Lolu hlobo lwezitshalo lubizwa ngokuthi yi-botanist odumile avela ku-Holland V. De Vries (1806-1862). Njengomthetho, izitshalo ze-stucco zasemhlabeni noma ze-epiphytic ziyingxenye ye-genre Vriesia. Amaqabunga ezitshalo anzima futhi ashelelezi, aqoqwe ngama rosette amancane amancane, aphakanyiswe phezulu, nombala wabo uyathakazelisa ngoba amaqabunga anemivimbo ehambayo noma amabala, noma iphethini le-marble. Ihlamba engekho. Izimbali zezitshalo ziyi-inflorescences ngendlela yendlebe yombala owodwa noma multi-colored, branched noma elula. Izimbali ngokwazo zincane kakhulu, ziphuzi noma zimhlophe ngombala, zakhiwe yi-bracts - ephuzi noma ebomvu. Izimbali ngokwazo ziphela ngokushesha, kodwa ama-bracts aqhubeka izinyanga ezimbalwa, okwenza izitshalo zibukeka kahle. I-rosette yaseVriesia iyoma ngemva kokuqhakaza, ngesikhathi esifanayo, inqwaba yefihlekile ivela phansi, okunikeza amahlumela.
I-blooms yezitshalo, njengombuso, ehlobo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi isikhathi sezimbali sishintsha kwenye isikhathi sonyaka - kuncike lapho usitshala khona isitshalo. Kwenzeka ukuthi izitshalo aziqhakaze nhlobo, kulokhu kubalulekile ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwabo nge-ethylene. Naphezu kokuba le nsimu enomsoco ekhishwa yi-plant ngokwayo, ingabuye yanezelwa ngokuhlakanipha. Ukwenza lokhu, thatha amabhanana ambalwa uwahlanganise ndawonye nesitshalo nge-polyethylene. Nokho, le ndlela akufanele ihlukumezwe.
Abalimi abaningi bakhula lezi zitshalo zasendlini ngenxa yokubukeka kwabo okukhangayo ngenkathi ziqhakaza, kanti ezinye zifana namaqabunga awo angavamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-inflorescence yeVriesia ngezinye izikhathi isuke isetshenziswe bese isetshenziselwa ukwakha izingoma ezihlukahlukene.
Ukunakekela isitshalo.
Izimila uVriesia zizwa kahle endaweni emnyama futhi azibekezeleli ilanga eliqondile. Kungcono ukuyigcina eduze kwefasitela elibheke empumalanga noma entshonalanga, uma amafasitela ebheke eningizimu, bese uyimboza ilanga ehlobo lapho lisebenza kakhulu. Ekuseni nakusihlwa, ngokuphambene nalokho, ukufinyelela okuvulekile elangeni - lokhu kunomthelela ekubukeni kwezimbali. Ukukhanya okukhanyayo kuzobangela ukuba amaqabunga namaprorescences alahlekelwe umbala ojulile. Uma lesi sitshalo sinamaqabunga alula noma ahlukahlukene, yiyona ndawo ekhoneni elimnyama.
Khumbula ukuthi uVriesia uyisitshalo esikhulu kakhulu se-thermophilic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zithinteka kabi izinguquko zokushisa. Kungcono ukugcina isitshalo entwasahlobo nasehlobo ekhishini elinokushisa kwama-24-26C, ebusika nasekwindla - 18-22C. Buka izinga lokushisa kwenhlabathi - akumele libe ngaphansi kwe-18C.
Ehlobo, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthulula amanzi amancane emiphongolweni, kodwa ungavumeli ukuthi iqhume. Uma izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kwe-20C, uthele amanzi. Qaphela ngokucophelela ukuthi i-rosettes ayitholi umhlaba (isibonelo, kanye namanzi), ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sizogula futhi sife. Gcina inhlabathi esimweni esiswakanyisiwe, kodwa ungayigcwalisi ngamanzi. I-Vrieses ikhulayo emthini we-bromeliad, kanye nezinsuku eziyishumi zonke, uyisuse bese uyifaka emanzini ukuze izenze zigcwale, bese kuthi lapho amanzi egeleza, ayifake endaweni.
