Ukuzalwa kwengane elinde isikhathi eside kumama nobaba kuyinjabulo enkulu. Emaminithini okuqala okuphila kwengane, odokotela nababelethisi besigceme sokubeletha benza uhlolo. Futhi emva kokuhlolwa okuncane kwengane kunikwe unina. Ngemuva kokuba umama omusha ethatha umntwana ezandleni zakhe, kuthokozisa kakhulu kunokuba umuntu emhlabeni wonke athole, kusukela ukuzalwa kwengane kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni kwabesifazane bonke. Kodwa njengoba kubalulekile kunoma yimuphi umama ingumntwana wengane yakhe elinde isikhathi eside.
Kodwa nokho, sizibuza ukuthi yini eyenziwa ngababelethisi ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwengane nokuthi yiyiphi isilinganiso se-Apgar?
I-Apgar yiyona itafula lapho isimo somzimba wengane esanda kuzalwa sihlolwa khona. Idatha eqoshiwe etafuleni le-Apgar imane nje iyadingeka ukuze kuqashwe ngokuqhubekayo impilo yengane kanye nezinga lokunakekela elidingekayo.
Ngokungafani nomama, izidakamizwa zihlola futhi zilungise ukuphefumula kwengane, isikhumba, ithoni ye-muscle kanye ne-reflexes. Etafuleni le-Apgar, amanani afakwe esikalini kusuka ku-zero kuya kwamaphoyinti amabili. Ukulinganisa nokulungiswa kwemininingwane kwenzeka emaminithini okuqala nohlanu okuphila komntwana, kuyilapho isilinganiso sesibili singase sibe sincane kakhulu kuneyokuqala.
Ukushaywa kwe-Apgar kulinganiswa kanjani?
Uma izinga lenhliziyo yengane lidlula i-beat bekhulu ngomzuzu, khona-ke lilinganiselwe esikoleni esiphakeme (2). Uma ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane kungaphansi kwamaphesenti angama-100 ngomzuzu, kuthiwa kulinganiswa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Futhi uma impulane engekho nhlobo, khona-ke amaphuzu ahlelwe kuma-zero amaphuzu.
Ukuphefumula nokukhamuluka kwengane esanda kuzalwa.
Uma ukuphefumula kwengane kwenzeka ngokuvama kwama-40-50 okuphefumula kanye nemiphumela ngomzuzu, futhi ukukhala ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kuyisimo esibuhlungu nokubhoboza, khona-ke ukufunda okunjalo kubalwa ezingeni lamaphuzu amabili. Ukufundwa kwe-Weaker kubhalwe nge-1 score. Endabeni yokuntula ukuphefumula, ngakho-ke ukukhala kwezinsana, odokotela babeka amaphuzu ama-zero amaphuzu.
I-muscle ithoni inqunywa isikhundla somntwana esikhaleni, ukunyakaza okukhuthele okusebenzayo kwazo zonke izitho kanye nekhanda. Uma ingane isebenza ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, khona-ke amaphuzu aphezulu asethiwe. Futhi, uma zonke izingane zomntwana zigxilile ekuhlukunyezweni, lokhu nakho kubhekwa njengomphumela omuhle kakhulu. Uma ithoni ye-muscle yengane elisha lingasebenzi kakhulu, khona-ke amaphuzu wephuzu elilodwa lisungulwa. Futhi uma kungabikho ukunyakaza komntwana osanda kuzalwa, amaphuzu amancane ahlelwe ku-zero.
Ukucabangela kwengane esanda kuzalwa esikalini se-Apgar.
Ingane esanda kuzalwa isuke idingekile kakhulu ekuziphenduleleni okuhlobene nokuphila kwayo okulandelayo, okungukuthi: i-reflex yokugwinya nokuncelisa. Emaminithini okuqala okuphila ingane ingakwazi kakade ikhiqize izikhukhula eziyisisekelo zokuncelisa nokugwinya ubisi lwebele, kanye nezimo zokucabanga zokuhamba nokuhamba. Uma izingqondo zezingane zibonakaliswa ngenkuthalo, ingane ithola ukuhlolwa okuphezulu, futhi uma lezi zengqondo ziba yi-lethargic engaphezulu noma zingekho zonke ezibonisiwe, ingane ithola amaphuzu wephuzu elilodwa. Ukungabi khona kwanoma yikuphi ukucabangela kwengane kulinganiselwa kumaphuzu zero.
Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba somntwana osanda kuzalwa.
Amaphuzu aphezulu kulokhu kuhlolwa afanele i-pink yesikhumba somntwana noma umbala okhanyayo kancane, isikhumba, njengombuso, ubushelelezi ngaphandle kokulimaza kanye nezindawo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Uma isikhumba singumbala omhlophe obala obala okwesibhakabhaka, khona-ke amaphuzu abekwe endaweni eyodwa kwizinga le-Apgar. Isikhumba esinamahloni kanye nokungazibonisi kwezibonakaliso ezibalulekile kulinganiselwa kumaphuzu e-zero.
Izinkomba ezingxenyeni ze-Apgar ziyadingeka kuphela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila komntwana. Ukuze usize ingane eswele ngesikhathi sokusiza, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kanye nesimo somzimba wengane kuyadingeka. Uma ngabe usana olusanda kuzalwa aluzange lusebenze emaminithini okuqala okuphila kwakhe, lokhu akusho neze ukuthi i-anomaly noma i-pathology.