Ama-erythrocytes
Ama-erythrocytes amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, okuthi ngenxa yezinto eziqukethwe kuwo, amaprotheni akhethekile - i-hemoglobin, enza emzimbeni imisebenzi emithathu eyisisekelo: ukuthutha, ukulawula nokuvikela.
Kunezinhlobo ezithile ze-erythrocytes egazini lamadoda (4,0-5,01012 / l) nabesifazane (3,9-4,7 / l). Le parameter inqunywa ukuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele. Ukungaphenduki kunokwenzeka kuzo zombili izinkomba.
Ukuthi igazi lihlelwa kanjani
Igazi lingumphakathi omswakama owenza imisebenzi yamanzi nokuthutha emzimbeni.
Imizimba eminingi iqhaza kulezi zinqubo:
umnkantsha obomvu;
i-lymph nodes;
i-thymus gland (thymus);
isilwane, isibindi nezinso. Isimangaliso esiyinhloko se-hematopoiesis (hemopoiesis) senzeke emnzini wethambo obomvu: yilapho lapho amangqamuzana akhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-polypotent stem cell (PUK) eyodwa. Zonke "izinyosi ezisebenzayo" zegazi lethu - isakhi esiyinhloko, okungukuthi, izakhi zayo ezifanayo: amaseli egazi abomvu, ama-leukocytes, amaplatelet, avela kuso. Umjikelezo wokuphila wamaseli ahlukene egazi kusuka ku-1C kuya kwezingu-120. Emva kwalesi sikhathi, amaseli agcwalise umsebenzi wawo kufanele ahlungwe futhi asuswe emzimbeni. Lokhu kuhambisana "nezihlungi" ezikhethekile - i-spleen, isibindi nezinso. Esikhundleni sama-fighters "asetshenziselwe umhlalaphansi" angena ngokushesha. Futhi ngakho konke ukuphila kwami.
Ukuvikela
Bamba iqhaza ekukhunjweni okuqondile nangokwemvelo.
I-Erythrocytosis
Lokhu kunyuke kwinani lamaseli abomvu wegazi ngalinye ngeyunithi yeyunithi yegazi, isakhi esiyinhloko. I-Erythrocytosis ayidla ngokwanele (ngokuvamile isifo sesinye isifo). Izinketho ezivame kakhulu ziyi:
i-erythrocytosis eyinhloko (i-polycythemia yeqiniso);
i-erythrocytosis yesibili.
Izimo ezenzeka kuzo: "i-erythrocytosis ephezulu" (ukuphakama kwemvelo yemvelo yamangqamuzana egazi abomvu lapho ephakeme);
ezinye izinhlobo zokudakwa komzimba;
isifo senhliziyo esiswini;
isisu esibi (izinso);
isifo se-chronic obstructive pulmonary;
Isisu sesisu, i-erythropenia ne-anemia.
Lokhu kuncipha ekubaleni kwegazi elibomvu. I-Erythropenia, njengombuso, iyisibonakaliso sesifo segazi esivame kakhulu - i-anemia (kwelinye - i-anemia).
Lokhu kunciphisa egazini - isitho esiyinhloko se-hemoglobin (isamba sika 130-160 g / l samadoda kanye no 120-150 g / l yabesifazane), lapho ezimweni eziningi izinga lamaseli abomvu liyehla.
Izimbangela ze-anemia:
ukulahlekelwa kwegazi (ngokulimala, izilonda, izifo ezingelapheki, ukuhamba esikhathini esibi kakhulu);
ukuphazamiseka kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela noma umsebenzi wezingqungquthela ze-endocrine;
ukukhulelwa;
ukungena kwe-anatomophysiological yezingxenye ze-hematopoiesis (isibonelo, ezinganeni zonyaka wokuqala wokuphila), njll.
Enhliziyweni yama-anemias amaningi ukwephula "ukukhiqizwa" kwe-hemoglobin. Ukuze sikhiqize ngokungenakathinteka nangokwanele, umzimba wethu udinga: insimbi, amaprotheni, i-vitamin B6, i-vitamin B12 ne-vitamin B7 (folic acid). Ukuntula okungenani oyedwa wabo kuholela ekunciphiseni izinga le-hemoglobin. Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko se-anemia yisifo sekhanda kanye nokuphelelwa kwesifo esijwayelekile. Uma ungahambi kudokotela ngesikhathi, ungase ube nezimpawu ezingathí sina:
ukuvuvukala emaphethelweni;
ukunciphisa ukudla;
isifo sohudo noma ukuqotshwa;
isikhumba esomile, izipikili ezinamahloni, ukubola nokulahlekelwa izinwele;
Ukuhlukunyezwa emagumbini omlomo noma stomatitis;
ukuphefumula, i-tachycardia, ukukhononda kwama-systolic.
