I-Juniper: ukufika, ukunakekelwa


I-Juniper ingenye yezihlahla ezihlobisa kakhulu. Lezi zihlahla ze-coniferous ziyizici ezinhle kakhulu, zihlanganisa futhi zinezinto eziwusizo. Okuthandwa kakhulu futhi okulula kumjunipha okukhulayo kuyinto evamile, ukutshala, ukunakekelwa okudinga ukuqaliswa kwemithetho ethile.

Ngonyaka odlule, izihlahla ze-coniferous zahlukunyezwa yizinkathazo nezimangalisa zemvelo. Ebusika be-Frosty kanye nehlobo elivuthayo elishisayo liye laba luvivinyo olunzima kwezitshalo. Izinkathazo azizange zibalekele umjunipha, nakuba zibhekwa njengokungathobeki. Yiziphi izimanga ezizilindelwe kulobu busika? Yini okufanele icatshangelwe uma ukhetha bese utshala "ameva" ozithandayo engadini yakho? Ungayifaka kanjani into yokutshala? Ake sicabangele lezi zindaba ngokuningiliziwe.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zomjunipha ezikhethwa ukukhula ebhodini eliphakathi

Okumelana kakhulu nebhande eliphakathi kukhona amajunipers: okuvamile, i-Cossack, intombi, i-scaly, i-sargu, kanye ne-Chinese, i-Daurian, ikhuni, ihlezi futhi iyindilinga. Kodwa, naphezu kokumelana nesomiso, badinga ukuchelela ngesomiso eside. Ngaphansi komuthi owodwa omdala uthele okungenani ama-10-20 amalitha amanzi. Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kanye namafomu abo engadini ziphendula ngokungafani kwamanzi emhlabathini kanye nomswakama womoya. Isibonelo, umjunipha nesiShayina azibekezeli umoya omile. Insizwa engumjunipha iyinqamuzana nesomiso, kodwa ikhula kangcono emhlabathini ophakathi nomswakama. Ukuze uthuthukise umbuso wamanzi ezinaliti, ungasebenzisa ukufafaza, okunikeza umphumela omuhle kusihlwa noma esimweni sezulu esibhakabhakeni. Imithombo yamanzi yomjunipha kanye namanzi aseduze. Isomiso se-autumn esiyinkimbinkimbi yisenzakalo esingavamile futhi nomthelela ophawulekayo (ngezikhathi ezithile zokutshala izitshalo ehlobo) izitshalo zasebusika ngeke zenzeke. Khona-ke, njengoba kufaka umquba engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo kuzoholela ekukhuleni esikhathini sokukhula kwamahlumela, angeke avumele ukuba bahlume kahle bese bebangela iqhwa.

Ungasindisa kuphi futhi ungasindisa kanjani isitshalo esitholakale ekwindla sekwephuzile

Kwenzeka ukuthi saya kubangani e-dacha, futhi sinesithakazelo semjunipha. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ifasitela sekwekwindla sekwephuzile, sasifuna ngempela ukutshala izihlahla ezimbalwa kithi. Yini okufanele ngiyenze kulokhu? Uma umhlabathi ungakaqedwa, futhi isitshalo sakhula evulekile - kungcono ukusibeka endaweni engunaphakade. Ngenhlabathi efriziwe, ungafaka umjunipha endaweni evikelekile emoyeni. Futhi uhlelo lwempande kufanele luhlanganiswe ngobuningi obukhulu bamaqabunga awile, i-sawdust noma i-peat.

Ukulungiselela umjunipha ebusika

Ukulungiswa okukhethekile kumjunipha wasebusika akudingeki. Kuphela izinhlobo ze-columnar zomjunipha ezijwayelekile zidinga ukuvikelwa ekushiseni kwezinaliti ngoFebhuwari-Mashi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa i-burlap, izihlangu noma i-spruce lapnik, efaka umqhele ohlangothini oluseningizimu. Esikhathini esiphakathi umhlabathi ukhululeka ekujuleni kwamapentimitha angu-30-50, nasebusika obukhulu nakakhulu. Okuhlangenwe nakho kubonisa ukuthi izinhlobo zemjunipha kanye namafomu abo engadini zanconywa ukuthi ukulima kungasebenzi ngempumelelo kuphela emhlabathini ovulekile, kodwa futhi uma ukhulile kuziqukathi ezikhungweni.

