Uma umama wesikhathi esizayo ekhuphuka amazinyo nezinyawo zakhe, kunesizwa sokunganaki, isikhumba sinomuzwa wokushisa futhi konke lokhu kuhambisane nobuhlungu emilenzeni, ikakhulukazi eshisayo, ikakhulukazi ntambama, kunesizathu sokuqapha. , okwenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko ezinzulu zezingculazi ezindongeni ezinamafutha kanye nemigodi ye-valve. Izimpawu ezinjalo zivame ukwenzeka ngokuthuthukiswa kokungenwa kahle kwegazi (i-blood stagnates emithanjeni, ukuphuma kuphuphuka phansi), okuyisandulela se-varicose veins. I-varicose imilenze eyingozi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuvuvukala, thola ku-athikili ethi "I-varicose veins ekukhulelwe, ukuvuvukala."
I-Varicose imilenze yemilenze ibonakala ku-20-40% yabesifazane abakhulelwe, futhi ngaphezu kwengxenye yabo lesi sifo sitholakala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kodwa hhayi ngaphambi kwayo. Imivamisa ye-Varicose ivame kakhulu phakathi nenyanga yesi-5-6 ngenyanga yokukhulelwa. Ukukhulelwa ngalunye okulandelayo kukhulisa amathuba nokuqina kwemithanjeni ye-varicose.
Ukubonakaliswa kwemivamisa ye-varicose
Ezigaba zokuqala, azibangeli noma yikuphi ukukhathazeka, ngaphandle kobuhle, futhi emva kokuzalwa kokudlula kancane kancane. Ukunwetshwa kwemifino emincane yemilenze emincane yemilenze kungaphila ngemva kokubeletha, nakuba lezi zindlala zingabonakali kangako. Ekuqaleni kwesifo, iziguli zikhathazeka kuphela ngesiphambeko sezimonyo, khona-ke kukhona izikhalazo zomzwelo, ukukhathala, ukukhathala, i-raspiraniya emilenzeni nokuvuvukala kwazo ngemuva kokusebenza ngokomzimba (ukuhlala isikhathi eside) noma ntambama, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi eshisayo. Esikhathini esizayo, ukuqhubeka kwalesi sifo akugcini kuphela ukwanda kwenani nobukhulu bezimvuthwane ezihlanjululwe, kodwa futhi nokuvela kwezinkinga ze-trophic: ukuguqulwa kwesisu, ukuqina kwesikhumba. Ukuvama emilenzeni kuvame ukuhamba nomzwelo, ngezinye izikhathi owesifazane ukhathazekile ngenxa yobuhlungu obunzima futhi obuhlungu obuvela ikakhulu ezinyaweni nasemilenzeni futhi awunalo indawo ecacile.
Izimbangela ze-varicose ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthuthukiswa kwemithanjeni ye-varicose yizifo ezithinta izidakamizwa ze-wall enzyme. Ingozi yokuthuthukisa imithanjeni ye-varicose ikhula ngemikhawulo yemindeni, nenani lokukhulelwa kanye nobudala besifazane. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, isimiso somlenze esibuhlungu sinomthwalo omkhulu. Izinto ezihamba phambili phakathi nalesi sikhathi zishintsha emlandweni we-hormonal, ukwanda kwevolumu yokujikeleza uketshezi emzimbeni, ukucindezela kwemithanjeni ngesisu, inzuzo yesisindo.