Uma kwenzeka i-anemia, imikhuhlane ingaba kaningi, kungase kutholakale ukunambitheka kanye nokuhlanekezela okungafani (ufuna ukuhlafuna ukudlala noma ukudlala, udle ukudla okuluhlaza - amazambane, inyama, inhlama noma okusanhlamvu, uphuze iphunga elimnandi - amapende, i-acetone, i-varnish).
Okufanele ukwenze
Indlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke ye-anemia yinkinga ye-iron. Uma kukhonjisiwe, okokuqala kudingekile ukwakha umsoco kanye nokubusa okufanele.
Ukupheka komphakathi kusuka ekudleni kwegazi
3 ama-apula angacacisiwe aphule, uthele i-litre elilodwa lamanzi abilisiwe, ubilise amaminithi angu-10. ngokushisa okuphansi, gcizelela isigamu sehora bese wengeza uju. 1 ingilazi izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngosuku
300 g kagalikhi ukudlula i-grinder yenyama, uthele i-litre elilodwa lokuphuza utshwala, unike amaviki amabili futhi uthathe amaconsi angu-20 ubisi izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku. Ekuseni nasebusuku kugwinya ngokuphelele (ukugwema iphunga) esithombeni esingenalutho nge-clove 4-5 encane;
Uhlu lwemikhiqizo lapho ukudla kufanele kube khona kakhulu. Lokhu kukudla kwamaprotheni (okusanhlamvu), kanye nokusanhlamvu (ama-oatmeal-oatmeal, i-buckwheat, i-millet, i-oatmeal, i-legumes), nemifino (izimpande zika-parsley, isipinashi, i-dill, izaqathe, i-beet, utamatisi, i-parsley), nezithelo (i-citrus, blackcurrant , amaphisilethi, ama-apricot, ama-cherry plums, amapheya, ama-apula), nezithelo ezomisiwe (ama-apricot omisiwe, omisiwe, izinsuku). Isinkwa sibuye sisebenzise ufulawa ophelele, uju nama-alimondi. Uma umzimba unenkinga enkulu yensimbi, ukugcizelela kungcono kwimikhiqizo yenyama: iqukethe ifomu okuthiwa i-heme (insimbi, ihlanganiswe namaprotheni). Kufanele ucabange ukuhambisana kwemikhiqizo. Ngakho-ke, kwaziwa ukuthi ezinye zazo ziphazamisa ukufaniswa kwensimbi (itiye, i-bran, amafutha, kanye nobisi kanye nofulawa wokudla okuhlangene nenyama), kuyilapho abanye, ngokuphambene nalokho, basize (i-orange ne-grapefruit juice, broccoli).
... Noma amaphilisi okudla kwasemini?
Ukudla okunembile kwe-anemia kuyadingeka. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuba sithole izifundo zokwelashwa ngamalungiselelo ensimbi. Imithi kufanele ithathwe kuphela emthethweni kadokotela futhi ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwakhe emva kokuhlolwa kokuqala (inani elincane lokuhlolwa: ukuhlolwa kwegazi emtholampilo, i-serum iron, ferritin, transferrin).
Ama-leukocytes
Amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi amhlophe amangqamuzana egazi ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo eziningana:
I-Granoisocytes (i-granular); i-neutrophils; i-eosinophils; basophils.
I-Agranooocytes (engahloliswanga); i-lymphocytes; monocytes.
Inhloso eyinhloko yazo zonke i-leukocyte ukubandakanya ezinhlobonhlobo zokuvikelwa komzimba ezinqenqemeni ezilimazayo zangaphandle (ukuvikeleka kwamagciwane, i-phagocytosis, i-pinocytosis, ukuhambisana nesistimu, njll). Kanye nama-erythrocytes, ama-leukocyte anemigomo ethile yobuningi bawo egazini (4,0 - 9,0109 / l). Njengoba i-leukocyte ihilelekile ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba, ukuntuleka kwabo kunciphisa umzabalazo wemvelo nezifo ezihlukahlukene zezifo. Futhi imiphumela ayinakulinganiswa.
