Ngokomphumela wezifundo ezenziwa emazweni ahlukahlukene, kutholakala ukuthi isisindo somzimba sabantwana ababelethwe ngabesifazane ababhemayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa asikwenziwe ngokulinganiselwa ngo-160 kuya ku-230 g kunesisindo somzimba sezingane onomama abangabhemi. Kwaphinde kwatholakala ukuthi abesifazane ababhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa bazalwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuphindwe kabili kuya kathathu kaningi kaningi. Kwacatshangwa ukuthi wonke umntwana wesine owazalwa efile uzobe esaphila uma abazali babo bengabhemi futhi bebazi ngomonakalo wogwayi nophuzo ngenxa yezempilo zezingane.
Ezinganeni ezincane ekamelweni lokubhema, ubuthongo buphazamiseka, ukufisa ukudla kunciphisa, ngokuvamile kunesifo somzimba emathunjini. Ekuthuthukiseni kwengqondo nangokwenyama, izingane ziqala ukulahla ngemuva kontanga yabo. Izinsana ezaqala ukubhema ziba yi-anemic, zicasula, ukuqhubeka esikoleni kuyancipha, bayagula kaningi, bahle ngemuva kwezemidlalo. Kwavezwa ukuthi uma samukela amandla okusebenza kwabafundi besikole abangenalo ithonya likagwayi, lithatha ikhulu, bese ligcina inani elincane lababhemayo ngamaphesenti angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nambili, kuyilapho abaningi ababhemayo behla baba ngamashumi ayisikhombisa nesikhombisa. Abaphindaphinda ngokuphindaphindiwe phakathi kwabantwana ababhema. Ngokuvamile, izingane zibhema ngokushesha, ngokuyimfihlo, kuyilapho ziyazi ukuthi ngokushisa okusheshayo okuvela kugwayi kuya emsizeni kudlula i-nicotine izikhathi eziningi, ngokungafani nokushisa okuncane. Ngakho-ke, ukulimala kokubhema kuqhubeka nokuqhuma. Intsha eningi ivame ukubhema ama-butts, futhi ngokuyinhloko iqedela ugwayi kuze kube sekugcineni, okungukuthi, ingxenye yocuba equkethe izinto eziningi ezinobuthi. Lapho uthenga ama-cigarettes, izingane zichitha enye imali abanike yona emini, futhi ngenxa yalokho musa ukudla. Ngokuvamile ungabona ukuthi la madoda ashunqisa inkampani enkulu enogwayi ofanayo, edlulisa kusuka komunye kuya komunye. Ngalendlela yokubhema, ingozi yokudluliselwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo iyanda. Ukuqoqa ugwayi ovela emhlabathini noma ukuwacela kubantu abadala kuyingozi nakakhulu.
Kubalulekile futhi ukukhuluma ngezingozi zokuphuza utshwala nokuthi kuthinta kanjani umzimba omncane wezingane nentsha. Sekuyiminyaka engaba ngu-40, ososayensi emhlabeni wonke baye bakhathazeka ngokweqile ngezingozi ezibhekene nesizukulwane esincane - intsha, intsha kanye nezingane. Umbuzo wendlela eqhubekayo yokuphuza utshwala ngabantwana. Isibonelo, e-United States of America, izingane ezingu-91 zakwa-16 ezineminyaka engu-16 ubudala ziphuza utshwala. E-Canada, cishe abafundi abangu-90% emabangeni 7-9 badla utshwala. E-Federal Republic yaseJalimane, iphesenti elilodwa lezingane ezineminyaka engu-8-10 ubudala liboshiwe ngamaphoyisa endaweni yokudakwa.
