Biography kaVasily Makakovich Shukshin

Ngubani ongazi Vasily Makarovich? Ngempela, lokhu umbuzo oyisiphukuphuku, ngoba uBasil Shukshin waziwa wonke umuntu ezweni lethu. Lokhu akumangazi, ngoba i-biography ka-Shukshin yindaba yomdlali onethalente, umqondisi nomlobi. I-biography kaVasily Makarovich Shukshin ihlanganisa amaqiniso amaningi amangazayo. Encwadini ye-biography kaVasily Makarovitch Shukshin kwakunezimo eziningi ezithakazelisayo nezingavamile. Kodwa, yini emangalisa lapha, emva kwakho konke, yena ngokwakhe wayeyintandokazi futhi engavamile umuntu. UVasily Makarovich wayenetalente yokukhuluma ngokuphila kwethu. U-Shukshin wayenemisebenzi enhle kakhulu eyabonisa ukuthi abantu bakithi babaluleke kangakanani. I-biography yalomuntu ihlanganisa amafilimu amaningi amahle nemisebenzi yokubhala. Ukuze uVasily ngaso sonke isikhathi umsebenzi oyinhloko kwakuwukudlulisela kumfundi izwe langaphakathi labalingiswa. Yini eyenzeka kakhulu ku-Shukshin, ukuveza indaba yangaphakathi yezwe. KuVasily Makarovich, kwakungesiyo imfihlo ukuthi umbuso wenza ngokungafanele futhi ubhubhise abantu. Yilokho okushiwo emisebenzini eminingi kaVasily. Futhi, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, i-biography yakhe yayiyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ukufa - kunalokho kungaqondakali. Kuze kube manje, abaningi abakholelwa ukuthi wafa ngokuhluleka kwenhliziyo.

Nakuba, ngakolunye uhlangothi, bonke labo ababenaye emkhunjini babona ukuthi wayephilile ngempela, ukuthi wayiphuza i-validol. Kodwa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yibaphi ngempela isizathu sokuba uShukshin wakhononda ngenhliziyo yonke. Kungani yaqala ukulahlwa yindoda encane futhi enempilo? Mhlawumbe isizathu salokhu yizingcindezi eziningi kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okushiwo nguShukshin ngoba wayehlale efuna ukutshela iqiniso, hhayi ukubhala lokho ayeyalelwe kusukela ngenhla.

Le ndoda emangalisayo yazalwa emzaneni waseSrostki, owawuse-Altai Territory. Wakhulela emndenini wezilwane ezivamile-abahlali abaphakathi, abazitholela wona, abafuywayo nemfuyo yabo. Mhlawumbe udaba lokuqala olubangela amandla eSoviet uShukshin wazibonela lapho uyise ephoqeleka ukuba ajoyine ipulazi elihlangene. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi uMakar Shukshin akazange anqabe ukubambisana futhi waya emsebenzini njengomshini. Wayengumchwepheshe ongcono kakhulu, oyinkosi yezandla zakhe. Bonke abantu babemthanda futhi bemhlonipha. Kodwa, iziphathimandla azizange zithande okuthile. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1933, u-Shukshin ophezulu waboshwa futhi waphazamiseka.

Unina kaShukshin wasala yedwa. Wayenabantwana ababili abancane, ukulima, ukusebenza epulazini elihlangene. Owesifazane wayengenaso isikhathi sokwenza konke. Udinga umsizi. Zonke izihlobo zazinemindeni emikhulu namapulazi, ngakho-ke, kwakungekho usizo oluvela kunoma ubani lapho. Unina kaShukshin wayethole kuphela umyeni omusha owayengamsiza. Ekugcineni, wenza kanjalo. Ubaba wakhe wesilisa wayengumuntu onomusa kakhulu othanda ngempela unina. Kubonakala sengathi manje konke kumele kube khona futhi bazophila ngokujabula. Nokho, lapha futhi kwafika usizi - iMpi Yezwe Yesibili yaqala. Isitatimende uBasil waya phambili, futhi ngemva konyaka waletha umngcwabo. Umndeni futhi ushiywe ngaphandle komuntu kanye nomuntu wesondlo. Ngaleso sikhathi uVasya wayeseneminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili ubudala. Ngakho, kwakudingeka athathe konke. Wakhulela kumuntu ovelele kakhulu, umuntu ovaliwe. Abangane abaningi babengazange bamqonde. Isibonelo, wayengafuni ukubizwa ngeVasya, nguVasily kuphela. Ngenxa yalokhu, futhi nezinye izinto eziningi, wayevame ukuhleka. Futhi akazange achaze noma yini kunoma ubani. Esikhundleni salokho, waya emfuleni waphambukela lapho eziqhingini. Kwakuvame ukuthi kwenzeka ukuthi uVasily ngabe eselahlekile izinsuku ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, lapho ebuya, ngokushesha waqala ukulima futhi wazisiza njalo umndeni.

