U-critic we-movie we-English uKenneth Tainen wabuye wathi: "Konke okudakwa yisidakwa kubona abanye besifazane, ukuqonda kuyabonakala eGarbo." Incazelo enembile kakhulu: Ama Greta amaningi abonakala njengendlela yokwenza iphupho. Izilaleli emahholo e-cinema zazihlonipha ubuhle baseSweden futhi zabahawukela labo abasondelene naye empilweni yangempela. Babengazi ukuthi ngaphezu kwethalenta lika-actor, u-Greta Garbo unenye ithalente - ukuphula izinhliziyo zalabo ababenenkinga yokuthandana naye. "Indodakazikazi" ebulalayo i-camellias "uGerta Garbo ubonakala efuna umhlatshelo ukuze anakekele.
U-Greta Louise Gustafson wazalelwa ngoSeptemba 18, 1905 eStockholm, hhayi kuphela kwabampofu, kodwa emndenini ompofu osebenza kahle. Wayengumncane kunabantwana abathathu abazali bakhe abakwazanga ukunikeza esikoleni. Futhi kuphela iminyaka embalwa kuphela. Ngakho-ke, u-Greta wayengafundi njalo, wayengacabangi kahle futhi wayengenasithakazelo ekufundeni. U-Greta wayengathandi ukukhumbula ingane. Waziphatha njengokungathi wayengekho izihlobo nhlobo. Ngemva kokufa kukaGarbo kwaziwa ukuthi unina nomfowabo omdala babehlala eU.SA iminyaka eminingi. Kule minyaka yonke uGerta akakaze ahlangane nabo. Yena, ekubeni inkanyezi eyaziwayo ye-movie nomfazi ocebile kakhulu, akazange asize umama wakhe nomfowabo bahlale eMelika, abazange basekele ngemali. Noma kunjalo, abazange bakhulume naye.
Ngesikhathi eneminyaka engu-15 ubudala, u-Greta Gustaffson wasebenza esitolo se-haberdashery, lapho ebonwa khona ngumphathi wezithunywa ezicebile uMax Gample, owaba ngumyeni wakhe wokuqala. Bonke abazange bahlale isikhathi eside. Ngokumangala okukhulu kukaMax, u-Greta ngokwakhe wafaka isicelo sokuhlukanisa. Kumyeni wakhe, wachaza ukuthi "usondliwe", futhi ummeli womndeni uGampelov uthe akanakho izimangalo zomhlaba.
UGrta Gustafson akazange aphuze ukuhlanganisa impilo yakhe nobuciko. Kodwa uma bekukhona ithuba lokuthola - akazange anqabe. Ngo-17, u-Greta wayefake izigqoko ezenzelwe umagazini womama. Lapho umqondisi wefilimu u-Maurice Stiller ebamba lezi zithombe, wamema uGrete ukuba enze indima encane. "Intombazane ephethe isicathulo" yathatha lesi sicelo ngaphandle kwenzalo. Futhi kuphela lapho ngithola ukuthi ngikhokhwa ngaphezulu ngokudubula kule ifilimu kunokuba ngifuna umthwebuli wezithombe, ngavuma.
KwakunguMaurice Stiller owasikisela ukuthi athathe le nkulumo ethi "Garbo": kwakubonakala kungavamile, ngokungafani nalokho okudumile "Gustafson". U-Stiller waphupha ngokubona uGerta eHollywood futhi ngenxa yalolu daba wahlela uhambo lwakhe emcimbini wefilimu, owahlala eConstantinople. Lapho, iSweden encane yaqaphelwa ngabameleli be-MGM inkampani enkulu yamafilimu yaseMelika. U-Greta no-Stiller bamenywa e-US futhi basayina isivumelwano nabo ngamafilimu amabili. Nokho, emva kokuqotshwa kwala mafilimu amabili, uGerta waqhubeka edubula abanye abaqondisi. U-Stiller ngemuva nje kokuthola umholo ngaphansi kwenkontileka futhi akachithi lutho. UGarbo ngokushesha waba inkanyezi. Futhi u-Stiller uhlupheka, engaziwa e-US, kodwa futhi akakwazi ukubuyela ezweni lakubo, esaba ukuhlukana noGrta Garbo.