Izimbangela zezinaliti zishiya

Izimbangela zezinaliti ezilahla zingahluka. Futhi omunye wabo ukuhlukunyezwa kwezifo zama-mushroom. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi kubune futhi ngenxa yobuningi bomqhele, kodwa kungaba kokubili ndawonye. Kubalulekile ukususa izinaliti zephayini ezifile futhi uphathe isitshalo ngomuthi olwa nezifo. Ungasebenzisa isixazululo esingu-0.1% se-folicour, i-menar, i-prozaro noma i-topsin-M. Yenza imithi emibili noma emithathu ngezinsuku ezingu-15-20. Ngeshwa, akusikho ithuba lokubuyisela umqhele. Kodwa-ke, uma kungu-columnar shape, ungakwazi ukususa wonke amagatsha kusukela phansi kuze kube sezingeni lendawo ejikeleze lonke isiqu. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi lesi sitshalo sibe sihle.

Ukukhetha indawo nokulungisa inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala

Amjunipha amaningi angama-photophilous. Emthunzini, bathambekele ekuziphatheni, balahlekelwa ubukhulu bomqhele, umbala wezinaliti. Okunye ukuthungatha kungadluliselwa kuphela kumjunipha, kodwa lokhu akusebenzi kumafomu ayo okuhlobisa. Ekutshaleni, umjunipha ubuyisana nokukhona kwezinye izitshalo. Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhipha u-shading wabo ogcwele noma oyingxenye ngabanye abakhileyo engadini. Izitshalo zeJuniper zikhula ngokuphumelelayo cishe zonke izinhlobo zemhlabathi, kodwa intuthuko engcono kakhulu ifinyelela emhlabathini ovundile futhi ovundile. Uma utshala imjunipha ezindaweni ezinesihlabathi noma zobumba, ukutshala izimbiza kufanele kuhlanganiswe ngamakhophu noma ama-peat chips. Esikhathini sokuqala ukuzala kwenhlabathi kuye kwanda kancane. Futhi okwesibili - kuba okukhululekile, okuyinto ezokwenza ukuthi kuthinte ukukhula kwezitshalo. Ngokuhlangenwe nakho, singasho ukuthi asikho isidingo sokuhlela ungqimba lwamanzi uma utshala imjunipha. Ngendlela, umjunipha awudingi ukufaka umquba owengeziwe. Kodwa akukwazi ukusho ukuthi akahambisani nesingeniso sabo. Futhi udinga ukwenza lokhu engxenyeni yokuqala yenkathi yemifino, yebhande eliphakathi - u-Ephreli-yokuqala ka-June. Ungasebenzisa noma yikuphi umanyolo obunzima. Yenze ngokweziqondiso ezifakiwe.

Kanjani futhi nini ukufakelwa umjunipha

Ukufakelwa okunjalo kuhlotshaniswa nokususwa kwezingcingo eziningi ezimpandeni ngesikhathi sokumba, okungaholela ekunciphiseni ekukhuleni kwamahlumela noma ngisho nasekufeni kwezidumbu. Izitshalo ezinjalo kumele zitshalwe nge-clod of land, ubukhulu bayo buxhomeke ezinhlobonhlobo noma ekujuleni kwensimu yomjunipha. Izitshalo ezinkulu kufanele zilungele ukufakelwa kabusha ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukwenza lokhu, entwasahlobo ebangeni elingama-30-40 amasentimitha ukusuka esihlahleni esinomsola ocijile, izimpande ziyakunqunywa ekujuleni kwe-bayonet, ngaleyo ndlela zivuselele ukuhlanganiswa kwesistimu ngaphakathi kwe-coma ephilayo. Izitshalo ezinjalo ngeke zigule kancane ngesikhathi sokufakelwa ekwindla, kodwa zingatshalaliswa entwasahlobo ezayo. Kodwa ukufakelwa iziqu zomuntu omdala, ezikhulile ezigulini, ungaba cishe unyaka wonke.

Ukukhiqizwa komjunipha nokunakekelwa

Ukukhiqizwa kwembewu kuvame ukusetshenziswa ukukhiqiza izinhlobo. Imbewu ikhula eminyakeni eyodwa kuya kwemibili, kanti izithombo zikhula kancane. Ngakho-ke, indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokukhiqiza umjunipha i-cuttings. Ukuqothulwa komhlabathi kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo, isikhathi sokusika kanye nohlobo lwezinhlobo zokusika. Umjunipha uyinto evamile, enezingqimba, i-cossack, i-scaly namafomu awo engadini, kanye nabanye, abanekhono eliphakeme lokuqothula.

