Enye yezindaba eziphuthumayo kakhulu ekuthandeni kwezinkinga zokubeletha kuyindlela yokwelashwa kwamathambo womlomo wesibeletho. Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi abesifazane abangaba ngu-15 kuya ku-50 baphume kwekhulu, bebona kwimizi yezinkinga zokubeletha, banesifo somlomo wesibeletho esihlukile. Ngokuvamile, izifo eziveziwe zibhekisela ezinkambisweni zokuqapha noma ezinkambisweni zangemuva (abesifazane abangaphezu kuka-80%).
Izifo zangemuva yizo ezingabangela ukuthuthukiswa komdlavuza, kodwa kumele ziphathwe futhi zigcinwe njalo ngugqirha. Izibonelo zezifo ezinjalo zingaba: i-erythroplasty, i-flat condylomas, i-leukoplakia, i-peroudo-erosions ye-genesis ehlukahlukene, ama-polyps.
Esigabeni sesibili, okungukuthi, ukuze siqonde, kufaka izifo ezingase zibe nomdlavuza. Izifo ezinjalo zihlanganisa, isibonelo, zonke iziganga ze-dysplasia.
Izifo esibelethweni somlomo wesibeletho zihlukanisiwe futhi ngokuvamile zibizwa ngokuthi izifo zobulili.
Izinhlobo ze-pathologies
Ngezansi uhlu lwezifo ezivame kakhulu ezidinga ukwelashwa nokuqapha njalo ngumchwepheshe:
- Ukwehla kwesisu somlomo wesibeletho - umonakalo emgodleni wesibeletho, obhekene nesiswini. Empeleni, lesi sifo asivamile. Ukukhuphuka kwamanzi kuqhubeka kuze kube amasonto amabili, futhi uma izimbangela ezibangela ukuthi ziphulukiswe ngokuphelele. Uma kungekho ukwelashwa okwamukelwa ngesikhathi sesifo, ukuguguleka kwamanzi kuyaba ukuguguleka komzimba, okubizwa ngokuthi "ukuguguleka komlomo wesibeletho". Izimbangela zokuguguleka okunjalo kungaba ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal, ukuvuvukala, ezinye izinhlobo zokungenelela kwe-intrauterine, imiphumela yamakhemikhali. Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi abesifazane banemizamo yokuphila, engadingi ukwelashwa nokudlula ngokuzimela.
- I-Leukoplakia iyisimpawu ngesimo esimhlophe.
- Ama-polyps yizindawo ezikhona ezinezakhiwo ezihlukene emkhathini noma emgodini wesibeletho somlomo wesibeletho.
- I-Erythroplasty indawo elula yokuphuma kwebala elibomvu.
- I-Dysplasia yisifo lapho kunokuphazanyiswa khona ekuvuthweni kwe-epithelium.
- Izimpi zomzimba zingenye yezibonakaliso ze-papillomavirus yabantu.
Ukuxilongwa kwamathambo
Kunezindlela eziningi eziyisisekelo zokuxilonga:
- I-Colposcopy. Le ndlela ihilela ukutadisha owesifazane, umlomo wesibeletho kanye nezitho zangasese usebenzisa idivaysi ekhethekile ekhulisa into yokubona i-colposcope.
- I-Biopsy. Le ndlela isetshenzisiwe uma, ukuze kutholakale indawo ethile, ukwanda kuyadingeka ngaphezu kwe-colposcope. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba ufake ukuxilongwa okunembile kakhulu.
- Ukuhlolwa okuhleliwe kwe-gynecologist. Le ndlela iqukethe ukuhlolwa okubukwa ngumchwepheshe wezitho ezifanele kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-cytological kwe-smear. Ukuhlolwa okunjalo kuyadingeka kuwo wonke wesifazane njalo ngonyaka.
Ukwelapha
Ukuze kutholakale ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo, isazi kufanele sithole imbangela, eyabangela amandla ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo futhi, uma kungenzeka, ukuyiqeda. Emva kwalokhu, udokotela ukhetha ukwelashwa okufanelekile kwesiguli. Ngezinye izikhathi ukwelashwa kwanele ukwelapha i-antiviral, ulungise imvelaphi ye-hormonal noma ukwandise umsebenzi wokuzivikela womzimba (umkhuhlane). Uma ukwelashwa okunjalo okwanele, sebenzisa:
- I-Cauterization nge-solkovaginom - imithi yamakhemikhali, okufanele isetshenziswe emthonjeni wesifo. Lena indlela ephephile futhi ephumelelayo.
- Amakhandlela kanye nokulinganisa, okungukuthi, imithi.
- I-Diathermoculation iyindlela yokusebenzisa i-cauterization. Nokho, ezingabizi, kungabangela izinkinga, ngakho-ke ayisetshenziswa njalo.
- I-Cryodestruction - ukwelashwa nge-nitrogen enamandla. Isetshenziselwa ukuguqulwa kwamanye amazwe kanye ne-dysplasia. Lena indlela engenabuhlungu. Ukuphulukiswa nokuvuselelwa kwezicubu kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezintathu.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-laser kuyindlela evumela ukuthi kuxazululwe izinkinga eziningi.
- Indlela yokusakazwa yomsakazo kuyindlela yesimanje, ephephile, ephumelelayo; izinkinga ngemuva kokwelashwa okwenzayo.
Okokugcina, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi noma yikuphi ukwelashwa kuphumelela uma kuqala esiteji sokuqala sesifo.