Izifo zomdlavuza wesikhumba nomdlavuza webele
Ukushona kwelanga kudala ukuguga kwesikhumba ngaphambi kwesikhathi (uma kwenzeka ukuchayeka ngokweqile elangeni - imizuzu engaphezu kwengu-30 ngosuku). Ukwandisa ingozi yesifo sobusuku noma ukushisa. Uyini umehluko ophakathi kwe-tani lolwandle nomfula wamanzi noma ungene ku-solarium? Ngabe wonke umuntu angasebenzisa imikhiqizo yokuhlanza? Ungakhetha kanjani i-sunscreen efanele? Sizophendula imibuzo eshisayo. Esolwandle, sithola okuningi okungaqondile, kodwa kubonakala sengathi kukhanya kwe-UV. Phela, imisebe yelanga ibonakala cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo. Uma sishintsha ilanga emasimini aseMoscow, inani lemisebe ebonakalayo lizoba ngama-20% nje kuphela, kanti u-80% uzothathwa ngotshani. Esikhathini sasogwini olunesihlabathi lokhu kuzoba nokuguqulwa kwesilinganiso, futhi imisebe yelanga igxilisa okuningi emanzini kunamanzi. Yingakho umcibisholo womfula noma wezwe ukhula "kancane" kunasezantsi. Isici sesibili sokwehlukana okunjalo - ngokuvamile isikhumba sithola umthunzi we-grayish. Lokhu kubangelwa ukuthi isikhumba siphendule i-irradiation, sinesikhathi sokusabela nje kuphela ngokufakwa kwe-melanin, kodwa futhi nokuqina kwe-stratum corneum engaphandle. Lokhu kuyindlela yokuvikela isikhumba ekuvikeleni kwesikhumba, kepha eningizimu akuyona into ebonakalayo, njengoba ukufakwa kwe-melanin kukhulu kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-tan eseningizimu yezizathu ezifanayo futhi ishiya ngokushesha, njengoba i-pigment sluschivaetsya kanye namaseli e-epidermis avela phezulu kwesikhumba.
Ukushiswa kwelanga kukwazi okuningi, kokubili kubi nokuhle, isibonelo:
• Kwangathi kungenza amakhompi aqine.
• Kubangela ukufaka isithombe esithombeni. Ukukhanyisa endaweni ephakathi yaseRussia, ungakhohlwa izindlela zokuzivikela ezinambuzaneni (ikakhulukazi izibungu eziyingozi).
Ezingxenyeni ze-solariums, ngokungafani nelanga lemvelo, ububanzi bemisebe ye-ultraviolet ngokucacile bubekwe, okwenza kube lula ukuyilawula. Kodwa-ke, i-solarium iyingozi njengesikhumba njengelanga elishisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla okushisa ama-lamp of solarium angaphezu kwezikhathi eziningana kunamandla emisebe yelanga. Ngakho-ke, akufanele baphathwe kabi, "banamathela" ku-capsule imizuzu engaphezu kwengu-10. Ngokushisa kwelanga ku-solarium, abanye abantu "bahlala phansi", njengezidakamizwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi nge-UV-irradiation emahomoni obuchopho obumnandi akhiqizwa i-endorphins, isimo saso sivuka. Ukushiswa kwelanga okutholakala ku-solarium kudinga ukwesekwa, ngaphandle kwalokhu isikhumba siba mnandi futhi sifunga. Lokhu futhi kwakha ukuxhomeka kwi-solarium. Njenganoma iyiphi enye indlela yokuthembela, "i-solarium-mania" enjalo ayikho into enhle. Ukubhubhisa njalo futhi okunamandla kwesikhumba nge-UV emisebe enamandla e-solarium igcwele ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhumba kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza hhayi kuphela yesikhumba, kodwa futhi nezitho zangaphakathi, ikakhulukazi isifuba, isifo segciwane, nesisu somzimba. Ukuthi ezinye izidakamizwa zingabangela i-photosensitivity, okungukuthi, ngasemuva kokwamukelwa kwabo, isikhumba sizwela kakhulu emisebeni ye-UV, ingozi yokushisa ilanga nokuthuthukiswa kwezingulube ezingafuneki kuyanda. Uma ungasincoma sunbathing ngenxa yezizathu zezempilo, khona-ke i-solarium iphinde iyaqhathaniswa.
I-tan eyingozi noma ewusizo?
Konke kuxhomeke kumthamo. Ephendula imisebe yelanga, isikhumba siqala ukukhiqiza u-vithamini D, okudingekayo ukugcina ibhalansi kanye nokuqinisa amathambo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kubahlali basemaphandleni asezindaweni ezisenyakatho, ngoba iningi lonyaka sinaso ubuso kanye nezandla ezivulekile elangeni. Ilanga livuselela i-immunity, lisiza ukulwa nokucindezeleka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ososayensi baye bafakazela ngokucacile ukuthi 80% yezibonakaliso zokuguga izindawo ezivulekile zomzimba futhi, okokuqala, ubuso bubangelwa photoage (ezihambisana nemisebe yelanga). Imisebe ye-UV yohlobo A (UFA) futhi uthayipha u-B (UVB) unomphumela omubi esakhiweni sesikhumba. Imibala ye-UVB ingabangela isikhumba sishise. Kuwuphawu lokuvikelwa kuloluhlobo lwama-irradiation futhi kuboniswa ku-sunscreen kusho (SPF). Imisebe ye-UVA ayibangeli ukushisa, kodwa ingangena ngaphakathi esikhunjeni, idale umonakalo we-collagen, ukomisa isikhumba futhi ukwandise ingozi yomdlavuza. Ngakho-ke, ukhetha i-sunscreen, akufanele unake kakhulu ukubaluleka kwe-SPF-factor, ngokuqondene ne-UVB kuphela, kodwa ukuhlunga kwe-UVA, ukuzinza kwamandla okuhambisa amanzi kanye nesihlabathi.
Uma ubukhulu be-stratum corneum ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zobuso noma umzimba akufani, ukuhlunga okuzenzakalelayo kungabonakala kungalingani, izibazi. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo sokuzikhiya, yenza kahle ngokucubungula noma eminye imikhiqizo exfolizelayo ebushelela isikhumba. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-auto-tanning agents abakhiqizi abaziwayo bemikhiqizo yezimonyoleka kuphephile esikhumbeni (uma kungenjalo, yebo, imithi). Kodwa-ke, ukuze uthole isikhumba sibe ngophawu olushelelekile, ukucwilisa kumele kubuyekezwe njalo ngezinsuku ezingu-2-3, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kufanelana nekhono, ngaphandle kwalokho isikhumba singenakugwemeka isahlukaniso nezindawo ezimnyama.