Izidakamizwa ze-Antihistamine zibizwa ngokuthi imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo ze-etiologies ehlukene. Ukwelashwa kokuphendula okwenziwe izingane ezincane kudinga ukubonisana nodokotela. Udokotela kuphela ongakhetha izidakamizwa ezifanele ze-antihistamine futhi abale isilinganiso esingenabungozi semithi.
Kukhona ama-antihistamines wesizukulwane sokuqala, sesibili nesithathu.
Ama-antihistamines wesizukulwane sokuqala
I-Suprastin - ine-effect antihistamine ebonakalayo, ingene kalula engxenyeni ye-blood-brain. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kubantwana kuvunyelwe. Umphumela wesici: ukulala, umlomo owomile, ikhanda, ubukhulu obuthakathaka, u-tacarcia, ukubambezeleka kokuchama. Umthamo wezidakamizwa uhluka kusukela eminyakeni yengane. Nika ukungenisa kanye nomjovo we-intramuscular.
I-Dimedrol iyi-antihistamine ephumelelayo. Unomthelela we-anesthétic and sedative wendawo, unciphisa ubuhlungu bezinsizi ezibushelelezi. Umphumela wesimo se-Dimedrol: isikhumba esomile, i-tachycardia, ukulala, ukuqothulwa, ikhanda lokukhanda, okuhambisana nokulula kokungenelela ngesithintelo segazi. Nika ukungenisa kanye nomjovo we-intramuscular. Umthamo uhluka kusukela eminyakeni yengane.
I-Clemastin (i-analogue kaTavegil) iyisidakamizwa esisebenzayo kunazo zonke ezivela kwizidakamizwa ezibizwa ngokuthi i-antihistamine yezizukulwane zokuqala, ezivunyelwe ukwelashwa kwezingane. Unomphumela ohlala njalo. I-Clemastine ayidluli umkhawulo wegazi-kongoti, ngakho-ke awunawo umphumela wokwehlisa.
I-Peritol - eyaziwa yi-antihistamine impahla enhle, kodwa ithonya elinamandla lokudambisa, njengoba lidlula kalula ngombimbi wegazi, Nika izingane kusukela eminyakeni emibili nangaphezulu.
I-Fenkarol - isidakamizwa sokuqala sokwelashwa kwemithi, isetshenziswa ezinganeni. Awudluli umkhawulo wegazi-ubuchopho, unomphumela wokunciphisa okulinganiselwe.
I-Diazolin - ibonakala ngomsebenzi obizwa ngokuthi i-antihistamine. Ayikho impendulo yokudambisa, ibeke kahle. Nika ukudlala ngomthamo ofanelekile eminyakeni yengane.
Ama-antihistamines wesizukulwane sesibili
Ihlelwe kubantwana ngokuqapha, ngoba ingaba nemiphumela emibi esibindi nasesimweni senhliziyo.
Isidakamizwa esivame kakhulu esivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ezinganeni i-ketotifen. Nika izingane ezineminyaka engu-6 nangaphezulu. Thatha ngaphakathi ngesikhathi sokudla ngomthamo ohambisana nesisindo somntwana. Kubekezeleleke kahle, okufanele ukusetshenziselwa isikhathi eside iziguli ezine-atopic dermatitis, i-asthma ye-bronchial, i-urticaria engapheli futhi enomsoco. Umthelela ohlangothini: umlomo owomile, i-sedation, ukulala, ukukhula kwesidlo.
Ama-antihistamines wesizukulwane sesithathu
I-Zirtek (i-analogue yeCelirizine) - ibonakala ngesenzo sokuthi i-antihistamine isenzo. Iholela ekuvimbeleni kokubili kokuqala nokuphuza kokuphendula. Iyancipha ukuphathwa kabi kwe-bronchi, okunciphisa ukuthuthukiswa kokufihla kwabo futhi kuthuthukise inhlalakahle jikelele yesiguli. Isidakamizwa singathathwa inkambo ende, njengoba ukujwayela kungenzeki, umphumela wokwelapha awunzima. Inqunyelwe izingane kusukela ezinyangeni ezingu-6 nangaphezulu. Imiyalo yomkhiqizi ibonisa ukuthi izidakamizwa azibangeli ubuthongo, kodwa lezo zimo zichazwa ngokusekelwe emisebenzini yomtholampilo.
I-Loratadine noma i-Claritin ingenye yezidakamizwa ezivame ukwelashwa ekubhekaneni nokuphendula kwezingane ezinganeni. Inzuzo yalo enkulu yiyona ndlela yokusebenzisa esikhathini esiyinkimbinkimbi sokuphumula okusheshayo kokuthola ukugula, futhi nokwelashwa kwesikhashana. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo, i-claritin isetshenziselwa ukwelapha okuyisisekelo ngenxa ye-rhinitis ye-allergen, i-hay fever, ne-conjunctivitis ye-allergenic. Isidakamizwa asiholeli ku-bronchospasm, ukulala noma ukumelela kwezingqimba zamangcwaba. I-Calarithin ingabhalwa izingane ezineminyaka emibili nangaphezulu. Ukukhishwa kwefomu - isiraphu namaphilisi.
I-Kestin - ibonakala ngethonya elifanayo lokwelapha, njengoba kuchazwe umuthi uZirtek.