Izibonakaliso zangaphandle zemivimbo ye-varicose ekuqaleni kwesi sifo yi-telangiectasias - ukwandiswa kwemithanjeni emincane yesikhumba enesisindo esingu-1.5 mm, okubonakalayo ekuhlolweni. Babonakala besifazane abakhulelwe esikhumbeni semilenze, kaningi ubuso, intamo, umzimba ophezulu, izingalo. I-Teleangiectasias ibukeka njengezitsha ezincane eziqhamukayo: "izinkanyezi", "izinkanyezi", "izigqoko", "ama-arches" ezinkalweni, ngaphansi kwamadolo noma ngamathole. Abaningi besifazane bayayibona i-telangiectasia ezinyaweni zabo. Ngezinye izikhathi ngezinyawo zokuhlwa - izinyawo nezinyembezi - zivuvuka ngenxa yokwanda kwegazi emithanjeni. Ngokuvamile, ukuvuvukala kungaba cishe kungabonakali, futhi isibonakaliso sodwa sokugcina amanzi osiketshezi esikhumbeni kusuka emasokisi noma izicathulo. Ungasebenzisa iminwe yakho ukuze ucindezele i-shin endaweni lapho ithambo lisetshenziselwa khona. Uma kuvuvukala, kuzomele kube nomkhondo weminwe ecindezelekile. Ukuvama emilenzeni kuvame ukuhambisana nokuxubana (njalo futhi ebusuku), kunzima ukususa ukuhlukumeza kwemisipha yemilenze, ukuzwa "kokukhahlaza okuphambanayo."
• Ukushintsha isizinda se-hormonal. Ukuvela kwemivamisa ye-varicose yemilenze ekukhulelweni kokuqala kuhlotshaniswa nemiphumela ye-hormonal, ikakhulukazi, ne-progesterone. Inani laleli hormone landa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. I-progesterone iholela ekunciphiseni kwendonga yodonga olunomunyu futhi yandisa ukufinyeleleka kwayo ku-150% wendabuko, ibuyele kuyo izinyanga ezimbili kuphela ngemva kokubeletha. Lokhu kudingekile ngokomzimba, njengoba umthamo wegazi okhulayo kancane kancane udinga ukwanda komthamo wombhede wamasongo, kanye nemithanjeni enamapulangwe amancane kunokuba imishanguzo isakazwe kabanzi.
• Ukwandisa umthamo wokujikeleza igazi. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, inani legazi elijikelezayo emithanjeni yegazi landa kakhulu. Iqala nge-trimestre yokuqala yokukhulelwa, ukuqhubekela phambili emavikini angu-36. Lezi zinguquko ziholela ekwandeni okukhulu komthwalo ezindongeni zemithanjeni yamalungu angaphansi, kuba nzima kakhulu ukushaya igazi enhliziyweni. Futhi izifo ze-varicose ziqala.
• Ukucindezela ngesisu. Ekuthuthukiseni imivimbo ye-varicose, isibeletho esikhulisiwe sinendima kuphela emithathu yokukhulelwa, kubeka ingcindezi kwi-aliac ne-inferior vena cava, okubangela ukunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni ye-femal kuya ku-50%.
• Ukuzuza isisindo. Ngokukhulelwa okuvamile, umama olindayo ungeza u-10-12 kg ngesisindo. Ngesisindo esibaluleke kakhulu (abanye abesifazane abakhulelwe baphila ngo-20-30 kg) imivimbo ye-varicose ivele kaningi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, ngokukhuluphala ngokweqile, ukucindezeleka kwegazi okwenyukayo kancane kwanda ngenxa yokwephuza ukuphuma kwegazi kusuka emithanjeni emikhulu kanye nengxenye efanele yenhliziyo. Ngenxa yalokho, i-veins ikhula ngokuthambekela kokuthuthukisa imivimbo ye-varicose.
Ukuxilongwa kwemivimbo ye-varicose
Ngoba ukuxilongwa ngokuvamile akudingekile noma yiziphi izindlela ezikhethekile - ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kwezikhalazo nokuhlolwa kowesifazane okhulelwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound dopplerographic yezingqinamba ezinkulu zomkhawulo ophansi kwenziwa. Indlela ye-ultrasound ivumela udokotela ukuthi abone isakhiwo futhi ahlolisise umsebenzi wemithanjeni yemigqa engezansi, ama-valve, futhi futhi abone ukuthi i-thrombi enezinyosi.
