Ama-strawberries yizitshalo ezithela kakhulu futhi ezikhula ngokushesha ezitivini zethu. Akukhona nje kuphela okumnandi kakhulu, kodwa futhi kuyigugu kakhulu njengomkhiqizo wokudla wezokwelapha nokudla. Indlela yokutshala ama-strawberries engadini yakho? Ungayenza kanjani ukuba ithele kusukela entwasahlobo kuze kube seqhwa? Konke kuxhomeke ekufikeni okulungile. Lesi siko singakhula emhlabathini wonke umuntu.
Ukutshala ama-strawberries
Ukutshala ama-strawberries ekwindla noma entwasahlobo kufanele ususe ingxenye emnyama yamaqabunga, bese ushiya kuphela umbhangqwana omncinyane kunazo zonke. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, izithombo zizovele zinyamalale - zizokoma. Lesi yisisusa esibaluleke kunazo zonke futhi esasakazeka kakhulu sokufa kwezithombo.
Uma utshala, uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lincane, khona-ke ukuphefumula komswakama akuncane. Ngalesi sikhathi, amaqabunga omile kuphela, abonakalisiwe nalabo abagulayo kufanele asuswe. Phakathi komhlaba kanye nezingxenye ezingaphansi komhlaba zenkambiso kukhona ukushintshaniswa kwemithi enomsoco futhi ewusizo, okuyinto izithombo zidinga kakhulu, ngisho naphezu kwamaqhwa. Uma strawberries vyvyvazhivaet ekwindla sekwephuzile, ke musa ukususa wonke amaqabunga, omunye uzofa.
Kuzo zonke izimpande isistimu yezimpande ingavalwa futhi ivuleke. Izitshalo eziqediwe ezivaliwe (ezinomquba womhlaba, ezimbizeni, izinkomishi) zinesilinganiso sokusinda sika-100%. Izithombo ezinezimpande ezivulekile ziyamukelwa kuye ngezici ezihlukahlukene. Ama-Strawberries anezimpande ezibuthakathaka, ezithintekayo yizifo, zijwayele kakhulu, ngidla ezinamandla futhi enempilo. Ukutshala ekuqaleni kwekwindla kungcono kunokutshala entwasahlobo. Ekwindla, izithombo zinamandla kakhulu, zikhula kahle, ngakho ukuvuna kuphakama ekuqaleni nangaphambili.
Ukutshala okufanelekile kwe-sitrobheli
Ubuchwepheshe obufanele bokulima budlala indima enkulu ekutshaleni. Isibeletho somswakama kufanele sitholakale ezingeni nenhlabathi. Uma uhlwanyela ngokujulile, khona-ke uma uphuza amanzi, inhliziyo (ukukhula) izokhukhulwa, futhi uma utshala kancane, iyokhula izimpande. Kuzo zombili izimo, lesi sitshalo cishe sizofa. Ngenxa yalokhu, kubalulekile ukucubungula inhlabathi (ukumba, ukulima) amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokufika, ukuze umhlaba uhlanganiswe, futhi kungenzeka ukubala ukujula kokutshala. Uma inhlabathi ingavamile, ngaphambi kokutshala kuyadingeka ukuba uhlangane, ngakho-ke unciphisa ingozi yokuphuluka kwezimpande ngesikhathi sokunciphisa inhlabathi.
Okulandelayo, udinga ukucabangela ukuthi ukuze usinde kahle izithombo, umswakama kuyadingeka. Ekuqaleni (10-15days), umswakama wenhlabathi kufanele ube ngu-100%. Ngalokhu udinga ukuyihlaba njalo. Kuyoba lula uma ufaka uhlelo lokunisela lokudonsa. Lapho amaqabunga eqala ukwanda ngokweqile, ukuchelela kunganciphisa, kepha akufanele ukuvumela inhlabathi ukuthi iphele.
Indlela yokusiza ukusinda kwezithombo ngehlelo lokucubungula?
Ukuze ziqale, azitshalwe endaweni ehleliwe, kodwa isikole esikoleni, esinesikimu esingu-5-15 cm ulandelana no-20-30 cm phakathi kwemigqa. Ngemva kwalokho, setha uhlaka bese umboza ngefilimu. Yebo, uma indawo ilanga kakhulu, ukuze izithombo zingabi ngaphezu kwelanga. Ngendawo enjalo, kulula ukubanakekela. Kulesi sikole, izitshalo kufanele zihlale amasonto amathathu. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi izimpande zabo zizovuselelwa futhi amaqabunga amasha azovela. Bese bemba nge-clod of land bese batshala endaweni ehleliwe ehleliwe. Emva kokutshala, udinga ukusiza izitshalo zikhule kahle futhi zivelise isivuno. Ngenxa yalokhu, kubalulekile ukuzinakekela - ukuchelela, ukukhulula inhlabathi, ukudla nokulwa nama-sobati nezifo.
Ukuhlunga ama-strawberry
Lapho isitshalo sikhula kuphela futhi sikhula amajikijolo kufanele sidliwe, kodwa uma amajikijolo avuthwa ukuwa amanzi akusifisi, ngoba ngenxa yobuningi obuningi amajikijolo abe amanzi futhi alahlekelwe ukunambitheka kwawo. NgoJuni, ama-strawberries afinyelela phezulu ekukhuliseni kwabo, ngokuvamile avunguza umoya omile futhi izinga lokushisa lomoya liphakeme. Ngakho-ke amaviki ambalwa amahlumela angomiswa, ngakho isivuno siyancipha. Kulesi simo, udinga ukuwasebenzisa ngokushesha emva kokuvuna. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuqoqa amajikijolo okulandelayo zithola okuqukethwe kwabo ushukela.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-sitrobheli
Isimo esibaluleke kakhulu sokuvunwa okuphezulu yisondlo somhlabathi. Kuye ngohlobo lwenhlabathi yokumba, 60-70 g we-superphosphate, ama-25-30 gheeel umquba, ama-7-9 kg we-compost noma i-peregrivshego umquba ngamamitha ayi-1 alethwa. Kubalulekile ukwenza lokhu izinyanga ezingu-2.5-3 ngaphambi kokutshala ama-strawberries.
