Izakhiwo zamafutha aqoshiwe
Imbewu yokudlwengula iqukethe amafutha angama-35-50%, ama-5-7% ama-fibre kanye nama-18-31% amaprotheni, alungele kahle ama-amino acids. Lesi sitshalo ngokweqile lamafutha namaprotheni adlula i-soya futhi ngenye indlela nge-sunflower kanye nesinaphi.
Njengamanje, imakethe igcwele amafutha adle, ngakho-ke imizamo yenziwa ekusetshenzisweni okungekho kokudla kwama-rapeseed. Namuhla, imithombo yemifino izama ukukhiqiza uphethiloli oluthile, okudingekayo, isibonelo, ezindaweni ezisenyakatho. Amafutha okudlwengula angasetshenziswa ngale njongo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingasetshenziswa ukuthutha izimoto. Akuyona into enobuthi, ngakho-ke ingakwazi ukubuyisela ngokuphelele uphethiloli.
Ukudlwengula kuyasetshenziswa futhi njengesitshalo se-forage. It isetshenziselwa haylage kanye mass green, kanye ufulawa herbal ngokuhambisana nezinye izitshalo, futhi ngendlela ehlanzekile. Lesi sitshalo futhi siyisitshalo sezinkomo (izingulube, izimvu, njll). Ukudlwengula kukhula ngokushesha futhi kunamaprotheni amaningi, aqukethe isulfure. Ekusetshenzisweni kokudlwengula, izimvu zikhiqizwa ngokukhethekile, ngoba lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa izigameko zezinkomo ezincane futhi kwandise isivuno sempilo / uboya. Kusukela emasimini okudlwengula, izinyosi ziqoqa ama-80-90 kilogram yamaju (1 ha).
Ngemva kokucubungula imbewu ye-rapeseed, kutholakala amafutha aphelele ayenamaprotheni amakhulu. Iprotheyini yalesi simila ifana nokubunjwa kwamaprotheni, soy, ibhotela lezinkomo, ubisi namaqanda.
Amafutha aphuziwe adumile ngekhwalithi yawo ngakho-ke kunesidingo kuwo wonke umhlaba. Ezimakethe zomhlaba, la mafutha aphezulu ezintweni ezinhlanu ngokuvota kokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kanye nokuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe, isigaba sesine. Yesibili kuphela kwesundu, ama-soya namafutha we-sunflower.
Namuhla, isitshalo sokudlwengula minyaka yonke siyalinywa emazweni ahlukene emhlabeni, ikakhulukazi njengesitshalo se-oilseed. Amafutha e-canola atholakala kumbewu ehlaziwayo asetshenziselwa ukudla emazweni amaningi emhlabeni.
Ekubunjweni kwayo, i-rapeseed ihlanganisa inani elikhulu lama-acid a-unsaturated, okubalulekile ekulawuleni umthamo we-fatabolism. Lokhu kunquma izindawo zokuphulukisa zamafutha. Ngakho-ke, amafutha aphuziwe asiza ekunciphiseni i-cholesterol futhi avimbele ukuthi kungenzeka ukubunjwa kwe-thrombus nezinye izifo. Lezi zinhlobo ze-acids azivami ukutholakala kumafutha wesilwane. Odokotela baphikisana ngokuthi ekubunjweni kwamafutha aphuziwe kukhona izinto ezingavumelani ne-irradiation.
Ngenxa ye-erucic acid emafutheni e-rapeseed, isetshenziswe ngokugcwele emkhakheni wezinhlobo ezahlukene zembonini (nge-metallurgy for hardening of steel, njll). Ngaphezu kwalokho, amafutha, asetshenziselwa ama-rapeseed, aphikisana namazinga okushisa aphansi, ngakho-ke angasetshenziswa njenge-lubricant injini ze-jet.
Amafutha ahlaziyekayo angasetshenziswa njengento eluhlaza ekwakhiweni kwezinsimbi ezithintekayo ngenxa yekhono layo ku-160-250 ° C ukuze unamathisele isulfure futhi uhlanganise ubuningi be-rubbery mass. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose / furfural, utshani lwezitshalo kanye namapheshana ama-pods kufanelekile. Amafutha aphuziwe asetshenziselwa ama-textile, amakhemikhali, isikhumba, ukunyathelisa, insipho, izimonyo kanye nokudweba kanye nezimboni ze-varnish.
Imbewu yokudlwengulwa idume ngokumakhemikhali okwehlukile, ngoba ihluke ekubunjweni kwezinye izitshalo zamafutha. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamafutha e-rapeseed yi-erucic acid okuqukethwe ku-glycerides ne-phospholipids, kanye nokutholakala kwe-glucosides, equkethe isulfure emaprotheni ingxenye yembewu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-rapeseed iqukethe i-myrosinase ye-enzyme, ekwazi ukumisa i-thioglucosides.
Okuqukethwe kwe-erucic acid kwisitshalo saminyaka yonke kungu-42-52%. Ukuba khona kwayo ku-rapeseed kungabhekwa njengesici esihle noma esibi esitshalweni. Konke kuncike ngenhloso yokusetshenziswa - ukudla noma ezobuchwepheshe.
Kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi i-erucic acid ingaba nomthelela omubi emzimbeni womuntu futhi, okokuqala, ngokushintshaniswa kwe-lipids kwezinye izitho zangaphakathi. Lapho behambisa amafutha aphuziwe ezilwane nezinyoni, babe nezinguquko ze-necrotic kumsebenzi we-myocardium, umsebenzi wokuqothulwa ngokweqile, isibindi sesibindi. I-thioglycosides yamafutha ingabangela ukucasuka kwe-membrane emangcwabeni ye-digestive system, iphethri yokuphefumula, ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza okujwayelekile kwegciwane le-thyroid. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-thioglycosides ibangela imishini yokulimaza.