Ekwindla nasebusika, khulisa isitshalo futhi kancane kancane, kodwa kuphela uma izinga lokushisa ekamelweni lingaphansi kwe-22C. Uma izinga lokushisa lomoya liphakeme, manzi amanzi i-vriesia njengoba umhlaba ubomile. Amanzi kufanele asetshenziselwe ukuchelela, kufanele abe ngaphezulu kunezinga lokushisa ekamelweni, ngo-2-3C. Ngemuva kokuba isitshalo sesiphumile, ungadli amanzi emanzini, kungenjalo i-Vreeze izofa.
UVriesia uyathanda umoya omanzi - hhayi ngaphansi kwezingu-60% zomswakama. Ngakho-ke, izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku, fundiza amaqabunga ngamanzi esitokisini, bese ubeka ithreyi ngaphansi kwebhodlela nge-humidified moss, amatshe amatshe noma udaka olwandisiwe ngendlela engezansi yokuhlangana namanzi. Kungcono ukugcina isitshalo ezindaweni ezikhethekile, okuzobanika izimo ezifanele. Uma, ngesikhathi sezimbali, amanzi afika ku-inflorescence, kungenzeka ukuthi izindawo ezibomvu zizovela emaqabunga, okuzobangela ukubonakala kweVriesia. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukusula amaqabunga ngesiponji esinomuthi ngezikhathi ezithile. Sebenzisa i-wax ekhethekile efanayo yamaqabunga ayifuni.
Ukudla.
Phakathi nesikhathi sokutshala izitshalo, izitshalo kufanele zondliwe kanye njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili emva kokunisela ngamanyolo akhethekile okwenzelwe izitshalo zomndeni we-bromeliad. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungasebenzisa amanye amafolda, kodwa unciphise inani lawo ngesigamu. Izitshalo eziqukethe i-nitrogen enyukayo ayikhuthazwa, ngoba lesi sici sithinta kabi isimo sesitshalo. Futhi ebulala i-vriesia calcium.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo.
U-Vriesia akayithathi indlela engcono kakhulu, ngakho-ke ungayenza kuphela uma kunesidingo entwasahlobo noma ehlobo, ngenkathi ikhula ngokukhulayo. Uma usuthela isitshalo, qaphela ukuthi ungalimazi izimpande zawo, ngoba zibuthakathaka. Ukwengeza, isikhungo sendawo asilala phansi - lokhu kuzoholela ekuboleni.
Inhlabathi kufanele ibe yinto evulekile futhi ibe nesamba esikhulu sezakhi. Kungcono ukutshala iVriesia engxenyeni enamakhasi amaqabunga, i-turf emhlabathini, i-peat, ephezulu nephansi (ezingxenyeni ezine zazo zonke izingxenye), futhi uthathe isihlabathi esisodwa, i-sphagnum moss kanye negxolo le-larch noma i-pin (echotshoziwe). Izitshalo ze-Ground zitshalwe kahle enhlanganisela ye-turf (2h), i-peat (1h), umhlaba weqabunga (1h.) Nesihlabathi (h). Izitshalo ze-Epiphytic zizozizwa zizenzele ngokwezixube zamagxolo ephayini, i-peat ne-sphagnum. Kungcono ukwengeza amalahle kuzo zonke izingxube. I-Vrieses idinga amanzi - ibhodlela kumele libe nobumba obwandisiwe. Gcina isitshalo singcono kakhulu emabhodini amancane obumba.
Ungakhula izitshalo ze-epiphytic kuma-driftwood noma izigxobo ezihlabayo zezihlahla ze-coniferous kanye ne-oak oki. Lokhu kungenziwa ngendlela elandelayo: thatha isitshalo ebhodweni ngendwangu yomhlaba, gcoba umhlabathi nge sphagnum bese uyilungisa ekusekeleni usebenzisa ucingo noma izintambo kusuka ku-capron. Uma ulungisa ama-Vriesias amaningana kwigijimi elilodwa, uzothola umuthi we-bromeliad omangalisayo. Ukuhlobisa lokhu kudla, isibonelo, imithombo.
Ukukhiqiza.
Lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza imbewu noma amahlumela. Kuyingozi kakhulu ukuthi abe nesidumbu se-mealy nesikhumba.