Abesifazane abakhulelwe, abajwayele ukwelashwa kwemithi, kubalulekile ukukhipha othintana nabo nezilonda, badle kahle, okuncane okumele baphathwe ngemithi. Omama ozayo, ngenxa yokusebenza kwabo, bavame ukuxhumana nezifo (abasebenzi emakhemikhali, ezomuthi, abomvu, izimboni, abahwebi bezinwele, abapheki, njll), kudingeka ucabange ngendlela yokulungisa kabusha uhlelo lwakho lomsebenzi ngesikhathi sokulinda ingane. Yini okufanele uyenze uma ingane isifo sofuzo kanye nendlela yokuba - sizokutshela.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukungezwani komzimba kunikezwe ilungelo lokulandelana?
Ezinganeni ezingu-80% ezibhekene nesifo sokugula, zilinganiselwe ngamannesis. Uma bobabili umama nobaba bebagula, ingozi yokuthuthukisa lesi sifo enganeni ingama-60-80%; uma umzali oyedwa kuphela - 45-50%, ingozi yokungezwani komzimba ezinganeni zabazali abanempilo ingafinyelela ku-10-20%.
Kuphi iminyaka yobudala futhi okokuqala kwenzeke ukuphendula kwe-allergic?
Izimpawu zokuqala zokungezwani (ngendlela yokuphendula ngokudla) zivela maduze ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane futhi zifinyelele ukuphakama kwazo phakathi nonyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Ngalesi sizinda, izimpawu ze-atopic dermatitis zivame ukugcinwa; ubukhulu bawo buwela unyaka owodwa ubudala. Ezinganeni izibonakaliso ezindala zokudla kokudla kanye ne-atopic dermatitis azivamile. Ukubonakaliswa okuyisisekelo emitholampilo ye-atopic dermatitis kukhona isikhumba esinobuhle kanye nezinguquko ezivuthayo zokuvuvukala (ukubuyisela kabusha, ukuma, ukubheka, ukuqina) kwesikhumba, ukulandelela ebusweni, entanyeni, kwesikhumba, kwesikhumba, emigodini, emigodini ye-popliteal. Izimpawu zixhomeke eminyakeni yobudala. I-atonic dermatitis ivame ukuhambisana nezifo zesigubhu sezinsi. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukucheka kuyisifo sezifo eziningi kakhulu; Ukuxilongwa kungafaka udokotela kuphela emva kokubonisana kwangaphakathi. Kamuva, i-atopy yokuphefumula ivela. Uma uneminyaka eyisithupha noma eyisikhombisa, i-asthma ye-bronchial iyona evame kakhulu. Esikhathini sokusakaza, "okuholayo" i-rhinitis ye-allergenic.
Kuyini ukuvimbela ukwelashwa kwezinyanga ezinyangeni zokuqala komntwana?
Izingane zonyaka wokuqala wokuphila ezinobungozi obuningi bokudonswa kwemithi zidinga ukunakekelwa okufanele (ukuqina, ukugwema ukuthintana nezilwane zomzimba, ikakhulukazi ukondla). Unina ongumhlengikazi kufanele agcine ukudla okuphansi kwe-allergenic. Imishanguzo ye-prophylactic yenziwa kuphela ezinganeni eziphilile ngokuphelele, imisele imithi ngokuqinile ngokwezinkomba. I-prophylaxis yesibili ihlanganisa ukwamukela okwesikhashana imithi enqunywe udokotela nokuziphatha kwe-immunotherapy ethile ye-allergen.
Imiphi imithetho abazali okufanele bayilandele lapho bekhetha ukudla okuhambisanayo?
Kudingekile ukukhipha ushokoledi, i-cocoa, uju, amantongomane, amaqanda, i-caviar ye-sturgeon, inkukhu nama-broth inyama, imikhiqizo ebhemayo, izithelo ze-citrus, ama-strawberries, ama-strawberries, utamatisi, izinongo, i-sauerkraut, ama-ukhukhamba aqoshiwe, amagilebhisi, ama-apricot omisiwe. Futhi kungcono ukubonisana nomuntu ongenayo yonke into ngaphambi kokuba ufake umkhiqizo omusha kwimenyu.
Yiziphi ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle kokungezwani komzimba?
Kusukela esikhumbeni - ukubhekwa nokushintsha kwezitshalo zokuvuvukala; kusuka emehlweni - ukucheka, izinguquko zokuvuvukala, ukuhlambalaza; kusuka ekuphuleni - ukubamba, ukukhipha, ukuxubana komzimba kanye nokukhishwa kwesici, kanye nokukhwehlela owomile, ukuphefumula, ukuvuvukala.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokungezwani komzimba?
I-atopic dermatitis, i-rhinitis ye-allergen, i-asthma ye-bronchial, i-pollinosis, i-edema ka-Quincke, imifantu, ukudla nokudakwa kwezidakamizwa,
Yini ongayeluleka abazali ngayo isifo esincane sokugula?
I-atopic dermatitis, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isikhumba somntwana asithintani nezinto zokwenza izinto zokwakheka nezokubopha, izingubo kufanele zenziwe kuphela ngendwangu yokotini. Geza izinto ingane idinga isepha elula noma izithako ezikhethekile ze-hypoallergenic. Ukugeza ingane enesipuni lesana. Uthuli lwasekhaya, impova yezitshalo, uboya bezilwane ezifuywayo, izindlela zokuhlanza indlu - imvuthu zizungezwe inqwaba yezingozi ezikhona. Kufanele sizame ukunciphisa.
Kungenzeka yini ukuphatha ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle kokungezwani komzimba nabantu, izikhambi zasemakhaya?
Eqinisweni, ayikho imali enjalo.
Iziphi izifo ezingakwazi ukuzenza njengezifo zemizwa?
I-cystic fibrosis, i-primary immunodeficiency, isifo senhliziyo esiswini; ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa okungabangela ukuthi i-constriction yephethri yokuphefumula; i-reflux esophagitis, ukuzwela okukhulu emiphumeleni yamakhemikhali, i-syndrome yokunyakaza okuphazamisayo kwezingcingo zamagama, ama-scabies, i-seborrheic dermatitis, i-psoriasis, ukulunywa kwezinambuzane, i-rhinitis eguquguqukayo e-ARI, nabanye abaningi. Yingakho udinga ukubonana nodokotela ngezindlela zokukhathazeka.
Yiziphi izinkolelo eziyinhloko mayelana nemithambo eminingi evame ukuhlangenwe ngabazali abangenalwazi?
Ngesizathu esithile, kukholelwa ukuthi uma ubuntwana bekungabheki okweqile, khona-ke ngeke kubonakale kamuva. Ekuguleni kwengane ngokuvamile kwenzeka, abazali ngokwabo kufanele basolwe icala, ngoba abahambisani nezimfuneko zokuvimbela izifo zomzimba eziyisisekelo kanye nesibini.