Mhlawumbe, ungabi nomcabango okhethekile, ukuze ucabange umonakalo ongabangela intsha ngisho nokusebenzisa okulodwa ubhiya noma iwayini. Ucwaningo lwanamuhla lubonisa ukuthi azikho izicubu nezitho emzimbeni womuntu ongathinteki utshwala. Uma ingenwa, iphuka kancane kancane esibindi. Amaphesenti angu-10 kuphela esilinganiso sokuphuza utshwala asetshenziselwa ukuguqulwa angaguquki emzimbeni. Isilinganiso esisele sotshwala sisakaza kuwo wonke umzimba ngegazi, kuze kube yilapho yonke ihlukaniswa. Ngenxa yokuphelela okuphezulu kwama-tissue "amancane," ukugcwala kwawo ngamanzi kwenza kube lula utshwala ukusakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu emzimbeni wonke.
Imiphumela emibi yobunyoshwala ngokuyinhloko ithinta umsebenzi wesimiso sezinzwa. Uma uthatha i-blood content content ngayinye ngayinye, khona-ke ebuchosheni kuyoba ngu-1.75, futhi esibindi - 1.45. Ngisho nomthamo omncane wotshwala uthinta ukushintshaniswa kwezicubu zomzimba, ukudluliselwa kwemizwa yezinzwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umsebenzi wemikhumbi ye-cerebral iyadlula: kunyuke ekukhusheni, ukwanda, ukubola kwesisu. Lapho usemncane, izicubu zobuchopho azigcini kakhulu nge-phosphorus futhi zicebile emanzini, zisesiteji sokuphucula ukusebenza nokuhlelekile, ngakho-ke utshwala buyingozi kakhulu. Ngisho isiphuzo esisodwa singaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.
Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala okuphindaphindiwe noma okuphindaphindiwe kunomthelela omubi kumuntu osencane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hhayi kuphela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo eziphakeme zokucabanga kuvinjelwe, ukuthuthukiswa kwezigaba zokuziphatha nezokuziphatha kanye nemiqondo yobuhle, kodwa amakhono asevele aguqukile ayaphela.
"Injongo" elandelayo yisibindi. Kulo mzimba ukuhlukaniswa kwawo kuqhutshwa ngaphansi kwesenzo se-enzyme. Uma isilinganiso sokukhiqizwa kotshwala esibonelweni siphezulu kunezinga lokubola, khona-ke ukuqoqwa kotshwala kwenzeka, okuholela ekulimaleni kwamaseli wesibindi. Isakhiwo samangqamuzana wesibindi saphazamiseka, okuholela ekuguquleni kwezicubu. Ngokusetshenziswa kotshwala okwenziwe ngendlela efanele, amafutha ashintshaniswa emangqamuzaneni we-fover enza i-necrosis yezicubu zesibindi - okubangelwa ku-cirrhosis okuhlale ihambisana nokudakwa ngokweqile. Emzimbeni womusha osemusha, utshwala bunomthelela obhubhisa nakakhulu, ngoba isibindi sisesiteji sokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo nokusebenza. Amangqamuzana e-fover othintekile aholela ekuphukeni kwe-carbon ne-protein yamagciwane, ukuhlanganiswa kwama-enzyme namavithamini. Utshwala, ungasho ukuthi, "udubula" i-membrane yamangqamuzana esiswini, isisu, iphazamise ukuvimba nokubunjwa kwejusi esiswini. Lokhu kubiza inqubo yokugaya, okuyinto ekugcineni ithinta kabi ukuthuthukiswa nokukhula kwentsha.
Ngakho-ke, utshwala buthaka umzimba, kuvimbela ukuvuthwa kanye nokwakhiwa kwezinhlelo zayo kanye nezitho, futhi kwezinye izimo, isibonelo, uma kusetshenziselwa ukuhlukunyezwa, kuyeka ngokuphelele ukuthuthukiswa kwezakhi zomuntu siqu zesimiso sezinzwa eziphakeme. Emancane yobudala bomzimba, utshwala obunobungozi obuningi busebenza kuso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphuza utshwala ngabasha kuyabangela ukwakhiwa kotshwala ngokweqile kunabantu abadala.
Manje uyazi ngokulimala kokubhema nokuphuza utshwala ngempilo yabantwana, ngakho-ke uzobe uqaphelisisa izinto zokuzilibazisa kanye nendlela yokuphila yamadodana akho namadodakazi akho.