Izinga lokuthuthukiswa
Abazali bavame ukukhathazeka ngokuthi izingane zabo ziqala ukuhlala phansi, ukukhahlela noma ukukhuluma kamuva kunabanye. Kodwa-ke, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi ingane ngayinye inezinga elilodwa lokuthuthukiswa. Umthetho wukuthi uma ingane ifunda amakhono amasha ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Uma ingane izalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kubalulekile ukucabangela lokhu uma uhlola ukuthuthukiswa kwayo. Inhloso yokuhlola usana eneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ukukhomba igebe lentuthuko. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukusungula isizathu se-lag nokunquma ukuthi ngabe ingane izoba nobunzima ekufundeni.
Ingane ihlezi
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, udokotela ucela abazali ukuba babonise ukuthi ingane iphenduka kanjani futhi ihlezi ngaphandle kokusekelwa. Lapho izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili ubudala, izingane zingavele zithembele emilenzeni yazo uma zisekelwe izibambiso, kanti ezinye-ukukhahlela. Uma ezinyangeni ezingu-9 ingane ingakwazi ukuhlala yedwa, lokhu kubonisa ukubambezeleka ekuthuthukisweni. Ingane enjalo idinga ukuhlolwa okuphelele. Cishe zonke izingane ezineminyaka engu-8 ubudala ziziphatha kahle uma zinikeza i-cube encane. Bafinyelela kuye, bathathe izingodo, basuke kusuka kwesinye isinye kuya kwesinye, bese befaka emilonyeni yabo. Udokotela angahlola nge-cube izikhathi eziningana - ngalesi sikhathi ingane kufanele isebenzise ngokufanayo izingalo zombili. Udokotela ubuza abazali ukuthi ngabe ingane iqalile ukuthatha izinto ezincane futhi ihlola amakhono amancane omoto. Izingane ezisencane zibamba izinto nazo zonke izintende. Ngezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili basebenzisa iminwe yesithupha nezenzakalo kulokhu.
Ukulandelela
Ngezinye izikhathi izingane azikwazi ukwenza izivivinyo ezichazwe ngenhla ngenxa yokugula. Kulokhu, udokotela uhlaziya ulwazi olutholwa kubazali. Uma kukhona ukungabaza, ubeka ukuhlolwa kwesibili emavikini ambalwa. Ukuthuthukisa amakhono emoto, ingane idinga umbono owanele. Ingane enezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili ibheka nxazonke futhi ilalele imininingwane encane ekhanyayo, isibonelo imihlobiso ngekhekhe. Udokotela kumele aqiniseke ukuthi ukunyakaza kwamehlo womntwana kufanelana, futhi ukuthola ukuthi kunamacala enkinga emndenini. Lapho ukutholakala okungahambi kahle kwe-strabismus nokuntuleka kokwelashwa, ukuwohloka kombono kwenzeka ngeso elilodwa. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kubaluleka kubalulekile ukuxilonga ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka futhi uthumele ingane ekubonisaneni ne-ophthalmologist. Udokotela uhlola isimo jikelele somntwana, kubandakanya umbono, ukuzwa, ukudla, ukulala. Idatha ekuthuthukiseni ingane ibhalwe irekhodi lezokwelapha. Ngenkathi enezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili, izingane ziqala ukubiza ama-syllables, isibonelo, "yebo-yebo" noma "ha-ha". Ukuhlolwa kokuziphatha kungasetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukuzwa kwengane, kepha manje sekufakwe esikhundleni sokuhlolwa kwe-audiometric.
Ukuzwa Ukukhubazeka
Njengengcindezi yeqhwa elivamile, ezinye izingane zihlakulela i-exudative otitis media (ukuvuvukala kwezindlebe eziphakathi, okungathinta isimo sokuzwa). Uma kukhona ukusola kokulahlekelwa kokuzwa, kuhlolwa ukuhlolwa (ukuguqula ikhanda kumthombo womsindo), noma ingane ibhekiselwa ku-otolaryngologist yezingane. Uma omunye wamalungu emndenini ehlushwa isithulu, kudingeka kuhlolwe ngokucophelela. Ukulala ubusuku bezingane eziningi ezineminyaka eyizinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili kunomoya ozolile. Nokho, abanye babo bavuka futhi badinga ukudla. Ngakho-ke, unina wengane angakwazi ukhathele kakhulu, okuvame ukuholela ekuthuthukiseni ukucindezeleka kwangemva kokubeletha.
Imodi yokulala
Udokotela angakwazi ukucacisa imbangela yokuvuswa kwengane evamile kaningi. Kwezinye izindawo, kunamaqembu akhethekile lapho abazali baqeqeshwa khona ukulungisa ukulala nokuziphatha kwengane. Ku-polyclinic endaweni yokuhlala, ingane ihlale isilinganiselwe, futhi uhlelo lokudla luxoxwa nodokotela wezingane zesifunda. Ngenkathi enezinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye, inani lobisi ekudleni komntwana lokuncintisana nosuku linciphise libe ngu-600 ml, kanti inani lokudla kufanele lihlukaniswe ukudla okuyisithathu. Izingane ezincelisayo zidinga imithombo eyengeziwe yensimbi. Bangakwazi ukuthola ifomula lesana noma ukuheha (imifino nenyama). Elinye lamaphuzu abalulekile ekuhloleni umntwana oneminyaka eyizinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili uthola ukuhamba kwamajoyini we-hip. Lokhu kusivumela ukuba sibone izibonakaliso zokungabonakali kokubeletha kwe-hip (congenital dysplasia ye-hip joint). Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlola ukuthi ngabe abafana baye baphonsa ama-testicles ku-scrotum. Kwabaningi abafana ekupheleni konyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwamakhomikhali behla ngokuzimela, ngaphandle kwalokho ukwelashwa okudingekayo kuyadingeka.
Itafula lokuthuthukisa umzimba
Umhlengikazi uyalimaza ingane, alinganisa ukuphakama kwakhe kanye nomjikelezo wekhanda bese ebhala idatha ngesimo sekhasi lesisindo esiphakeme eshadini lezokwelapha. Isisindo esisodwa esisodwa singanikeza ulwazi mayelana nokuthi umntwana uthola kanjani isisindo, ngakho kufanele kwenziwe njalo. Ekupheleni kocwaningo, idatha ingenwe irekhodi lezokwelapha. Iqukethe ulwazi mayelana nokugoma, futhi udokotela angakwazi ukuqapha ukuhambisana nesimiso semigomo okumelwe kwenziwe kule minyaka. Udokotela uxoxa ngezinyathelo zokuqapha nabazali bakhe ukuvimbela izingozi, izindlela zokunakekela isikhumba namazinyo omntwana, futhi uxwayise ukuthi ukubhema kwabazali kungalimaza impilo yengane.