Ukuze ususe ukukhathala kwezinyawo kuyasiza ukwenza ukuziqubuzela kwezinyawo nganoma yikuphi ukhilimu okuvimbela ukugeleza kwegazi. Yenza ekhaya ngaphambi kokulala. Ukuhlikila ukhilimu, ukuhlambalaza ama-ankle, izibani, izintambo ezibhekise phambili ezansi: lokhu kuthuthukisa ukuphuma kwegazi. Uma unezinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-varicose veins (ngaphandle kwe-vein thrombosis, thrombophlebitis, izilonda esikhumbeni), ukuhlunga izinyawo okulula kuyasebenza futhi kuyasiza. Iqukethe kalula ukugubha umlenze wonke ngesigqoko esiqondeni ukusuka phezulu kuya phezulu - kusukela ezinyaweni kuya ekuhlungeni. Inqubo ingcono kakhulu eyenziwa hhayi kusihlwa kuphela, kodwa nasekuseni, kungakapheli imizuzu emi-5-7 emva kokwelashwa kokuzivocavoca. Lesi silinganiso sizosebenza ngokuphumelelayo uma izifundo ezifanayo zokuxilonga kwesifunda se-lumbar-sacral somgogodla, njengoba imiphumela ye-neuro-reflex kule ndawo inomthelela omuhle emathinini we-vascular of the veins of the legs. Ukushisa kunqatshelwe ekuguqukeni kokuvuvukala kwemithanjeni: i-phlebitis (ukuvuvukala kwodonga lwe-vein) ne-thrombophlebitis (ukuvuvukala kwodonga lwe-vein kuhlanganiswe ne-thrombus evala ukukhanya kwayo), ngezibonakaliso zesifo se-eczema (isifo sovuba esikhulayo esinomqondo we-neuro-allergenic). Izinqubo zamanzi ziyasiza: ukuhlukanisa okuhlukile emilenzeni - ukushintshanisa ama-jets aqinile wamanzi afudumele namnandi (5-10 imizuzu ngezinyawo). Umthelela omuhle emithanjeni ubuye uhambe (uhamba ngezicathulo ezikhululekile) nokubhukuda. Uma uqala ukubona ubunzima emilenzeni yakho, udinga ukubona i-phlebologist. Ingcweti kuphela engabeka ukwelashwa okufanele nokuvimbela, ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo esinzima njengama-varicose veins.
Ukucindezeleka kwemithanjeni
Ungasebenzisi ama-knitwear ngezikhathi ezithile noma ebusika, njengoba iziguli eziningi zenza, - kufanele zihlale zigcwala. Ukunciphisa ukuqina kwe-veins kuboniswa kuzo zonke iziguli ezinezinkinga ezingenangqondo ezingapheli, kungakhathaliseki imbangela yayo. Ukugqoka ama-knitwear yezokwelapha yindlela kuphela yokuvimbela okwenzekayo kanye nokuqhubekela phambili kwemivimbo ye-varicose futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kuvimbela i-thrombosis (ukwakheka kwezindwangu zegazi emithanjeni). Uma i-phlebologist iphakamisa, kufanele ugqoke amasitokisi okucindezela okukhethekile, ama-tights noma amasokisi amadolo (ukucindezela ama-knitwear wezokwelapha). Le mikhiqizo udokotela ubhala ngabanye, ekhetha izinga lokucindezela. Ngokulinganayo bacindezela umlenze, bengavumeli imivimbo ukuba yande futhi. ngaleyo ndlela ukwandisa ijubane lokujikeleza kwegazi nokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwemivimbo ye-varicose. Izindwangu zijwayele ukugqoka ngaphambi kokuphuma embhedeni futhi zigqoke emini, njengalapho behlisa imilenze yabo, imivimbo yabo igcwele igazi, futhi akukho jersey lesi simo ngeke sishintshe. Isihluthulelo sokuphumelela kokwelapha ukucindezelwa yinto evamile.