I-leukemia: ungaphuthelwa umzuzu
Izifo ezivame kakhulu eziholela ekuguqulweni kwenani lama-leukocyte kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo i-leukemia (leukemia) - iqembu lezifo ezibulalayo zesistimu ye-hematopoiesis, ngezinye izikhathi ehlanganiswa igama elivamile "umdlavuza wegazi". Isiqalo saleso sifo ukuguqulwa nokuguqulwa kwamangqamuzana omnyo ophethe i-hemopoiesis (okungukuthi, ukwenziwa kwamaseli egazi). Ingozi ye-leukemia yukuthi ekuqaleni akubonakalwanga - ukukhathala kwanda kancane (wonke umuntu uyakhathala!), Ngifuna ukulala emini (ngakho okungapheliyo akwanele!), Kunzima ukuphefumula futhi ikhanda lami liyaphenya (yilokho indlela i-ecology iyazi ngayo!). Izimbangela ze-leukemia azikaqondi ngokugcwele. Amacala ajwayelekile uma lesi sifo sidluliselwa ngefa, ngakho-ke uma ngabe kunezimo zomdlavuza wegazi emndenini (ngisho nasemagatsheni ohlangothini), kufanele uqaphele ngokukhethekile impilo yakho: uye kudokotela njalo bese wenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngamakhamera e-leukemia. Kunezimboni ezihlangene zokwelapha umdlavuza wegazi, ezenziwe ngezikhungo ezikhethekile.
Platelets
Ama-platelets ayizigcawu zegazi, umsebenzi oyinhloko wokuyeka ukuphuma kwegazi (hemostasis).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaplatelets ahlanganyela ekuvikeleni umzimba ezivela kumazwe angaphandle: ayenomsebenzi we-phagocytic, angumthombo we-lysozyme kanye ne-p-lysines, ekwazi ukubhubhisa izinambuzane zamabhaktheriya athile, futhi akhululwe emakhemikhali athile egazi avikela umzimba ukuba ungatholi izifo.
Kunezinhlobo ezithile zokugcinwa kwamaplatelet egazini (180-360 109 / l). Ukwehlukana kunokwenzeka kuzo zombili izinkomba, kodwa isimo se-pathological kuphela ukwehla kwenani le-thrombocytes, okungukuthi, i-thrombocytopenia. Njengazo zonke izifo ezihambisana nama-platelet, i-thrombocytopenia ihlobene ngokuqondile ne-hemostasis-inqubo yokuyeka ukuphuma. Ngosizo lwe-thrombocytes, okuthiwa i-vascular-platelet hemostasis iyaqaphela. Iphukile, khona-ke emzimbeni wesiguli kukhona izivunguvungu eziningi kanye negazi, ukuphuma kwegazi kuyanda (futhi, mhlawumbe, uterine, isisu, isisu, njll).
I-Hemostasis: ama-extremes amabili
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi igazi "liyeka" kahle - ukuze i-blood clots engapheli ifomu emithanjeni yegazi (thrombosis, infarction myocardial, stroke) noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, kunzima kakhulu ukuyeka (i-hemophilia yisifo esingavamile esithinta amadoda kuphela). Lezi zifo azihlanganiswa kuphela nge-hemostasis ye-vascular platelet. Ngokubamba iqhaza kwamaplatelet kuphela, ukuphuma okukhulu okuhlobene nokulimala emithonjeni emikhulu yegazi (i-arteries, i-veins, i-arterioles) ayikwazi ukumiswa. Lapha, esinye isimiso se-hemostasis singena esenzweni - i-plasma hemostasis (ukubamba iqhaza kwezinto ezenziwe nge-plasma coagulation). Ngenhlanhla, izifo ze-hemostatic zivame kakhulu kunezinye izifo ze-hematologic.
Yini i-autohemotherapy
Indlela yokwelashwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo ezisabekayo (isibonelo, furunculosis kanye nama-acne, angakwazi ukulungiswa). Iqukethe ukujova kwesisu noma kwesigcawu segazi lesiguli esithathwe emthanjeni (ngezinye izikhathi kuhlanganiswe ne-ozone therapy). Ngakho-ke, imisebenzi yokuzivikela yomzimba iyashukumiswa futhi izinqubo ze-metabolic ziyathuthukiswa. Kunconywa iziguli eziphikisana nemithi elwa namagciwane. Isimo esikhulu - inqubo kufanele yenziwe ngumchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe.
Uhlobo luni lwegazi, yini egulayo
Kukhona imibiko yokuthi abantu abanezinhlobo ezahlukene zegazi bangakwazi ukuthola izifo ezihlukahlukene:
Iqembu I: isisu esiswini nesilonda esisodwa;
Iqembu lesibili: isifo sikashukela, isisu nesifo sofuba, ukukhula kwegazi ngokuhambisana, ngokulandelana, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nokushaya;
Iqembu le-III: umdlavuza wekolon;
Iqembu le-IV: izifo zenhliziyo nezifo, i-anemia.