Umndeni wakwaFittonia ovela emndenini wakwa-Acanthus, ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, uvela ezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ezimbili kuya kwezingu-10, ezisakaze kakhulu ePeru. Kungenzeka ukuthi odadewabo uSara no-Elizabeth Fitton babhekene negama labo, yibo ababeka ngo-1850 incwadi eLondon enesihloko esithi "Izingxoxo ze-botany". Amahlamvu e-fitton anombala omuhle.
Izitshalo ze-fittonium zasendlini zikhula kahle ngezinguquko zokushisa, uma kukhona umoya omile ekamelweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo kufanele sinqunywe ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ukunakekela isitshalo:
Ukukhanyisa. Izitshalo ze-Fittonium zikhula kahle ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo okukhanyayo, kodwa ngaphandle kwemisebe yelanga. Indawo enhle yokukhula iwindi lokuma kweMpumalanga, noma entshonalanga. Ifasitela ye-orientation eseningizimu ekukhuleni kungcono ukungakhethi, nakuba lesi sitshalo sizokhula, kepha kuyodingeka ukuba i-pritenyat ithole. Futhi, lesi sitshalo sizokhula emafasitela asenyakatho epeni. Kuyadingeka ukuba ukhethe ngokucophelela indawo, ngoba i-whimsical ngokuphathelene nokukhanya, ngakho-ke iningi, akwanele. Ikakhulukazi ngokukhanyisa okungeziwe okuhle kufanele kunakekelwe ngesikhathi sebusika. Ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe kungenziwa ngosizo lwebani izibani zelanga. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya, isitshalo siqala ukwelula, ukubonakala kwamaqabunga kuyawohloka.
Umbuso wokushisa. I-Fittonia - izitshalo zi-thermophilic, ehlobo izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe kufanele libe yi-22-25 degrees, izinga lokushisa elivumelekile liye lifinyelele ku-18 o C. C. ekwindla nasebusika isitshalo sigcinwa ekushiseni kwe-18 ° C nangaphezulu, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi. Ukushisa kokuqukethwe akufanele kuguquke, isitshalo ngeke sihlupheke lokhu futhi sizoqala ukulahla amaqabunga. Uma izinga lokushisa liwela ngaphansi kwezingu-17 noma ngaphansi, lesi sitshalo sizoqala ukuphumula. Futhi, i-fittonia ayithandi ama-drafts, ikakhulukazi ebusika, ama-drafts kufanele agwenywe. Ebusika, kungcono ukugcina lesi sitshalo singasondeli amadivayisi. Ungafaki i-fittonia engadini noma ku-balcony, ngisho nasezinyangeni ezifudumele zasehlobo.
Ukunisela. Ukunisela kuqhutshwa kuphela ngamanzi afudumele afudumele, ahlale ehlala njalo. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekuwa, ukuchelela kuningi (ukuchelela, njengoba ungqimba oluphakeme kakhulu lomhlaba luzooma). Kubalulekile ukucabangela iqiniso lokuthi i-fittonium isheshe ikhuphule amanzi ngamaqabunga (abahamba phambili), lapho inhlabathi idla khona ngokushesha. Ukwedlula ngokweqile kwe-substrate akuvumelekile, ngisho kanye, uma kungenjalo ingxenye yengxenye yesitshalo izokoma futhi amaqabunga azoqala ukuwa. Ukuze uthole isitshalo, kuyingozi futhi ukugudluza i-substrate - uhlelo lwempande luqala ukubola.
Ukungcola komoya. I-fittonii idinga umswakama ophezulu, ngoba lo nyaka unyakaza isitshalo. Ukuze ufefaze, sebenzisa amanzi ahlungiwe noma amiswe ngamanzi. Uma isitshalo sisegumbini elinomoya omile, ukufafaza kwenziwa okungenani kanye ngosuku. Ungakwazi ukwandisa umswakama ngokusebenzisa i-pallet ene-claydite eluhlaza, ama-moss, amatshebhisi - faka ibhodlela lesitshalo kuso ukuze phansi kommbizi ungaphezu kwamanzi, hhayi emanzini. Ungasebenzisi imikhiqizo eyenzelwe ukuphothula amaqabunga.