Ama-Strawberries awabekezeleleki i-chlorine, amanani amakhulu ama-fertilizer amaminerali kanye nomquba omusha. Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, abaningi bezokuhlanzeka benza umquba wokutshala ngaphambi kokudla futhi awusondli enye indawo iminyaka engu-3 yokusebenza.
Ngenkathi ngayinye yokuthuthukiswa kwe sitrobheli kudinga izakhi ezahlukene. Ngentwasahlobo, u-nuzhenazot, uma ekhula, udinga i-phosphorus, lapho amajikijolo ekhula, kunesidingo sokukhulelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, kanti nokuwa kwezwi.
Ngokuvame ukuchitha uhlangothi oluningana lokufaka umanyolo ngamaminerali omanyolo. Umphumela omuhle kakhulu kwi-strawberries ukuhlanganiswa kwe-foliar nokugqoka izimpande. Umquba womquba uletha inhlabathi ngendlela eyomile noma emanzini (ukuchelela izihlahla ngaphansi kwempande). Ukuze ungadli izimpande, umanyolo kufanele usetshenziswe enhlabathini enomswakama. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-foliar kuhlanzwa emagqabeni asitshalo aneziqu zomquba eziqhekekile emanzini. Amaqabunga amanzi akudingeki ukuba afakwe umanyolo. Kungcono ukuhlanza izitshalo kusihlwa, ukuze ikhambi lihlale isikhathi eside emaqabunga.
Uhlelo lokuhlelwa komhlaba
Okubaluleke kakhulu yizikimu zokufika. Konke kuncike ngobukhulu besayithi, izinhloso nezinhloso zokulima. Isihlahla se-sitrobheli sikhula ngokuphumelelayo eminyakeni engu-2-3. Khona-ke ngeke kuveze izithelo ezinjalo.
Uma ukhula izihlahla iminyaka emibili, khona-ke badinga ukufakwa eceleni kuka-20-25 cm ngokuhlukanisa umugqa wama-30 cm.
Uma ukhula izihlahla iminyaka emi-3, ibanga lokufika ngokulandelana kufanele landa ngamasentimitha angu-10, futhi ukuhlukanisa umugqa ngo-15 cm.
Abanye balimi bachitha iminyaka eyodwa, njalo ngonyaka batsha izithombo ezintsha. Ngakho ungatshala izihlahla eziyizingcezu ezingu-50 ngomitha ngamunye.
Umlimi ngamunye kumele akhululeke ukunakekela ama-strawberries, kanti isitshalo kumele sibe nesikhala esanele sokukhula, ukulimala kanye nokudla.
Isizathu samaphuzu okuguga okukhula ukuthi ngonyaka unyaka inani lezinhliziyo landa, futhi impande ihlala yedwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, asebekhulile ehlathini, ephakeme ngaphezu komhlabathi, futhi lokhu kuyasheshisa ukuguga futhi kwenza buthaka uhlelo lwempande. Ukunciphisa le nqubo, kuyadingeka ngesikhathi esisodwa ukusihlahlela izihlahla kusukela ngonyaka wokuqala wokufika kuze kube yilapho usubeka khona umquba omusha. I-Hilling ivumela impande ukuba ikhule ngamaphuzu amasha okukhula, futhi uhlelo lwempande lukhula futhi lukhule. Inombolo kanye nenqwaba yamajikijolo izothuthuka ngokwemvelo, okusho ukuthi isihlahla singasetshenziswa isikhathi eside.
Fruiting strawberries
Indima ebalulekile ekukhuleni i-strawberries yizithelo. Uma isiko kanye nesikhathi esifanayo isikhathi eside sitshalwe endaweni eyodwa, izinambuzane zitshalwe kuwo, izifo zitholwa futhi isizinda esithathelwanayo sanda. Ngenxa yalokhu, lesi sitshalo sizochitha isikhathi esiningi nemizamo yokulwa nalezi zifo, kodwa kungaholela ekukhuliseni. Ngakho-ke, ngezikhathi ezithile, kubalulekile ukushintsha inhlabathi yezitshalo. Uma kufanelekile ukunakekela ama-strawberries, isizinda esithathelwanayo sizobuthelela kancane kancane futhi kungenzeka sikhule isikhathi eside endaweni eyodwa.
Ama-Strawberries angakhula isikhathi eside kakhulu ohlelweni lwe "Frigo". Kusuka kumaseli, impahla engenawo igciwane ikhule futhi igcinwe esiqandisini kuze kufike entwasahlobo. Entwasahlobo it is thawed futhi etshalwe enhlabathini. Emva kwezinsuku ezingu-65-85, lapho isitshalo sakhula futhi siletha isivuno, sichithwa futhi sigukwa. Ngakho ukuphumula okulandelayo kwentwasahlobo. Izifo nezinambuzane azibutheli, ngoba nje abanalo lutho ebusika, ngoba akukho okudliwayo. Uma kunjalo sikhula ama-strawberry, khona-ke inhlabathi ihlala ihlanzekile isikhathi eside, kanti izakhi zihlala isikhathi eside.