Iyini i-Rh factor? Kuyiprotheni ephezulu yamangqamuzana egazi (i-erythrocytes). Labo bantu abakhona kulokho abathwali be-Rh factor enhle. Labo bantu abangenawo amaprotheni egazini labo bangama-Rh. Kwavezwa ukuthi i-Rh factor engama-20% yabantu.
Uma kunjalo uma kungenakulinganiswa komama nengane ku-Rh factor, ukwakheka kwamagciwane e-antiresus kungaqala kahle emzimbeni wesifazane okhulelwe.
Futhi ayikho ingozi yokungalingani ku-Rh isici somama nengane, uma bobabili umama nobaba bengama-Rh noma uma umama ene-Rh factor. Futhi, uma ingane izuze izakhi zofuzo zabazali bobabili ngesikhathi esisodwa, khona-ke ayikho impikiswano ye-Rhesus.
Ukungahambisani kanjani nomama nengane ku-Rh factor?
Emzimbeni wesifazane okhulelwe, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kukhona impikiswano ye-Rhesus, ngenxa yalokho, emzimbeni womama, ama-antibodies ase-Rh akhiqizwa - ama-protein akhethekile. Kulolu daba, odokotela bafaka owesifazane otholwe ukuthi une-rhesus-sensitization.
Ama-anti-rhesus antibodies angase avele emzimbeni wesifazane emva kokukhipha isisu, emva kokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic, ngemva kokuzalwa kokuqala.
Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, ukukhulelwa kokuqala owesifazane ongenawo uR Rh uthola ngaphandle kokucindezeleka. Uma ukukhulelwa kokuqala kuphazanyiswa, ingozi yokuthuthukisa ukwakhiwa kwe-Rh ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okulandelayo kukhula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu ukuxilongwa akuyona into eyingozi kumzimba wesifazane nganoma iyiphi indlela. Kodwa, ukungena emgodleni wegazi, ama-Rhesus antibodies angabhubhisa ama-erythrocyte awo, okubangelwa i-anemia yengane esanda kuzalwa, ukuphazanyiswa kokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo ezibalulekile kanye nezitho zomntwana. Ukunqotshwa kwe-fetus ne-Rh isifo esibizwa nge-hemolytic. Imiphumela ebuhlungu kakhulu yokungafani komama nengane ene-factor rezu yikuzalwa kwengane engenakho ukuphila. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, umntwana uzalwa ene-jaundice noma i-anemia.
Izingane ezizalwa ngezibonakaliso zezifo ze-hemolytic zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha - ukumpompela igazi.
Ukuze ugweme imiphumela ebuhlungu yokungafani komama nengane ku-Rh factor, kufanele uqale uthintane nokubonisana kwabesifazane, lapho uzoqondiswa khona kuzo zonke izivivinyo ezidingekayo. Uma imiphumela yezivivinyo zifakazela ukuthi une-Rh factor negative, uzobekwa kwi-akhawunti ekhethekile futhi uzohlola njalo ukuthi kukhona ama-antibodies ase-Rh egazini. Uma kwenzeka uma kutholakala ama-antibodies, uzobekwa enkampanini ekhethekile ye-obstetric.
Manje isifo se-hemolytic of the fetus sitholakale kakade ezinkathini zokuqala. Umntwana usizwa ukuba asinde esibelethweni sikamama esebenzisa ukumpontshelwa igazi nge-intrauterine. Ukusebenzisa i-ultrasound ngokusebenzisa udonga lwangaphakathi lwesisu lomfazi, ingane isetshenziselwa umgqomo emgqeni we-50ml wezinhlamvu ezibomvu zegazi, ukuze ingane ikhule ngokujwayelekile kuze kube sekupheleni kokukhulelwa.
Uma owesifazane ongenawo uR Rh enengane enesici esihle se-Rh, i-antiresus gamma globulin ijojowe nge-intravenously emahoreni ambalwa okuqala. Ngesizo salesi sidakamizwa emzimbeni womama, ukukhiqizwa kwama-antibodies kuyayeka.