Indawo. Indawo enhle ye-fittonia ekhulayo yi-terrarium ("ibhodlela lebhola"). Ukuze senze lokhu, sithatha isitsha seglasi esihlobisa ngesibindi esivaliwe noma ibhodlela lesilazi enentanyeni enkulu, uthele umhlabathi ofanele phansi, utshale lesi sitshalo, ubeke amanzi futhi umboze ngesembozo. Ngokushesha nje lapho kunconywa ezindongeni zebhodlela, vula isembozo samahora angu-1-2, ukuze isitshalo "siphumelele". Izidingo ezivulekile-okungenani ezinsukwini ezingu-7 zokuqala (kodwa hhayi izinsuku ezingu-10). Okulandelayo, isembozo sivunyelwe ukuba singavuli, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi siqaphele umswakama.
Uma lesi sitshalo sikhula ngamandla, kufanele sibe mncane. Ukucutshungulwa kwenziwa entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Uma uhlela ukubeka i-fitton "ebhodini lebhodlela" emoyeni ovulekile, khona-ke kudingeka wenze lokhu kancane kancane, nsuku zonke, uthathe ingilazi yesilazi amahora ambalwa, ngakho-ke isitshalo sizolungiselela ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo ekamelweni.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Imifino esebenzayo ikhona ngo-Ephreli-Agasti. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-fittonium kufanele idliwe zonke izinsuku ezingu-14 ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka somanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi, ngoba lezi zinhlobo zezitshalo zithinteka kakhulu kumanyolo amaningi. Ebusika, ukudla kunciphisa izikhathi ezingu-2.
Ukudubula. Ukuthi i-fittonium encane i-branched kangcono, idinga ukuchotshwa. Lapho uneminyaka engu-3 ubudala, i-fittonia yafaka izingxenye eziphansi zesitshalo - lokhu kuyimvelo. Izibonelo ezindala zivuselelwa ngokusika izihlahla, okukhiqizwa entwasahlobo. Iyenziwa ngezigaba eziningana - akumukeleki ukuthi lesi sitshalo sihlala sinqunu ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kwamaqabunga, njengoba lokhu kungavumeli amahlumela amancane ukuba athuthukise.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo. Kunconywa ukuthi ufake indawo ye-fittony entwasahlobo yonke unyaka. Ukuze udilize, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-substrate evulekile - 1/2 ingxenye ye-peat nesihlabathi esijwayelekile, kanye no-1 ingxenye ye-coniferous (heath) ne-sod land. I-Fittonia ine-root system, ngakho-ke, ukuze ukhule, udinga ukuthatha izitsha ezinzulu nezingajulile, ezansi lapho kukhishwa khona kahle.
Ukukhiqiza. Lezi zindwangu zinyuka zanda ngamatshe, ukuhlukaniswa kanye nokusika.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-cuttings - entwasahlobo ukusika i-apical stem ngamaqabunga ama-3-5 (ubude obuhle be-cuttings buyi-5-8 cm) futhi bugxile esihlabathini (okungcono kuhlanganiswe nesitsha seglasi).
Isiqu singagxila emanzini. Ingqimba yamanzi akumele idlule umthamo owodwa. Kulesi simo, isitsha esinesibambo singcono kakhulu esikhwameni seplastiki futhi siboshwe. Ukushisa kokuqukethwe ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza kufanele kube cishe ngo-25-28 o C. Izikhathi ezithile iphakethe kufanele likhiphe futhi i-open can be sprayed with leaves. Isiqu sizothatha izimpande cishe izinyanga eziyi-1.5. Lapho izithelo eziphuma emanzini zibonakala zivela ezincane ze-rootlets, zihanjiswa emhlabathini we-substrate. Ungatshala ikhophi eyodwa ngayinye, kodwa ungenza amaningana ukuze usebenze kahle.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka
- Lesi sitshalo safa ngokuzumayo. Isizathu siwumswakama obuningi bomhlabathi, ikakhulu ebusika, noma okuqukethwe okubandayo. Ebusika, i-fittonia kufanele igcinwe efudumele, futhi inhlabathi kufanele ibe semanzi kancane.
- Ingxenye engezansi ye-stem yayingenalutho. Isizathu siwukuthuthukiswa kwemvelo kwesitshalo. Ukuqedwa - entwasahlobo nje ukusika amahlumela.
- Amaqabunga e-flaccid ne-yellowing. Isizathu siwukuthi ngaphezulu kwe-substrate.
- Amathiphu amaqabunga aphendukile. Isizathu siwukuntula noma ngokweqile kwezakhi.
- Amaqabunga ahlwanyelwe akhuluma ngokukhanya okungaphezu kokukhanya, futhi nangomoya omile.
- Ithinta: isikhala, thrips, mealybug kanye nezibungu zesicabucabu.