Abazalwane baseStrugatsky, abanobuciko babo obuhlukile, banamakhono abanobuchwepheshe bezesayensi abanobuchule abakwazi ukutshela abafundi ukuthi yini eyayingasho ukuthi iSoviet Union ayifanele ukukusho ngani. I-biography yabo yaqala engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lama-20. Khona-ke uStrugatsky wayehlala eLeningrad. Abazalwane baneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ehlukile. Kodwa, naphezu kwalokhu, uStrugatsky wayehlala emndenini oseduze. Abazalwane, abahlukanisiwe nokuphila, behlala bebuya futhi. Ngakho-ke, yiziphi biography zalezi zithombe zokudlala ezimangalisayo, abalobi beprose, ama-real genius of Soviet science fiction? Bakha kanjani izincwadi ukuze babe abalobi abadumile kakhulu baseRussia besayensi yezinganekwane, kokubili eseduze nasekude kakhulu? Kungani bebizwa ngokuthi ngobaba boSayensi Yenkolo, ikakhulukazi iSoviet futhi, kamuva, isiRussia? Okwenza umsebenzi wabo kunzima ukugcizelela, futhi kunzima nakakhulu ukucabanga umhlaba wezesayensi engenamanga ngaphandle kwabazalwane baseStrugatsky.
Umzalwane omdala u-Arkady Natragovich Strugatsky. Wazalwa ngo-Agasti 28, 1925 edolobheni laseBatumi. Ngokushesha abazali bakhe bathuthela eLeningrad, lapho bahlala khona ukuphila kwabo bonke. Abazali baseStrugatsky abazalwane babefundile futhi bahlakaniphile. Ubaba wayengumgxeki wezobuciko, futhi umama wayengumfundisi. Lapho impi iqala, u-Arkady wayeseneminyaka eyishumi nambili, ngakho wasebenza ekwakhiweni kwezinqaba, okwakufanele kuvikelwe idolobha labahlaseli baseJalimane. Khona-ke lo mfana wanikela umsebenzi wakhe eMlandland wakhe emhlanganweni wokugubha. Ngo-1942, lapho uLeningrad evinjelwe, u-Arkady wakwazi ukuhamba noyise, kodwa imoto yathola ukuphuma futhi yahlala kuphela kubo bonke ababekhona. Yiqiniso, kumfana kwakunzima, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi kwakungenaso isikhathi sokukhala nokukhathazeka. Wangcwatshela uyise emzini waseVologda. Khona-ke waya eChikvv (i-Orenburg yanamuhla), wabe eseseTaghle. Lapho, wasebenza esiteshini sokwamukela ubisi, futhi ngo-1943 wabhalwa ebuthweni. U-Arkady uqedile isikole sobuciko se-Aktobe, kodwa akazange afike phambili. Umfana wayenenhlanhla, ngoba esikhundleni sokulwa, entwasahlobo ka-1943 wathunyelwa eMoscow, lapho kwakufanele afunde khona e-Military Institute of Foreign Languages. Lo muntu waphothula ngo-1949. Wayengumhumushi ovela esiNgisi naseJapane. Wabe esengumfundisi esikoleni seCannes of Translators Military. Ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bakhe, omdala wabazalwane baseStrugatsky kwadingeka ahambe kakhulu. Wakwazi ukukhonza njengomhumushi wezempi eMpumalanga Ekude futhi wavuselelwa ngo-1955 kuphela. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi u-Arcadia waqala ukubhala. Ngaphezu kokudala amanoveli namanoveli, abhaliswe nomfowabo, naye wasebenza "kwi-Abstract Journal", wabe eseba umhleli kuDetgiz naseGospolitizdat. Ngeshwa, u-Arcady Strugatsky waphila iminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha nesithupha kuphela. Kulo mlobi onethalente olunjalo lokhu yisikhathi esifushane esingeke sikwazi ukubona yonke imibono nezihloko eziza engqondweni. Yiqiniso, u-Arkady, kanye nomfowabo, wadala izindaba eziningi eziyingqayizivele, eziye zafundwa izizukulwane eziningana. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi siqaphele ukuthi sizoba nezibonelo ezinhle kakhulu zesayensi yeqiniso uma ukuphila kuka-Arkady Natanovich Strugatsky kungaqedi ngo-Okthoba 12, 1991.
Kodwa umfowabo omncane, uBoris Natugovich Strugatsky, uphila futhi uphila kuze kube yilolu suku. UBoris wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 15, 1933. Abazali babafowethu ngaleso sikhathi base bevele behlala eLeningrad, ngakho uBoris wayengacabanga ukuthi uhlala kulo muzi. Yena, njengomfowabo, wasuswa e-Leningrad eyakhiwe, kodwa kuphela ngesitimela, kanye nonina. Ngesikhathi esemncane, wakwazi ukubona ubusika obubi kunabo bonke beLeningrad esivimbelwe. Ngemva kwempi iphelile, wabuyela edolobheni lakubo. Lapho wajoyina i-Leningrad State University e-Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics futhi wathola idiploma enkanyezi. Ngesinye isikhathi, uBoris wasebenza ePulkovo Observatory. Kodwa, emva kokuba umzalwane ebuya eMpumalanga Ekude, iStrugatsky wathumela ngemuva imisebenzi yabo futhi yaqala ukuzibandakanya ngobuciko. Ngakho-ke, kakade ngo-1960, uBoris wayeyilungu le-Writers 'Union. Ngendlela, abazalwane babhala nje izindaba zabo kanye nezincwadi, kodwa futhi bahumusha i-American science fiction. Lapha kuphela ngaphansi kwezinguqulo ezingasayina njengoStrugatsky, kodwa njengoSp. Pobedin no-S. Vitin. Kuze kube manje, uBoris Strugatsky uyinhloko yocwaningo labalobi abasha abanobuchwepheshe bezinkolelo e-St. Petersburg Writers 'Organization. Unikeza isizukulwane esincane ulwazi nolwazi lwabo kule ndawo, ngakho-ke abalobi bezesayensi zanamuhla bangadala njengemisebenzi eqinile neyithakazelisayo njengoba bevame ukudala nomzalwane owesabayo.
Ngendlela, impumelelo eya eStrugatsky yafika ngokushesha kakhulu. Kakade ngo-1960, imisebenzi enjengokuthi "Ukulinganisa Okuyisithupha" (1959), "Ukuhlola i-TFR" (1960), "Ukuqokwa Okukhethekile" (1960) kwaphawulwa. Isici esikhethekile sikaStrugatsky kwakuyi-psychology ejulile yabalingiswa. Ababhali bezinkolelo zeSoviet zangaphambili babengacabangi ngempela ngokudala izinhlamvu ezigcwele nezinkinga zabo kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo. Futhi i-Strugatskys yabanika imizwa nemizwelo, yanikeza ithuba lokuchaza ukuthi kungani benza lokhu nokuthi yini abayithandayo noma abangayithandi ngezwe labo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Strugatsky yaqala ukubikezela ikusasa lezwe, futhi alizange libonise i-Soviet yesayensi yeqiniso, ngokungafani nakwamanye amazwe. Bhala izinto ezinjengokuthi "I-Picnic e-Roadside" ne "Isiqhingi Esihleliwe". Lezi zincwadi ezincane eziphikisana nazo zingabizwa ngokuphepha ngokuzikhandla. Futhi abazalwane baseStrugatsky babizwa ngokufanele ngokuthi amakhosi esayensi yezinganekwane.