Izihlahla kufanele zivunwe kusukela ezitshalweni ezincane nezinempilo. Ubudala bezitshalo zobuningi bamafomu engadini yi-10-15. I-cuttings ezithathwe ezingxenyeni ezingenhla nezingaphakathi zomqhele zingcono kakhulu. Ukuze uthinte, uthathe amagatsha amakhulu noma ahlangene nazo zonke amahlumela. Ukuze uvimbele ukubola nokushisa ngesikhathi sokuvuna, kanye nokuhamba ngezindawo ezide, amahlumela ahlanganiswe ngendwangu ebomvu bese efakwa izikhwama ze-polyethylene. Ukupakisha okunjalo kungagcinwa izinsuku ezimbili-ezintathu. Lungiselela ukusika kangcono ekuseni noma ngesimo sezulu esibhakabhaka.

Lapho kukhona izithombo zokugcina ezishisayo, izitshalo ze-coniferous zingadliwa unyaka wonke. Kodwa-ke, ukuguqulwa okuhle kakhulu kubonakala ekuvuneni okuvunwa ngoFebhuwari-Mashi, kanti futhi ehlobo esikhathini sokuphela kokukhula kanye nokuqala kokukhula kwesihlumela samasheya. I-winter cuttings kuze kube yilapho umzuzu wokutshala ugcinwa emasakeni epulasitiki ku-glacier noma emakamelweni abandayo.

I-Cuttings kufanele ibe nephuzu lokukhula, elibavumela ukuba balondoloze umlingiswa wokukhula okukhona ekutshalweni kwesiqu. Ngamafomu amaningi egadi, ama-coniferous cuttings awanqunywanga, kodwa ngokunyakaza okubukhali phansi baqothula isitshalo (esithathwe "ngesithende"). Ithimba lihlelwe kahle, lisuse kuphela i-burrs. Izinaliti ezisezingeni eliphansi le-cuttings, ezijatshulwe ku-substrate, zivame ukunqunyulwa noma zinqunywe, kodwa zingatshalwa nezinaliti zephayini.

I-substrate yendawo yonke yokubamba inqwaba yamafomu engadini iyinhlanganisela yezingxenye ezilinganayo ze-coarse-grained (isiqephu se-0.5-1.5 mm) nesihlabathi se-milled (sphagnum) peat. Ngokuvamile, ukulungiswa kwe-substrate, isisindo esincane se-peat kanye nomfula sisetshenziswa. Kodwa empeleni, lezi zingxenye azifanelekile, ngoba uma zixubene, i-substrate esebenzayo ene-aeration encane iyatholakala. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjengalezi, izinhlanzi zezinhlobo ezimbalwa kakhulu zisekelwe. Uma usebenzisa isihlabathi somfula, kufanele uhlanjwe ngesihlungo nge-cell 0.5-1.5 wamamitha ukuze ulahle izinhlayiya zodaka. Ngaphambi kokutshala, ubuso be-substrate buhlelwe kahle, buhlanganiswe futhi bunamanzi amaningi. Ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa liyi-6-8 amasentimitha, kuye ngokuthi ubukhulu be-cuttings, emigqeni - ngamasentimitha angu-4-6, ukujula kokutshala kungamamentimitha angu-5-7. I-substrate ezungeze ukunqunywa okutshalwe kancane iminywe futhi iphuziswa, mhlawumbe isisombululo se-potassium permanganate noma i-fungicide.

I-winter cuttings etshalwe ngoMeyi ku-greenhouse lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya emgwaqweni lingama-17-20 degrees. Okungcono ukushisa kwomoya ngaphakathi kokushisa okushisa phakathi nosuku + ama-20-27 degrees, nobusuku - + 16-21 degrees. Ukusika izitshalo eziningi kungcono kugxilwe ekushiseni kwe-substrate nge-3-6 degrees ngaphezulu kwezinga lokushisa lomoya. Ukwandisa izinga lokushisa kwe-substrate, i-biofuel, ukushisa kwamanzi noma kagesi kusetshenziswa.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zomjunipha ezifanele ukudala amahlaya

