I-Ptyres iyinhlangano yama-herbaceous ferns ehlala njalo. Izilwane zasemhlabathini zifinyelela ku-2.5m ukuphakama, zibe ne-rhizome emfushane, iguqulwe zimbozwe ngezinwele noma esikalini. Amaqabunga ama-fern ahlukene noma ahlukaniswe ngokungafani, angaba nezinwele noma ama-glabrous, isikhumba, isikhumba. I-Sporangia iseceleni kweqabunga lamaqabunga futhi itholakala eceleni.
I-pteris yokubeletha ibanjwe engadini yezimboni, kanye nokweseka ekuqoqweni kwensimu yezitshalo. Zisetshenziselwa ama-phytodesign ezinsimu ze-interiors kanye nobusika, ezikhulile ezimweni zendawo.
Umhluzi ptersa unemithi yokwelapha. Ngosizo lwayo ukuyeka ukuphuma kwegazi, uphathe ubuhlungu esifubeni, usebenzise isifo sofuba, isifo somuthi, ukutheleleka kwamagciwane kanye nokushisa ngamakhemikhali. I-broth ptersa asetshenziswa kakhulu eChina, lapho iphathwa khona ngezinwele kanye nama-hemorrhoids. Ijusi leLeaf lisetshenziselwa izibungu.
Imithetho yokunakekelwa.
Ukukhanyisa. Izimbali eziphambili ze-pteris zithanda ukukhanya okukhulu, kepha ziyamesaba ukukhanya kwelanga. Indawo enhle yokubekwa kwayo yizingqimba zasentshonalanga nangasempumalanga. Uma kwenzeka i-pteris ekhulayo efasiteleni eliseningizimu, kufanele uyihambise kude nefasitela noma ungene ukukhanya ngephepha eliguquguqukayo noma i-gauze.
Ehlobo kunconywa ukuthi uthathe isitshalo ebhaleni noma engadini, kodwa khumbula ukuthi kufanele ivikelwe ekukhanyeni kwelanga, imidwebo kanye nemvula. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukubeka i-pteris emoyeni ovulekile, igumbi kufanele libe nokuphuza umoya ngokuqhubekayo.
Ebusika kubalulekile ukunikeza isitshalo ukukhanya okuhle. Ukuze uthole ukukhanya okungeziwe, sebenzisa izibani ze-fluorescent, uzifake ngaphezu kwesitshalo awukho ngaphezu kwama-50-60 cm, ubude bamahora angu-7 kuya kwangu-8 ngosuku. Ekwindla nobusika, udinga ukuvuselela igumbi, kodwa qaphela ama-drafts.
Umbuso wokushisa. Ukushisa okuhle kakhulu kokukhula okuhle kwe-pterytas kule nkathi efudumele kungu-20 ° C. Uma izinga lokushisa lamakamelo lingaphezu kuka-24 ° C, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umswakama uphakeme. Esikhathini esibandayo sonyaka, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu liyi-14-17 ° C. Amabanga anamaqabunga aluhlaza akufanele agcinwe ngaphansi kwe-12 ° C, nezinhlobo ze-variegated ezingaphansi kwe-15 ° C. Bonke abesilisa bayesaba ama-drafts. Umoya ofudumele kakhulu uphinde ubhebhethekise u-fern, ngakho ungayifaki eceleni kwebhethri yokushisa.
Ukunisela. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo kubalulekile ukuphuza izimbali ze-pteris ngokweqile njengoba ungqimba oluphezulu lwe-substrate loma. Ebusika, ukuchelela kulinganisela. Ngemuva kwesendlalelo esiphezulu se-substrate eyomile, yimisa kancane ekutheni izinsuku ezingu-1-2. Ukuwa amanzi kuyadingeka ngamanzi athambile amancane, ngaphandle ketshezi. Ungapheli amandla futhi ungadluleli i-substrate, inhlabathi kufanele ihlale imanzi.