UVasily wayengumuntu osemusha onomthwalo wemfanelo. Wabeka umndeni phezu kwezinto zonke. Isibonelo, umfana ufunde esikoleni sobuchwepheshe bezimoto futhi angayiqeda. Kodwa, waqaphela ukuthi uma efunda kuphela, angeke asondle umndeni wakhe empilweni. Ngakho-ke, uVasily Shukshin wehla ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe futhi wafuna umsebenzi ofanelekayo.

Wayesebenza njenge-welder, fitter, umakhi, ngokujwayelekile, wakhetha noma yimuphi umsebenzi owawufanelwe ukukhokhelwa. Khona-ke uVasily Shukshin wagqiba ukuqeqesha opharetha omsakazo futhi waya e-Black Sea Fleet. Ngendlela, kubalulekile ukuthi uVasily abe nentombazane ethandekayo eneminyaka eyi-15. Igama lakhe kwakungu-Masha. Ngenaye, uShukshin wahlangana nomzana wakubo. Lapho ekhonza, uMasha wabhala izincwadi nsuku zonke. Futhi lapho uVasily ecindezelwa ngenxa yesilonda, wabuyela eMasha, badlala umshado futhi baqala ukuhlala ndawonye. Lokho kwakuyizikhathi ezinhle. Ekugcineni iBasil, isikole esiphelile futhi waba uthisha esikoleni sabasemakhaya. Wabe esezama ukutadisha esikoleni sobuchwepheshe bezimoto, kodwa, ekugcineni, wathatha isinqumo esingalindelekile futhi waya eMoscow. Watshela wonke umuntu ukuthi ufuna ukuba umdwebi we-screenwriter, futhi ngenxa yalokhu uzoya kuVGIK. Futhi wenza, ngesikhundla somqondisi. Ngokuvamile, kungenzeka ukuthi ayamukelekile, uma uMikhail Romm engesiyena umuntu ohlakaniphile kangaka. Iqiniso liwukuthi u-Shukshin wayeyindoda elula kakhulu, umuntu angasho ukuthi, ngendlela yakhe, ayifuni. Ngempela waba ngumuntu ohlakaniphile ovela kubantu abangakaze basuke ezimpandeni zakhe.

Ngesikhathi uVasily efunda eVGIK, Masha wafunda eNovosibirsk. Futhi, njengoba sekuyaziwa, ubuhlobo obuseduze abuhlali isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, uBasil wathandana nomunye, uMasha wamqonda. Kodwa wayehlale ekhumbula le ndoda futhi yamkhumbula ngokumomotheka nokufudumala.

Ukuqala kwe-Shukshin ku-cinema kwakunengqondo. Wadlala kule filimu ethi "Ukuthungula I-Don", futhi lokhu kwakungukuqala kwendlela yakhe yokudala. Kwabe sekukhona ifilimu ethi "Two Fyodor", eyabamba ababukeli abaningi nabaningi. Kodwa, kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi uShukshin akhanya kuphela kumafilimu. Wabuye wafunda izincwadi, futhi kwaba kuhle kakhulu kuye. Kusukela ngonyaka wesithathu u-Shukshin wathumela izindaba zakhe ekushicileleni izindlu. Ngakho welule uRomm. Futhi hhayi ngeze. Kusukela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye amaqoqo ka-Shukshin asetshenziswe kakade.

U-Shukshin wadala imisebenzi eminingi emangalisayo, wadlala indima emangalisayo, wabhala izikripthi. Yiqiniso, ngaleyo minyaka kwakunzima ukufana naye. Ngesinye isikhathi uVasily wayiphuza kakhulu, kodwa wabe esebopha. Ngoba wayemthanda kakhulu umndeni wakhe, indodakazi yakhe. Wayehlala ehlala umuntu oqotho, oqhakazile futhi wangempela.