Ngamahede amakhulu (kusuka kumamitha ama-1.5 nangaphezulu) amafomu amade namafomu omjunipha asetshenzisiwe. Ezindaweni eziphakathi, lokhu kuyimjunipha ejwayelekile kanye namafomu awo e-columnar. Futhi nomjunipha wezinhlobo zezintombi ze-Skyrocket ne-Blue Arrow. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo lapho utshalwa uhla lwama-50-70 centimitha. Umjunipha ukhonjiswe njengoba kudingeka, cishe izikhathi ezimbili kuya kathathu ngenkathi. Izinwele zokuqala zenziwa ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Futhi okulandelayo - njengoba kudingeka ukuze ulondoloze ukuma kocingo.

Ngokuvamile, izihlahla zomjunipha ziqala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho amagatsha afile noma ohlangothini olufayo olwandisa ngaphezu komqhele asuswa. Ngokuqondene namafomu okuzungezile, isetshenziselwa kuphela ukuvimbela ukukhula kwamahlumela ngamanye ngaphakathi komqhele, ngaleyo ndlela yakha ukuhlanganiswa kwesitshalo.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Isifo esivame kakhulu semjunipha yi-rust. Ukuze ulwisane nalo, izitshalo kufanele zifakwe ngezikhathi ezine ngekhefu lezinsuku ezingu-10 ngesisombululo se-arceride (50 g / 10 amalitha amanzi). Ngezinambuzane, ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke yi-spider mite, i-juniper miner moth, i-aphid ne-scun juniper. Lapho izibonakaliso zokuqala zomonakalo zivela, izitshalo ziphathwa ngenye yezinhlelo ezilandelayo: i-actinic; i-fufanon - isisombululo se-0.2%; i-decis; i-karate; fastak - isixazululo esingu-0.1% noma i-condensate eyengeziwe; i-actar - ingu-0.08% isisombululo.

I-Juniper ngesimo se-bonsai

AmaJunipers ngesimo se-bonsai athandwa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa ibhonsai yendabuko, edinga isikhathi eside nokuthola amakhono akhethekile namakhono, kanye ne-bonsai okuthiwa yensimu, evame ukusetshenziswa ngama-amateur. I-bonsai yaseJalimane esuka kumjunipha yenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili. Okokuqala lapho izinwele zisetshenziselwa ukwakha amagatsha, kunokubheka ngesandla ukukhomba amaphuzu okukhula. Ngenxa yalokhu, njengombuso, amafomu amaningi aphikisiwe asetshenziselwa - intombi engumjunipha uHetzii noCoscack Femina noma uMas nabanye. Owesibili - ngosizo lokuxhunyelelwa emithonjeni emikhulu (kaningi, insizwa yemjunipha isetshenziswa njengesitokisi) semjunipha yomjunipha: umjunipha Green Carpet, umbhede womjunipha uNana, umjunipha we-Blue Star nabanye. Ama-grafts ama-graft abanjwe ezindaweni eziphakeme zikhula ngokuzungezile, enza i-flight, ngisho ne-branched kahle, elingisa igatsha. Kuvela "ukutshala" ngamaphakamitha esethiwe, isitshalo esingakhula. Ukuze ugcine ubukhulu bawo, unganciphisa ama-increments angemuva njengoba amahlumela ekhula. Izitshalo ezakhiwe ngendlela ye-bonsai zidinga ukunakekelwa okufanayo njengemijunipha ejwayelekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ungasebenzisi amanani amakhulu emanyolo, ukuze ungakhulumi ukukhula kwesibhamu.

Umsunguli ku-Feng Shui

I-Juniper isitshalo sepulaneti uSaturn, futhi uphawu lukaSaturn ungunkulunkulu wesikhathi uChronos, obusa ngokuguga. Lesi yisikole sokubekezela nobunzima, isayensi yokuhlakanipha. Uvimbela, "amandla" okusebenza, afundisa ukuthobeka, akavumeli ukuba ahlakazeke. Ngakho-ke kusobala ukuthi isitshalo semjunipha sinesifiso sokuba nayo yonke insimu. Into esemqoka kulolu cala ukusebenzisa ubunzima bukaSaturn ekukhanyeni kobubele nothando.

Ngakho-ke, safunda okwengeziwe ngomjunipha, ukutshala, ukuzinakekela nezinye izinhlobo ze-plant emangalisayo ye-coniferous plant.