Ukungcola komoya. I-Pteris yizimbali ezithanda umswakama ophezulu. Kunconywa ukuthi uphefute kuwo unyaka wonke. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ukuma noma ngisho namanzi ahlungiwe. Uma igumbi lomoya omile, khona-ke udinga ukufiphaza ama-fern okungenani izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngosuku. Ukuze ukwandise umswakama, ungabeka ubhodlo nge-pallet nge-claydite emanzi, ama-moss noma amatshe amatshe. Qaphela ukuthi phansi ebhodweni akufanele kufinyelele emanzini.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, kufanele ugeze lesi sitshalo ngeshawa ukuwuhlanza uthuli, usebenzise i-wai. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi "ukudonsa" udinga ukuvala ibhodlela ngepakthi ukuze ugweme ukuthola amanzi ku-substrate.
Akunconywa ukusebenzisa noma yikuphi ukufakela kokubonakala kwesigcawu emaqabunga e-fern.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Njengendlela yokugqoka ephezulu imanyolo isetshenziselwa izitshalo ze-ornamental-deciduous. Ungayenza njalo amasonto amabili kusukela ngoMeyi kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Noma kunjalo, kufanele unciphise izikhathi eziphindwe izikhathi ezimbili uma kuqhathaniswa nomkhiqizi onconywayo. Ekwindla nasebusika, ungacebisi ukondla.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo. Ukutshala kufanele kube lapho kunesidingo, lapho izimpande ze-pterytis zigcwalisa yonke ibhodlela. Umhlabathi kufanele ukhethwe ngokuphendula okungathathi hlangothi noma okuncane. I-substrate efanelekayo ingxube ngokulinganisela okulinganayo kwe-turf, amaqabunga, i-peat, i-humus nesihlabathi. Khetha ibhodlela elingenalutho, kodwa elibanzi, phansi, qiniseka ukuthi kukhona amanzi amanzi. Amaqabunga omisiwe futhi aphukile we-fern ayakunqunyulwa uma kuguqulwa.
Ngezinye izikhathi emva kokufakelwa, lezi zimbali zasendlini ziqala ukoma. Kulesi simo, kunconywa ukuthi unqume wonke amahlumela, cwilisa ibhodlela emanzini okushisa kwamahhala usuku lonke. Futhi ngokunisela njalo izimpande, ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, amaqabunga amancane azovela.
Ukukhiqiza. I-ptyris ikhiqiza izitshalo (ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla) nezinhlamvu.
I-Pteris ivame ukuzikhiqiza, ukuhlwanyela izinhlamvu kusuka e-sporangia ngoMashi. Bahluma ngo-13 ° C.
Izibonelo ezintsha ze-fern zingahlukaniswa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwesitshalo esikhulu. Noma kunjalo, akunconywa ukulihlukanisa kaningi. Khumbula ukuthi amaphuzu okukhula e-pteris angaphansi komhlaba, ngakho kufanele uwahlukanise ngokucophelela ukuze ungaphutha. Uma kungenjalo, uzokwehlisa ingxenye ye-rhizome ngaphandle kwephuzu lokukhula, kodwa ngama-wigs.
Izinkinga zokulima.
Uma amaqabunga aphenduka amabala aphuzi futhi ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka avele kubo, khona-ke izinga lokushisa kwamakamelo liphakeme kakhulu ukuze lifake i-pterisa. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, umswakama wegumbi kufanele futhi wanda. Isithombe esifanayo sibonakala ngokunisela futhi okunganele. Amabala abomvu ayibonakaliso lokushisa kwelanga.
Uma amaqabunga ephuzi, futhi ukukhula kwesitshalo kuncipha, khona-ke imbangela ebonakalayo yomswakama ophansi kakhulu ekamelweni noma ufaka umnxeba eduze nesistimu yokushisa okuphakathi.
Uma amaqabunga e-fern ekhulile, aguquguqukile futhi ahlambalaza, lokhu kukhulumela ukukhanya okukhulu kakhulu kuye.
Uma amaqabunga ephendukile aphuzi, ahlotshisiwe, aphikisiwe futhi aqala ukuwa, kusho ukuthi ekamelweni lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu, okwenziwe ngamanzi abandayo noma ama-ferns akhathazekile nge-draft. Esinye isizathu singanisela ngamanzi ahlotshisiwe, okuthiwa i-chlorosis.
Izinambuzane ze-ptersis zithinta futhi zihlukumezeka.