Imithi
Izindlela eziphumelelayo zokuthinta ithoni yemifino yi-phlebotonics okuthiwa. Kumele kubekwe udokotela osekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa nokuhlolwa. Ukukhulelwa ngengozi yokuthuthukisa imivimbo ye-varicose, ekuvimbeleni ukungasebenzi kahle kwamaphesenti angaphansi noma ukunciphisa izimpawu emithanjeni ye-varicose, kunconywa ukuba uthathe isidakamizwa se-troxevasin kuma-capsules. Kufanele isetshenziswe izikhathi ezingu-2 (ekuseni nakusihlwa) ukusebenzisa i-troxevasingel emathole, esifundeni se-popliteal, emva kwalokho okumele ulale khona imizuzu engu-10-15, uphakamise imilenze yakho. I-Troxevasin iqeda i-edema, ubuhlungu, ukuphazamiseka kwe-trophic kanye nezimo ezihlukahlukene ze-pathological ezihlobene nokuntuleka komzimba. I-Troxevasin ivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ku-trimester yesibili neyesithathu yokukhulelwa.
Ngomzwelo wokucindezeleka emilenzeni, ubuhlungu, "ukugwasa" emilenzeni ngaphambi kokulala, i-Ginkor Fort ingasetshenziswa kuma-capsules ekuseni nakusihlwa. Ngokusetshenziswa okuhleliwe (njalo), lesi sidakamizwa sinciphisa ukuqina kwemibonakaliso yemitholampilo yokungasebenzi kahle okungapheli kwemiphetho engezansi. Kunqunywe ukungenakuthola kwamanzi emiphakathini engezansi: ukuzwa ubunzima emilenzeni, izinhlungu, iziqhwaga, ukuphazamiseka kwe-trophic (isikhumba esibomvu esikhumbeni, isilonda). Thatha izidakamizwa ezibhebheni (phakathi nosuku nakusihlwa ngesikhathi sokudla). Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kungenzeka kusuka ku-trimester yesibili yokukhulelwa.
Ukwelapha okuhlinzwa
Ukwelashwa kwemivimbo ye-varicose ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwazo zonke izindlela ezisetshenziswa ngaphandle kokukhulelwa. Ukwelapha okuhlinzekwayo (ukuhlinzwa) kuboniswa kuphela ezimweni lapho u-varicosity ihambisana nokuntuleka okungenasifo okungapheli okuhlangene nezinkinga ze-varicose veins. Abesifazane abakhulelwe abavunyelwe ukusebenzisa i-sclerotherapy (i-sclerosant ijojowe emgodini futhi igxilise izindonga zayo, okwamanje igazi lamanzi liyaphela). Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nomnyaka wokuqala emva kokubeletha, okukhethwa kukho kunikelwa izindlela zokwelashwa ezingavamile (zokwelapha). Ukulethwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abanezinkinga ezingenakulinganiswa okungapheli kufanele kwenziwe nge-bandage ehlanganisiwe ngokuqhubekayo kokusetshenziswa kwazo esikhathini sokuhamba kwesikhathi ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-4.
Isidakamizwa sandisa ithoni ye-venous, iyanciphisa amandla okuphefumula kwamanzi, inomphumela we-analgesic. Ingasetshenziswa ezinyangeni zesibili neziyesithathu zokukhulelwa. Esinye esamukelekayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa yiLyoton 1000 Gel. Isidakamizwa sihlukanisa ukuphepha lapho sisetshenziselwa abesifazane abakhulelwe kuzo zonke izinyanga ezintathu. Ixhunyiwe ngokushesha, ehlinzeka ngezinga eliphakeme le-heparin ezinhlobonhlobo ngokuqhathaniswa nezinye izixazululo zendawo, ngama-creams namafutha. Isici esihlukile esihlukanisa lesi sidakamizwa kusuka kwezinye izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswe ngendlela efanayo yi-anticoagulant ebizwa ngokuthi i-anticoagulant (ukunciphisa i-coagulability yegazi), i-anti-edematous, anti-inflammatory, analgesic ne-phlebotonic (ukuthuthukisa ithoni ye-venous).I-Detralex isetshenziswa futhi. Unomphumela we-venotonic: uyanciphisa ububanzi bemithanjeni, kwandisa ithoni yabo futhi kunciphisa i-stasis enezinyosi zegazi.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka
Ukunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni ye-varicose-ehlanjululwe imilenze, i-pelvis encane, isisu, ubulili ngokuhambisana nomonakalo odongeni lwesitsha kudala izimo ezifanele ze-thrombosis. Kulokhu kufanele wengeze ukwephulwa kwesistimu yegazi yokugcoba. Ingozi yezinkinga ze-thromboembolic ekuntulekeni okungenasifo okungapheli kufinyelele ku-10%. I-thrombosis ye-veins (noma i-phlebothrombosis) - ukwakheka kwezindwangu zegazi ku-lumen ye-vein - ama-blood clots. Ngokuvinjelwa okuphelele kwe-lumen ye-vein, kukhona ubuhlungu obunzima kuwo wonke umlenze, ngokunyuka kwamazinga okushisa komzimba nama-chills, ngokunciphisa ukushisa okungenakunqamuzana komlenze osithintekile. Umlenze uphenduka ophaphathekile futhi uba umbala. Kukhona ukuvuvukala komlenze wonke, kufinyelela esifundeni esiswini nesibindi. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo kuphela ye-thrombosis kungaba nobuhlungu uma uhamba. Ukwelashwa kwe-phlebothrombosis kuvame ukuphumelela futhi kungavamile ukuholela ezinkingeni. I-thrombosis ye-Vein ingaba yinkimbinkimbi nge-embolism ye-pulmonary. I-Thrombophlebitis - ukuvuvukala kwodonga oluvunguzayo nokwakhiwa kwemithanjeni i-thrombi ku-lumen ye-vein. I-Thrombophlebitis ijwayele ukufuduka iphinde isakaze iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde isuke emanzini. Ngalolu cwaningo, izinhlungu ezibukhali zivela ngokuzumayo phakathi kwenkinga ye-varicose-dilated thrombosed. Kungenzeka ukuphakamisa izinga lokushisa libe ngu-38 ° C. Isikhumba esizungeze leyo mvuthwandaba siphenduka futhi siguquke, umvuthwandaba uzizwa ngesimo esibi kakhulu, esibuhlungu. I-Thrombophlebitis iyisifo esiyingozi futhi, ngaphandle kokuphathwa ngendlela efanele, kuvame ukuholela ezinkingeni ezisongela impilo yowesifazane: i-pulmonary embolism, i-sepsis (ukungena egazini nasezicukwaneni ze-pathogenic microbes kanye ne-toxins), imilenze ejulile ye-vein, imilenze yamagciwane.
I-thromboembolism yomthambo we-pulmonary iyinkimbinkimbi enkulu. Ngokuvamile, kubangelwa i-thrombi evelele emithanjeni ejulile yemiphetho ephansi. I-thrombi eyingozi kunazo zonke, enamathele owodwa ekudongeni komkhumbi, kanti enye, mahhala, ishayela ku-lumen ye-vein. Ngomzamo omncane: ukukhwehlela, ukunyakaza okungazelelwe, ukuhlunga - i-clot iphumula futhi igeleza emgodini wepulmonary nge-stream stream. Ithuthukisa ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo noma ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-myocardial. Isiguli ngokuzumayo sinokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, i-hemoptysis ingavela. Isikhumba sekhaleni, izindebe, izindlebe zithola umbala we-cyanotic noma ziphendukile. Ama-rattles azwakala emaphashini. Ku-echocardiogram, ama-clots atholakale enhliziyweni efanele nemithambo ye-pulmonary, izimpawu zokuphulwa komsebenzi we-ventricle efanele yenhliziyo. Ukuthuthukiswa okungazelelwe kwesimo esibi kungaholela ekufeni uma ukuhlinzwa okusheshayo kungenziwanga. Ukuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa kokuntuleka kwengqondo okungapheli kungavimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwemithanjeni ye-varicose kubesifazane abakhulelwe nezifo ezingathí sina, njenge-thrombophlebitis, i-thrombosis ye-vein ne-thromboembolism. Manje siyazi ukuthi yiziphi izilonda ze-varicose eziyingozi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukuvuvukala.