Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine ayizange iphazamiseke futhi idluliselwe emgqeni odwetshiwe, zonke izinhlelo zomama esizayo ziqala ukusebenza ngomthwalo ophindwe kabili, njengoba umntfwana udinga ukudala izimo ezinhle zokuthuthukiswa, ukuhlinzeka ngokudla kanye ne-oxygen. Kodwa izinguquko zenzeka hhayi nje kuphela ngesitho esincane, kodwa nonina. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izinguquko emantombazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Toxicosis.
Ngesibili - isonto lesithathu lokukhulelwa, uma kucatshangwa ukuthi selifikile, futhi iqanda lomntwana elimisiwe lihlelwe emzimbeni wesisu, umzimba womama ukhiqiza ama-hormone avikela ukuphuphuma kwesisu. Ngalesi sigaba, isizinda se-hormonal wesifazane okhulelwe sishintsha ngokuphawulekayo, okuholela ekuguleni kwasekuseni, izinguquko ezivamile ezinyangeni, ekucindezelekeni nasekuseni. Ososayensi bathole ukuthi i-toxicosis iyisibonakaliso sokuthi uzokwazi ukukhuthazelela ingane ngaphandle kwezinkinga, futhi ukuzalwa kuyophumelela. Naphezu kokuthi ukutholakala okunjalo ngokuqinisekile kulungile, amantombazane amaningi akhulelwe, ngezinye izikhathi akakwazi ngisho nokuphuma isikhathi eside ekhaya, njengoba behlala behlukunyezwa yisicashu. Kodwa i-toxicosis ayiyona ingunaphakade futhi ngenyanga yesithathu ama-hormone emzimbeni agcizelela umsebenzi wabo.
Isisindo.
Esinye sezibonakaliso ezibonakalayo kakhulu zokukhulelwa kuyisisindo, kepha ungesabi, ngoba lokhu kuyindlela yokuphila eyenza ingane yakho ithuthuke. Kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhulelwa owesifazane uveza cishe u-10-13 kg wesisindo, okuyi-4-4.5 kg isisindo somntwana, i-amniotic fluid, i-placenta, izibilini ze-amniotic, 1-1,5 lokhu ubukhulu besisu nesifuba, 1.5 kg wegazi , I-1 kg ye-intercellular fluid kanye nokukhuphuka kwamanoni angu-4 kg, okunikeza umntwana ubisi oluzayo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukubhema nokuphuza amantombazane isisindo sibi nakakhulu, futhi izingane zizalwa ezincane futhi zikhulelwe. Ngakho, labo besifazane abazayo, kufanelekile ukucabangela indlela yakho yokuphila.
Ukuphefumula.
Umzimba omncane ngaphakathi komzimba womama udinga i-oxygen njalo ngomzuzwana, ngakho-ke ukuhlushwa kwentombazane ekhulelwe kuyanda njenge-hormone progesterone, okuyiyona eyabangela ukuphumula okwedlulele kwemisipha yezindonga ezinamandla kanye nokunyuka kwendiza ye-airway. Konke lokhu kunomthelela ekwandiseni inani lomoya eliphefumulelwe ngumama ngama-40%, okungenani ama-30% adliwe yi-fetus ngokwayo, kanti ama-10% asele asetshenziswa yizinhlelo zomzimba wesifazane okhulelwe kakhulu.
Inhliziyo nemithwalo yegazi.
Umthwalo oyinhloko ngesikhathi ukhulelwe uwela ohlelweni lwezinhliziyo, ngoba ngokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, i-ventricular hypertrophy kanye nokwanda komthamo womzuzu, zonke izinto ezidingekayo zihanjiswa esibelethweni. Ngaphezu kokusheshisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukukhulelwa kwandisa ivolumu yegazi cishe izikhathi eziphindwe izikhathi nesigamu, ngokuphathelene nalokhu, ngokuvamile emantombazaneni esimweni kukhona ukukhuliswa kwethambo lamathambo. Ukucindezela komzimba emavikini ayisishiyagalombili okuqala kuncipha kancane, ngenxa yalokho owesifazane okhulelwe angazizwa ebuthakathaka futhi ekhululekile. Futhi phakathi ne-trimester yesibili, ukunyuka kwengcindezi ye-10 mm kubonakala. i-gt; Art. Ngemuva kokulethwa, isimo ngokucindezelwa sijwayelekile. Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha ingcindezi phakathi nesikhathi sokubeletha, ngoba ukukhuphuka okukhulu kungabangela ukukhulelwa kwesisu noma ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Igazi.
Ukukhulelwa kudinga ukusebenza kahle okuvela emzimbeni womama, ngakho akumangazi ukuthi owesifazane une-hemopoiesis, i-erythrocytes eminingi, i-hemoglobin ne-plasma. Ekupheleni kokukhulelwa, inani legazi likhuphuka ngo-40%. Ngokukhulelwa ngokomzimba, kukhona ushintsho ekubunjweni kwegazi, izinguquko kubhalansi-base-base-acid. Uma amasistimu e-buffer ekhulelwe ngendlela evamile futhi enekhono elanele, ngakho-ke akukho ukuthuthwa okukhethekile kwe-PH.
I-bone ne-muscular system.
Phakathi nesikhathi sonke sokukhulelwa umzimba ulungiselela ukubeletha futhi ukhiqiza i-hormone efana ne-relaxin, enesibopho sokuhlukana okuphephile kwamalungu omzimba kanye nemisipha yokuhamba kahle kwe-fetus. Kule ndaba, ku-trimester yokugcina, owesifazane okhulelwe angase abe nomuzwa wokukhuphuka ekuhambeni kwamalungu, ngezinye izikhathi kukhona izinhlungu zesifo sezinzwa ezandleni, emadolweni nasezintweni. Konke kuvamile emva kokubeletha.
Isikhumba.
Isikhumba sowesifazane okhulelwe singabuye sihlolwe, lapho izinguquko ezimangalisayo zenzeka khona. Phakathi nendawo yesibili yesithathu, owesifazane angabona ukubonakala ebusweni benani elikhulu lama-freckles, umgwaqo ovela enkabayeni kuya emaphepheni ubumnyama, futhi uba mnyama futhi ubumnyama. Izinguquko ezinjalo zibangelwa ukuthi izigulane ezithandwayo zikhiqiza i-pigment efana ne-melanin. Ukusondela kwesikhathi sokuzalwa, isibeletho esikhulu, okuholela ekusweleni kakhudlwana isikhumba esiswini nangemuva. Uma isikhumba sowesifazane okhulelwe sinamaprotheni amaningi afana ne-elastin, i-striae ephakama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa iyoshabalalala ngokushesha ngemuva kokubeletha. Uma ngabe amaprotheni akwanele ngaleso sikhathi, ngeshwa, ukwelula amamaki kuzobonakala ngokucacile kulo lonke ukuphila.
Uhlelo lokukhetha.
Esinye sezikhathi ezingathandeki zokukhulelwa kuxhomeke endlini yangasese. Nge-trimester yesibili lesi sizalo sesivele senele ngokwanele futhi sibeka ingcindezi ngesisindo sesifazane okhulelwe. Uma isikhathi eside, isikhathi esiningi sibhekene nokucindezeleka okuvusa ukuvuthwa okuvamile. Njengoba izinso azikwazi ukucubungula yonke into emzimbeni womama ozayo, abesifazane abaningi bahlushwa ukuvuvukala. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukusimamisa izinga lokushiswa ketshezi ngosuku futhi kungabandakanyi ama-diuretics namalungiselelo.
Amandla.
Intombazane ngayinye ekhulelwe inezinguquko ezintandokazi zokunambitha. Ngokuvamile, lokho ayekuthanda ngaphambi kokukhulelwa okwamanje kuyanengwa nguye, futhi ukhetha lezo zokudla engazange azidle ngaphambili. Kodwa kufanele uqaphele ukuthi kukhona owesifazane okhulelwe, ngoba ukudla kwakhe kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekwakheni ingane. Kusukela ekudleni kuyadingeka ukuba ungabandakanyi ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, izinongo eziphukayo, zonke izinhlobo zokudla okulula kanye namaswidi. Ekudleni kwayo kufanele kube izithelo, amajikijolo, inyama, imikhiqizo yobisi, imifino, imifino kanye nemifino!
Ngakho, njengoba ubona, yiziphi izinguquko emantombazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Umzimba wesifazane okhulelwe ulawulwa yimithwalo esindayo nezinguquko, kepha namanje uhlala owesifazane othandekayo, efisa futhi enhle.