Emahlathini asezintabeni zaseColombia, uhlobo lwe-Eucharis luye lwasakazeka kabanzi, olunegama elithile, i-Eucharis, futhi kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-10 zezitshalo ezihluma ikakhulu ebusika, emndenini wama-amarilissov. Lezi zitshalo zihlukaniswa izibonakaliso ezincane zezitshalo. Libizwa nangokuthi i-Amazon lily.
Igama lohlobo lwama-Eucharis luvela kumGreki, eliqukethe igama lesiGreki elithi Eucharis, elisho ukuthi "mnandi," "ugcwele ubuhle, umusa."
Ezindaweni zaseJurophu zezitshalo ze-botanical euharis zangena ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, futhi emva kwesikhathi esifushane waba yintandokazi jikelele.
I-Eucharis kuyinto isitshalo esihle esithile, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sezimbali. Lesi sitshalo sihlotshisiwe ehhovisi le-shelving, emahhovisi e-officehelves, etafuleni lekhofi, iKhabhinethi yombhede. Ungakwazi ngisho nokuhlobisa indlu yokugezela, kodwa ngewindi. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuphumula uharis unamahlamvu aluhlaza obumnyama, ngakho-ke ingaba ingemuva enhle yokuhlobisa izitshalo ezinamanzi. I-Eucharis ingatshalwa endaweni yokugcina indawo, kodwa kungcono ukuyibeka ngaphansi komkhumbi wezitshalo ezinkulu.
Ukunakekela isitshalo.
Ukukhanyisa. I-eucharis e-Indoor flower noma i-Amazonian lily ikhetha izindawo ezikhanyayo, nakuba ingakwazi ukubekezelela ukuntuleka kokukhanyisa. Kodwa ukushiya isitshalo ngaphansi kwelanga eliqondile akufanelekile, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwemisebe yomsindo, isitshalo asinakubekezelela. Indawo ekahle yokulima izoba ngamafasitela abheke entshonalanga noma empumalanga.
Ehlobo, kungcono ukugcina imbali ye-eucharis ngaphandle, kodwa indawo kufanele ivikelwe emini imvula ekhanyayo ilanga nemvula.
Umbuso wokushisa. I-Eucharis (ama-lily ama-Amazon) isitshalo se-thermophilic, ngakho ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti ebusuku obuhle, ikakhulukazi ama-frosts okuqala, ungashiyi isitshalo ngaphandle. Ukuze uthembeke, yenza ukushisa okuncane okuzungeze isitshalo kusuka kucezu elincane lefilimu ye-polyethylene.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, isitshalo kufanele sigcinwe ekushiseni kwama-degrees angaphansi kuka-18. Izinguquko ezinzima ziholela eqinisweni lokuthi izimbali zikhula kancane. Uma izinga lokushisa liwela ngezansi kwama-7-10 degrees, amaqabunga aqala ukuqubuka, futhi i-bulb iyabola.
Ukunisela. Ukuphuza isitshalo kufanele kube okulinganayo, kugweme ukugxila ngaphezulu nokumelela inhlabathi. Ukunisela kuyenziwa ngemuva kokuba i-1/3 yokuphakama kwesitsha isomile. Ukumiswa komhlaba wonke we-coma awuvunyelwe, njengoba nje i-substrate ingavunyelwe ukuba i-overmoisten (i-bulb nesistimu yezimpande zombili zibole kuwo). Kuyinto efiselekayo ukusebenzisa ukuchelela okuphansi, lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukugcoba okufanayo kwe-substrate. Amanzi aqoqiwe ngemuva kokuphuza epanini kufanele agciniwe, futhi i-tray kumele ibe yomile, ngoba lokhu kumele kukhishwe isomile. Amanzi kufanele alandelwe amanzi athambile, agcinwe kahle.
Ukuze euharis ikhule kahle, udinga isikhathi sokuphumula senyanga 1-1.5. Isikhathi sokuphumula, njengomthetho, sihlelwe ngemuva kokuqhakaza. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukuchelela kumele kuncishiswe, futhi isitshalo kufanele sigcinwe esimweni esomile esomile. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, i-eucharis idinga ukukhanya okuhle. Amanzi kufanele abe ngemuva kokuba i-substrate isomile, ibeke ingxenye engaphezulu kwesibindi. Amanzi kufanele abe ngamaphesenti amancane amanzi, lokhu kuzokwenzela yonke i-substrate, kuyilapho kungabi manzi kakhulu.
