Ukubuyiswa kwemithambo yegazi
Ngokuvamile, udokotela ohlinzayo angabuyisa imithi eyodwa noma ngaphezulu enezindonga ezinomsoco, okuvumela igazi ukuba ligijimele ezicukwaneni. Kodwa-ke, imifino inezindonga ezincane, okulukhuni kakhulu ukusebenza ngazo. Njengomthetho, udokotela ohlinzayo uyakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngegazi engxenyeni yomzimba, kodwa kaningi akakwazi ukunikeza ukuphuma okwanele kwe-venous. Ngenxa yalokho, ingxenye eyakhiwe kabusha yomzimba ngenxa yokuxubana kwe-venous ibanda futhi i-cyanotic - futhi kunengozi enkulu yokulahleka kwayo. Amahlumela asiza ukuqinisekisa ukuphuma kwegazi ngenxa yokuthi livimbela ukugcoba kwalo. Ama-leeches asetshenziselwa ukuqeda ukuhlanganiswa okwezinyosi kwezinsuku ezilodwa noma ezimbili emva kokuhlanganiswa kwesikhumba noma ukutshala kabusha ingxenye yomzimba. Izinzuzo zokuzisebenzisa ziwusizo ngoba indawo yokuluma i-leech yegazi iphakathi kwamahora angu-10. Ayikho umkhiqizo wezokwelapha okwazi ukuhlinzeka ngaleyo ndlela ephaphaza isikhathi eside kusuka kwilonda lokungena. Ama-leeches enza umsebenzi kalula.
Isicelo sezinhlanzi
Odokotela abahlinzayo banikeza izilonda ezilodwa noma ezimbili ukuncelisa endaweni ye-flap ngegazi elingakahleleki futhi ziwashiye aze agcwaliswe (cishe imizuzu engama-30). Ngemuva kokuba ama-leeches ashabalale, ukuphuma kancane kancane endaweni yokuluma kuqhubeka isikhathi eside. Inikeza ukujikeleza okufakelwayo, okwenza ngokushesha isimo sesiguli. Igazi elisha lingena ku-flap ngokusebenzisa imishanguzo, kodwa manje linendlela yokuphuma evela endaweni ethintekile. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine i-flap noma ingxenye ephikisiwe yomzimba iphile kuze kube yilapho umzimba uvuselela ukuxhumana kwawo okubuhlungu. Ngokuvamile kuthatha izinsuku ezingu-3-5. Uma kunesidingo, ama-leeches atshalwe kabusha cishe njalo emahoreni angu-8 noma uma ukuphuma kwamakhaza okudlulile sekuphela. Umphumela wokusebenzisa i-leeches iyamangalisa. Iphunga elibandayo neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka liyafudumala futhi liluhlaza emaminithini ambalwa nje. Isilinganiso sokuphumelela esiqinisekisiwe singaphezu kuka-90%. Noma kunjalo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lokhu, okokuqala, ukunikezwa kwegazi okwanele kufanele kuhlinzekwe. Ngokuntuleka komzimba, izikhumba azizisi. Kulezi zimo, i-flap iyakwazi ukutheleleka (kufaka hlangana nezikhwama ngokwazo). Ama-leeches asetshenziselwa ukukhulula izimpawu ezibuhlungu noma ezingathandeki ku-edema ezihlobene namanye amagciwane. Isibonelo, ezimweni lapho isiguli singavuli amehlo akhe ngenxa ye-edema noma i-scrotum ikhuliswa kabi. I-leech inezinsalela zombili zomphefumulo womzimba. I-sucker posterior isebenza kuphela okunamathiselwe, kanti i-anterior eyodwa ijikeleza umlomo. Ngenkathi kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-650 zezilonda emhlabeni, kuphela ezimbalwa zazo eziguquguqukayo ukuze zihlasele izidalwa ezincelisayo. Kuhlinzwa okwamanje, i-European medical leech Hirudo imithi yokwelapha isetshenziswa.
Indlela Yokudla KwamaLeeches
I-leech yezokwelapha ifakwe kahle ekudleni igazi lezilwane ezincelisayo. Inezinhlanzi ezintathu ezihambayo, umkhawulo ngamunye ophethe amazinyo angama-100 abukhali. Uma ukondla umhlathi ugaye esikhunjeni somuntu oyisisulu ngenkathi phakathi kwamazinyo uphuma ngaphandle kwamanye amazinyo. Ngamanye amazwi, amahlombe asebenza ngesikhathi esifanayo njenge-saw, okwenza isilonda sinezingxenye ezintathu eziguquguqukayo ngesikhathi esisodwa. I-saliva yama-leeches iqukethe isethi yonke yezinto ezisebenzayo ze-pharmacologically, ezinye zazo eziye zahlukaniswa futhi zifundwa kahle manje. Okuhle kunazo zonke i-anticoagulant hirudin enamandla, i-inhibitor ye-thrombin (i-enzyme ehilelekile ekwenzeni i-blood coagulation). UHirudin okwamanje ukhiqizwa ngosizo lobuchwepheshe bezakhi zofuzo futhi isetshenziswa ngokuphumelelayo ekwelapheni kwe-vein thrombosis ejulile.
Isikhathi sokuphuza
Kodwa-ke, izivivinyo zibonise ukuthi okungewona u-hirudin unesibopho sobude obuhlukile bokuphuma kwegazi okwenzeka ngenxa yokulunywa kwe-leech. Lesi sitshalo sageza esilonda emaminithini angu-15, emva kwalokho igazi kufanele lihlungwe. Naphezu kwalokhu, ukuphuma kwegazi kuqhubeka amahora angu-10. Ngokusobala, ngesikhathi ukhetho lwemvelo lwamahlumela lwakha izindlela ezisebenzayo. Ujoyina i-collagen, engenye yezinto ezinamandla kakhulu zokugaya igazi, futhi ivimbela ikhono layo lokuqala inqubo ye-thrombosis. Igazi egazini kuzo zonke ezinye izici livamile futhi likwazi ukugcoba. Ngokujoyina ku-collagen emaphethelweni enxeba, i-caleline ayihlanzi kuyo, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulisa umphumela wamahora amaningi. Izwe lidinga uketshezi lwe-microsurgery likhulu kakhulu kangangokuthi lihloselwe ngokukhethekile kule njongo emapulazini akhethekile, lapho ixhapha igazi legundane ngekhanda. Abantu abadala abadala abagcotshwe bahlelwa ukukhiqiza emasethini ahlanganiswe nama-moss amanzi. Ngesikhathi sokubeka amaqanda, i-leech inika imfihlo encane ngendlela ye-cocoon engxenyeni ephakathi yomzimba. Le cocoon igxila phezu kwekhanda, i-cocoon ngayinye ihlukaniswe ibe ngamaseli angaba ngu-15, ngalinye eliqukethe i-leech encane. Ekudleni ngakunye, i-leech ethuthukayo ikhula cishe izikhathi ezingu-5 ngobukhulu bomzimba. Ngemva kokusondeza okungu-5 i-leech ifinyelela ubude bamamitha angu-7 futhi isilungele ukusetshenziswa ngezinhloso zomtholampilo.