputum ayabelwe). Uma ama-virus eqala ukwenza nokubhubhisa inyama, ama-bacteria ahlukene asebenzayo ajoyina le nqubo, ukukhwehlela kufakwe umfutho futhi kuvame ukuhambisana ne-pus. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulezi zinkathi izinja ziqala ukungena, kunamaqabunga emehlweni nangomkhuhlane. Ukushisa komzimba wesilwane kuphakama, futhi bazizwa bekhululekile kakhulu. Ngamanye amazwi, banezimpawu ezifanayo njengabantu abane-influenza.
Ukuvimbela ukuzivikela ezinjaneni kuphela izifo ezinzima ezibangelwa amagciwane (ama-bacterium enza ukuba kuvele ukuqhuma, futhi i-pus iyinhlanganisela yebhaktheriya enezibulali zamangqamuzana omzimba omzimba), ngakho-ke, ukukhwehlela kokuphefumula kwesilwane esifuywayo kwenzeka kaningi kakhulu kunathi. Uma ukusho ngokuhlukile, amathuba okubanda inja incane kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinja azibhemi, okusho ukuthi abakwazi "ukukhwehlela ukubhema" noma!
I-cardiac (inhliziyo) ukukhwehlela
Kukhona ukukhwehlela okunjalo ngenxa yezici eziningana (isibonelo, ukwephulwa kwesistimu ye-valve) ngenxa yokuthi imisipha yenhliziyo ithola umthamo omkhulu, ngoba udonga lwamasipha luqina. Inhliziyo ibhalwa ngendlela yebhola kanye nemishini yokucindezela phezu kwe-trachea, esiseduze namadolo. Kulokhu, izingxenye zokukhwehlela ezitholakala ku-trachea azikwazi ukuqonda ukuthi ukukhwehlela akudingekile futhi kusayina ubuchopho. Kancane kancane, amandla okukhwehlela akhula (njengenhliziyo), isitembu saso siyisithulu, futhi asinamfihlo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kubonakala sengathi isilwane sishaya okuthile futhi nje sizama ukuphonsa lo mzimba wangaphandle.
Singaqiniseka kanjani ukuthi kuleli cala imbangela yokukhwehlela isifo senhliziyo? Udinga nje ukubuka inja ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Uma ukukhwehlela okufanayo njengasekuqaleni kuvela sonke isikhathi nokuqina, futhi ukuvama kwayo kwanda, khona-ke udinga ukuxhumana ne-vet okwesikhashana.
Njengomthetho, ukukhwehlela kwenhliziyo kuyinto ukukhwehlela okungapheli, ngoba imbangela yokubonakala kwayo yi-hypertrophy - ukwanda kwenhliziyo, futhi kunzima kakhulu ukuyiphatha. Udokotela anganciphisa kuphela ukuqina kwalesi sibonakaliso sesifo senhliziyo.
Yini engidinga ukuyiqonda uma ngikhonkotha?
Khumbula ukuthi ukukhwehlela kuyimpawu yesifo esithile, ngakho-ke ukunciphisa amandla ayo, kuqala udinga ukuqonda izizathu zokubonakala kwazo. Kodwa-ke, ukukhwehlela kungaba yisenzo sokuzivikela esizosiza futhi isilwane sizophola. Ngamanye amazwi, akudingekile kunoma yiliphi ithuba lokuphatha ukukhwehlela ngezidakamizwa eziphikisayo. Uma inja iphilisa isifo se-otosnovogo, ukukhwehlela ngokwakho kuzophela. Kuphela kukhona ukukhwehlela okumile, okungafani okungaholela ekuhlaselweni kokuphefumula nokukhathazeka. Kulesi simo, ukukhwehlela okunjalo akunakusiza isilwane futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kudokotela.
Ukukhwehlela ukukhwehlela noma ukushintsha uhlamvu lwayo kudingeka usebenzise imithi, manje eningi kakhulu. Zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili (ngokwemvelo).
Iqembu lokuqala yizona zindlela ezithinta isikhungo sangaphandle futhi ivimbele le ncamashi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imbangela yokubonakala kwayo. Izidakamizwa ezinjalo zingamisa kuphela udokotela, kanti kufanele zisetshenziswe nakwezokwelapha eziyinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngokuyisisekelo nje zifihla izimpawu futhi aziqedi imbangela. Ekugcineni, ungase ucabange ukuthi inja ikhambi, futhi lesi sifo sizoqhubeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezo zakhiwo zinamandla kakhulu, ngakho-ke uma zisetshenzisiwe ngokungalungile, zingenza umonakalo omkhulu kuphela.
Iqembu lesibili liyi-expectorant. Imithi enjalo ayikwazi ukumisa isibonakaliso, kodwa yandisa inani le-mucus, ilinciphise, ngaleyo ndlela lenze ukukhwehlela komile. Kanye ne-mucus emzimbeni kuphuma izifo ze-pathogens - ama-microorganisms ayingozi. Lezi zixazululo zelapha ukukhwehlela okubhebhethekayo, okwenzeka ezinja kakhulu kaningi kunabantu.
Ezamakhemikhali kubantu, ungathenga izidakamizwa eziningi ezihloselwe ukuhlolwa kwezilwane kanye nokulwa nokukhwehlela. Noma kunjalo, eziningi zazo azihambisani nesilwane sakho. Kwezinye izimo, akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa inja nhlobo!
Khumbula ukuthi ukukhwehlela inja kuhlale kuyisifo sesifo!