Ngesikhathi semifino, i-euharis iyasiza ukupunga. Kodwa ngenkathi ukuqhuma izimbali ziyeka, noma ukupuniza kwenziwa ngokucophelela, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izimbali azishayi amanzi. Uma izimbali zithola umswakama, khona-ke ziyoba nezindawo ezimnyama, kusukela kulokhu zilahlekelwe ukuhlobisa kwazo.
Ukuze ugeze uthuli emaqabunga, ungawasula ngeponji elincane, noma uwageze ngaphansi komfula, kodwa ungafaki amanzi ku-substrate.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ukugqoka okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokukhula kufanele kwenziwe ngamasonto amabili kanye, ukushintshanisa amaminerali kanye neziqu eziphilayo. Ngemuva kokuba lesi sitshalo siphelile, asikho isidingo sokufaka umanyolo owengeziwe.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo nokukhiqiza. I-Euharis iyisitshalo esibekezelela ubuhlungu umonakalo wempande, ukufakelwa kabusha, nokuphazamiseka kwe-coma.
Ukutshala i-lily i-Amazon njalo eminyakeni emine, hhayi njalo. Njengoba zikhula, ama-bulbs of the plant abe mkhulu futhi agcwalise ngokoqobo imbiza, lapho lesi sitshalo asinakho indawo yokudla futhi siqala ukufa. Ukutshala noma ukutshala isitshalo kubalulekile ngoMashi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha u-wand bese ukhulule kancane u-substrate, uqondise izimpande ezinamafutha. Izingxenye ezinzima kunazo zonke zezimpande kufanele zihlanzwe ngokucophelela ngamanzi, ukuze zingalimazi. Ama-bulb afakwa ebhodweni ngezansi kwezinga le-substrate ngamasentimitha angu-2-3. Ukuzithoba ngezungeze ama-bulb kufanele kuhlanjululwe kahle. Uma utshala ibhabhu ngaphandle kwamaqabunga, ingafakwa ebhodweni ukuze kuphela izinsalela eziphezulu ngaphezu kwenhlabathi. Kulokhu, ungabona lapho isitshalo siqala ukukhula. Emva kokutshala, amasonto amathathu alandelayo, amanzi euharis kufanele abe ngokucophelela, lapho khona amaqabunga kudinga ukupomfa njalo njalo. Inyanga emva kokutshala ama-bulbs eziqongweni zamaqabunga amasha izoqala ukukhombisa.
Kusukela emigomeni yakho kuzoxhomeka, ukuhlukanisa ama-bulbs noma ukungafani ne-ampliphu. Uma ama-bulb agcinwa eduze, khona-ke isitshalo esincane sizokhula kancane. Kodwa, uma ama-bulb atshalwa ngamakhophi ngamanye amakhophi, i-plants encane ikhula ngokushesha, kepha izimbali aziqali kuze kube yilapho isibhamu singandeli ngobuningi obanele. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa izingane njalo ngonyaka.
Uma ungafuni ukwandisa imbali yangaphakathi euharis masinyane, ke izingane zeluleka ukuba zingaboni, lokhu uzothola ukuqhakaza okukhulu.
Ukutshala kuyadingeka ukuthatha izimbiza eziphakeme, ezincane nezimbobo eziningana, okudingekayo ukuze amanzi ahlanzeke kahle. Ngezansi kuthululwa ubumba oluxubene nama-shards (lokhu kuzoba amanzi amanzi, ungqimba kufanele lube lukhulu). Embizeni, ungatshala ama-5, kanti kufanele ube ngamasentimitha angu-4-5 ngaphansi kwezinga lomhlabathi. Embizeni eqinile ayikuvumelekile ukutshala iqembu kwama-bul, ngakho ngeke ukwazi ukufeza izimbali ezinhle.
Izinkinga ezingabhekana nazo.
- U-Euharis akaqhakazi. Ukubukeka kwamabhula amazinyane kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi isitshalo sesivele silungele ukuqhuma. Kodwa uma lesi sitshalo singaqhubeki ngonyaka wokuqala, ngonyaka wesibili, lokhu kubonisa ukungabi nokuthula.
- Ama-bulwe aqinile futhi abolile ngokuvamile ayenamaxhoba hhayi kuphela izimpungushe zamangqamu amafungal, kodwa nakwezinye izinambuzane zenhlabathi. Lezi zinambuzane zihlasela ama-weak, angenampilo.
- Izinguquko zokushisa ezihlabayo zibangela izimbali ezincane. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuqapha izinga lokushisa hhayi ukuwa ngezansi degrees 10. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe eliphansi livimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo lonke, futhi kubangela ukubola kwama-bulbs.
- Ukuthintwa u-euharis spider mite, ama-aphid.