Phakathi nokuqoshwa kwefilimu ethi "Inyama noDeveli" uGerta Garbo wahlangana noJohn Gilbert. UGilbert wayengumdlali omkhulu kakhulu okhokhelwe futhi othakazelisayo eHollywood futhi abe nedumela lenhliziyo ehlukumezayo. Kodwa wanikeza uGarta Garbo inhliziyo yakhe cishe ngosuku lokuqala lokudubula. UGilbert wayazi ukuthi angayinakekela kanjani. UGarbo wabonisa ukungakhathaleli kuyo yonke inhlanhla yakhe. Konke okumangalisa kwakungenxa kaGilbert nakubo bonke abakuzungezile, lapho, ekupheleni kokuqopha, u-Greta wathuthela ukuba ahlale naye. UMaurice Stiller wahlupheka, waba nomona, ekugcineni wenza iphutha - futhi waxoshwa ku-studio. Esikhathini eside i-MGM iphuphe ukukhipha iPygmalion engenangqondo yeGalatea enhle-Garbo. Ngangidinga izaba, bese uGarbo ngokwakhe efuna ukuba avikeleke kumuntu othanda ukuzimisela. Isigameko sathunyelwa eSweden, lapho sigula khona futhi safa ngokushesha. Lapho etholakala efile, isithombe sikaGrta sasisesandleni sakhe. I-Greta encane ephethe isicathulo sefashini. U-Greta akazange asabele ezindabeni zokufa kuka-Stiller. Udaba lwakhe noGilbert lwalugcwele. Futhi ojabulayo uGilbert wayengazi ukuthi kuye ukuxhumana noGarbo kungaba yingozi. UGrta wavuma ukushada noGilbert, ngisho nosuku lomshado lwaqokwa. Kodwa ngaphambi nje komshado, umakoti washiya indlu kaGilbert - futhi waphela nje. E-Hollywood, ubuyile, lapho ukukhathazeka kendiza yakhe kungancipha. Akazange achaze izizathu zesenzo sakhe. Futhi akazange ngisho afune ukukhuluma noGilbert.
UJohn Gilbert wayephelelwe ithemba. Ezama ukududuza umlingisi wakhe omkhulu, uLouis Meyer, oyinhloko ye-studio ye-MGM, watshela uGilbert: "Yonke into engcono kakhulu! Ngangilala ubuhle - futhi akudingeki ukuba ngishade! "UGilbert waphendula ngala mazwi angamangalisa: Washaya inhloko yenkampani yefilimu emhlathini, kangangokuthi wamshaya phansi. UMeyer othukile wenza konke ukubhubhisa uJohn Gilbert. Umlingisi wayengasenasabelo. Ngo-1929 washada umqeqeshi u-Ide Clair, kodwa wahlala naye unyaka. Akakwazanga ukukhohlwa u-Greta Garbo. U-Greta wayefana nomuthi, ubuthi obuyingozi obubhubhisayo: ungazonda, futhi nokho uzokwenza. Ehluleka ukubekezelela ukuhlukana kusuka kuGarbo, uGilbert waqala ukuphuza futhi wafa ngodakwa ngesikhathi eneminyaka engamashumi amathathu nesikhombisa.
Umshado noGilbert Garbo bakhetha ukuhlangana nomfazi: umbongi odumile nomdwebi we-screen Mercedes D'Acosta. Emhlanganweni wokuqala, i-Mercedes ayikwazanga ukuqeda ukubuka komdlandla ebusweni obuhle baseSweden. Ngesikhathi u-Greta engakwazanga ukukhipha amehlo akhe egolide elisindayo nangesafire isongo esandleni sikaMercedes. Ukuqaphela lokhu, i-Mercedes ngokuphana komthandi weqiniso yaqeda isongo futhi yasibeka esandleni sikaGrta. U-Greta wayevumile ukwamukela izipho ngokuzijabulisa okungenakulinganiswa, futhi uMercedes wazama ukuqagela zonke izifiso. Nakuba uGarbo ngokwakhe ecebile kakhulu kuneMercedes, akazange abuyele izipho. Akuzange kwenzeke kuye. UGarbo wathola kungokwemvelo ukuthi wayekhulekelwa njengonkulunkulukazi. U-Greta uhlele ukuphumula okwesikhashana ekhefu phakathi kokuqopha amafilimu amabili, futhi uMercedes wammemela endaweni yakhe eyimfihlo ogwini lwaseLake Silve Lake, lapho bachitha khona amasonto ayisithupha ndawonye. UMercedes wayejabule futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo - edumazekile. Ubungcweti, ubuntu bokudala, i-Mercedes D'Acosta ibhekwa njengenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni okujabulisayo kwengxoxo. U-Greta wayengeke akhulume nhlobo, futhi lapho evula umlomo kwacaca ukuthi yonke imibono yobuhle yayiyi-banal, izithakazelo zilinganiselwe ngokomzimba. UMercedes akakwazanga ukukholelwa ukuthi isithombe sakhe empeleni asinakho ukuhlakanipha noma ukuzwela. Kodwa ngamashumi eminyaka ambalwa ngazama "ukuxazulula imfumbe yeGarbo". Edayari yakhe yomuntu siqu, eyanyatheliswa ngemva kokufa kwakhe, uMercedes D'Acosta wavuma ngokwakhe: "Emphefumulweni wami, kwavela umuzwa womuntu ongenakho. Ingqondo yami ibona iqiniso - umuntu, inceku yentombazane evela eSweden, enomuntu umdali othinta uthando, kuphela onentshisekelo ngemali, impilo, ukudla nokulala. Kodwa nokho lobuso bukhohlisayo, futhi umphefumulo wami uzama ukuhumusha isithombe saso sibe into engqondweni yami engayamukeli. Yebo, ngimthanda, kodwa ngithanda isithombe engangiyidalile, hhayi umuntu othize wenyama negazi. "UMercedes D'Acosta wethula uGerta Garbo kuMarlene Dietrich. UGrta waba nesithakazelo kumuntu odumile waseJalimane, efunda ukuthi unamandla kakhulu othandweni. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - ngokukhululeka ngokuphanayo kumakhosikazi akhe. Futhi uMercedes wenza konke ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uGarbo noDietrich bahlangana. "Ngizokubeka embhedeni, othanda!" Futhi hhayi ngenxa yokuthi anginithandi ngokwanele, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi ngiyathanda ngayo yonke inhliziyo yami, o, Enhle kakhulu! "- wabhala i-Mercedes kwelinye lamagama eya ku-Greta. Ngendlela, inoveli yezinkanyezi ezimbili ze-movie ayizange ibuze: I-dietrich yayineqiniso, kodwa yayichithe kakhulu kuma roses amhlophe, kanti u-Garbo angathanda into ebaluleke kakhulu. Futhi embhedeni, uDietrich wamdumaza.
Njengoba uCecil Beaton, umbusi waseBrithani kanye nomthwebuli wezithombe zenkantolo yasebukhosini, u-Greta naye waziswa kuMercedes. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoMeyi 1932, ngemva nje kokudutshulwa kwe-movie "iNdlovukazi uKristina", owavusa uGarbo ngaphezu kwazo zonke izinkanyezi ze-cinematic. Kuze kube manje, uBeaton wenqatshelwe yonke imizamo yokuphoqa uGarbo ukuba amenzele. Kodwa lapho uMercedes ebazisa, uGerta akazange abheke ukuthi kuyadingeka ukwenqaba umngane womthandi wakhe ngokufana nesithombe. Lapho behlezi emgodini, uGerta wathatha i-tea rose esitokisini, wasibeka esihlathini sakhe. Njengoba uBeton ekugcineni ekhumbula, isikhumba esishubile nesigubhu ngemuva kokuhamba umude umbala onobugovu nobuciko kwakunjengaleyo evukile. Khona-ke waphakamisa imbali futhi wathi: "Nansi i-rose ephila, ifa futhi ilahleka kuze kube phakade." UGarbo wamanga i-rose wabe esemnika iBitona. Wabeka imbali edayari yakhe, wayibopha ehlathini eduze kwebhodi lakhe. U-Beaton walondoloza lokhu kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe, futhi ngemva kokuba imbali edumile yathengiswa ngamakhilogremu angu-750 amahle kakhulu - inani lemali ngaleso sikhathi! Baba abathandi. UMercedes D'Acosta wahlupheka futhi waba nomona, wabhala izinkondlo ezimbi futhi wayibeka ngaphansi komnyango kaGerta. Kodwa konke kwakungenalusizo: UGrta wakhetha iBiton.
Njengomculi weqiniso, uCecil Biton wayeqaphela ngobuhle ubuhle. Futhi ubuhle besifazane wakho othandekayo - kuqala. Wenza izithombe eziningi ezinhle, u-Greta ayekuthanda kakhulu. Washiya imidwebo emangalisayo yombhali: "Ngezimpawu zayo ezibushelelezi, ezinamahloni, kufana ne-panther noma i-mermaid, futhi, makube mude, ngezingalo ezinkulu nemilenze, - kukhona okuthile ekubukeni kwayo kusukela e-elf." Akubanga nje isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuthi iBiton, njengoMercedes, iphelile ukucabanga uGerta. Wabhala edayari yakhe: "Akukho lutho lwakhe futhi akekho umuntu ongenandaba naso. Ayikwazi ukubekezeleleka, njenge-invalid, futhi injengobugovu, futhi engathandi ukuzitholela kunoma ubani. Wayengaba yi-interlocutor enesimungulu, unenkolelo-ze, esolisayo, futhi akazi ukuthi kusho ukuthini igama elithi "ubungane". Akakwazi futhi ukuthanda. " Kodwa ngisho nokumhlola ngokucophelela, uBeeton akazange akwazi "ukucima" uGarbo emphefumulweni wakhe. Ngesikhathi sokuqala uxhumano lwabo aluzange luhlale isikhathi eside. UBiton wenza iphutha - waphakamisa uGerta ukuba abe ngumkakhe. U-Greta akaphendulanga nje ngokula, kepha ngokuphumula okuphelele ebuhlotsheni. Kuye, iziphakamiso ezinjengalezi zazizwakala njengengxenyana emphilweni yakhe, eyayiqapha ngentshiseko.
Ngo-1936, ngesikhathi kuqoshwa ifilimu ethi "Ukunqotshwa", lapho uGerta edlala khona uMaria Valewski, intombazane enhle yasePoland, uNapoleon ayithandana nayo, lo mdlali wezobuciko wayenezindaba ezimbi kakhulu nomqhubi omkhulu uLopold Stokowski. Ehlobo bahamba ndawonye behamba bezungeza i-Italy, baze bakhuluma ngomshado wabo ozayo. Kodwa uStevsvsky wakhetha umklomelo uGloria Vanderbilt. Wayenguye kuphela obala kalula owenqaba umuthi okuthiwa u-Garbo.
Ngo-1941, u-Greta Garbo wagxila kwifilimu yakhe yokugcina futhi engaphumelelanga "Owesifazane obheke ababili." Ngeminyaka engamashumi amathathu nesithupha, washiya i-movie, wazivala efulethini lakhe laseNew York, wenqaba ukwamukela izivakashi futhi wanikeza izingxoxo. Abaphela kuphela uGerta abavunyelwe empilweni yakhe kwakunguShlee. Babengomakhelwane bakhe, abafuduka eRussia. UGeorge Schlee, ummeli odumile, wanika iseluleko sezimali sikaGarbo, ngaso sonke isikhathi esifanele. Futhi umkakhe uValentine, owayegqoka izingubo ezidumile, wamthungela. Bonke baqapha ukuthula kwenkanyezi ye-movie, okwathi, bezwa ukuqala ukuguga, baxoshwa nakakhulu futhi baphuma emgwaqweni kuphela ngezibuko ezimnyama. Ukubuyela kwakhe u-Garbo kwephula ngo-1946, ngokuzumayo evele enkundleni yama-bohemian. Lapho wahlangana nabangane abaningi abadala, kuhlanganise noCecil Biton. Ababonanga iminyaka eyishumi nesine kusukela encwadini yabo emfushane. Wayeneminyaka engamashumi amane nanye ubudala, wayeneminyaka engamashumi amane nantathu. Ubuhle bakhe buye kwaphela. Kodwa uCecil Biton Greta wayesengenakuvinjelwa, enhle kakhulu. Wamncenga ukuba athole usuku - futhi wavuma ukumhlangabeza futhi. Bahamba eCentral Park, baqhuba izingxoxo ezingapheli. U-Greta Garbo, ethule futhi efihlekile, ngokuzumayo waqala ukukhuluma nokukhululeka kakhulu noBeeton. Lapho esethi kuye: "Umbhede wami uncane, ubanda futhi uhlanzekile. Ngiyamzonda ... "Khona-ke uBeeton wamnika ngokushesha ukunikezwa kwezandla nenhliziyo. Futhi, ngokweqile, uGarbo wavuma.
UBiton noGarbo abazange bamemezele umshado ozayo, kodwa bonke bohemiya bafunda ngokushesha ngakho. UBethon wayeqiniseka ngokungahlali kahle kwenjabulo yakhe yamanje. U-Greta wavuma ukumphindela futhi, kodwa, efaka igama kuye ukuze angabonakali muntu lezi zithombe: UGarbo akafuni ukuthi abalandeli bambone iminyaka engamashumi amane. Kodwa lezi zithombe zaba mnandi. UBeaton wayefuna umhlaba wonke ukwazi ukuthi othandekayo wakhe wayeselungile. Wenza iphutha elibulalayo: phakathi nohambo uGerta eSweden wadlulisela izithombe kumagazini "Vog". Lapho ezwa ngalokhu, u-Garbo wavala zonke ubudlelwano neBiton. Futhi ngemva kweminyaka eminingana eyashintsha intukuthelo yakhe ngesihawu, wavumela uCecil ngokwakhe njengomngane, ovunyelwe ukumnikeza zonke izinhlobo zezinsizakalo. UBeaton onesihlungu wayesejabule kakade ngalokhu. Yiqiniso, ngo-1959 washada noJuni Osborn, umfelokazi wepayanisi uFranz Osborne. Kodwa u-Greta Garbo wayesaluthando lwakhe kuphela kanye nengqikithi yayo yonke imicabango yakhe.
Yonke le minyaka eyinkimbinkimbi uCecil yahambisana noMercedes D'Acosta, owahlukana noGarbo futhi waphupha ukumbuyisela. UMercedes - wayesesegula kakhulu - wathumela njalo izipho zikaGarbo, azithatha ngaphandle kokubonga okuncane, akakaze aphendule ngenothi, hhayi ukuthi ukuvakashelwa. U-Greta wabiza ngokuthi uMercedes, kuphela lapho ehlala yodwa, wagula futhi wazizwa engenamsebenzi. Abashadile uShlee baphuma empilweni yakhe: uGeorge wafa, futhi u-Valentine wasuka eNew York.
Kodwa uMercedes, yena owayesegugile futhi ogula, wagijimela ocingweni lokuqala. Wathola odokotela nabahlengikazi, abazange basuke embhedeni kaGrta. Kodwa waxoshwa, ngokushesha nje lapho uGarbo eqala ukubuyiswa. UMercedes D'Acosta wabulawa ngo-1968 ngemuva kokugula okude futhi okubuhlungu, ngemuva kokudlulisela imisebenzi eminingana ebuchosheni. Wagcina ingqondo yakhe icacile kuze kube sekugcineni futhi walinda kuze kube sekupheleni. Kodwa uGarbo akazange amvakashele, akazange ambhalele ikhadi elilodwa esibhedlela, akazange afike emngcwabeni. Lapho uCecil Biton efa ngo-1980, uGrta naye akazange afune ukuphula ubumfihlo bakhe emngcwabeni futhi akazange athumele izimbali ebhokisini lakhe. U-Greta Garbo uqobo wakhe wafa ngo-Ephreli 15, 1990, eyedwa, owayekade efuna isikhathi eside futhi ekhuthele. Umdlali we-actress wayefisa ukushiswa futhi angcwatshwe eStockholm. Kodwa-ke, kwavela izinkinga eziningana zomthetho - futhi umlotha othulini wawugcinwa ehhovisi laseNew York iminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye. Lapho kuphakama umbuzo wokuthi ngubani ozozuza ifa lomdlali we-actress, ngokuzumayo waphenduka ukuthi unomshana eNingizimu Afrika owabona umama wakhe kuphela esikrinini. Uthole u-$ 32 million kusuka kuGrita Garbo. Ngakho-ke isiphetho se-"lady lady" enesabekayo ne-camellias "uGerta Garbo waphela.