Kunoma yikuphi ubudala, ukubonakaliswa okukhulu kwe-acne kuhambisane nokunciphisa ukuzethemba, okuholela ekungahlanjululweni kwengqondo kwengqondo nokubhebhethekisa izinga lempilo. Ikakhulukazi kuyingozi ekukhuleni. Kodwa, naphezu kokusakazeka kwaleli dermatosis, abantu abangama-20% kuphela abaphendukela ochwepheshe ukuze basize, abanye baxhomeke emandleni abo nolwazi lwabo, futhi bavame ukulahlekelwa le mpi ngokumelene nama-acne.
Ngokumangalisayo, kodwa igama elithi "induna" ngesiGreki lisho ukuthi "izimbali". Mhlawumbe, abalobi basendulo babecabanga ukuthi umuntu "uhluma", njengembali. Kodwa le nkulumo yayilungisiwe.
Ngakho-ke, i-acne (noma i-acne) yisifo esingelapheki sezinhlayiya ezisezintweni ezivame ukwenziwa, ezivame ukuba nezakhi zofuzo, ezihambisana nomsebenzi wazo ekuphenduleni ama-androgens (ama-hormone ezocansi, ngezinye izikhathi abizwa ngokuthi amadoda, kodwa emzimbeni wesifazane nawo akhiqizwa). Futhi, ukubukeka kwe-acne kuphakanyiswa ukuxuba okungalingani kwamaseli esikhumba kanye nokuphendula okuvuvukala kwamathishu. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokwakheka kwe-acne yi-keratinization eqinile ngaphakathi kwe-pores. Kusuka kwamangqamuzana anamanoni namafutha akhona ama-plugs, avimbela amafutha. I-acne ibonakala esikhumbeni ngokubukeka kwezinto ezingekho ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala.
Futhi manje siphendukela kwimibuto ephathelene ne-acne nama-acne.
Iyini i-acne futhi ivelaphi? Kungani nje izolo kwakuyisikhumba esihlanzekile, futhi namuhla kuyinkinga?
Yebo, njenganoma yiziphi izinguquko ezempilo, izinguquko zesikhumba akuyona indaba yosuku olulodwa. Ngokujwayelekile izibonakaliso zokuqala zezinyosi ziyavela ebusheni, lapho i-androgens, eyenziwe yizicabha zangaphakathi, iqala ukusebenza emzimbeni wengane izolo. Futhi hhayi kuphela kubafana, ama-androgens akhiqizwa amantombazane. I-Androgens ithinta umsebenzi we-sebaceous-hair follicles, okwandisa umsebenzi wabo, okuholela ekukhuleni ngobuningi kanye nekhwalithi ye-sebum. Ngenxa yokwanda kwenani le-sebum, ama-ducts wezinhlayiya ezibhebhethekile aselula, yandisa ama-pores esikhumba, lapho efihla khona ama-comedones (igama elidumile - amachashazi amnyama). Ama-comedones avulekile - amachashazi amnyama avamile, namagundane avaliwe, amhlophe (igama elidumile - i-apiary). Kokubili ama-comedones avulwe futhi avaliwe akuyona indlela yokuvuvukala yama-acne, iningi labantu abasha kanye nabantu abadala abakucabangi ngisho nenkinga ngokwabo. Kodwa kungani abanye abantu benesikhumba esihlanzekile, kanti abanye banamafutha agcwele. Kuxhomeke ekutheni inani le-androgens elithwetshiswa ngumzimba, futhi nokuzwela kwesikhumba ngokwayo ku-androgens. Kubantu ababili abahlukene, inani elifanayo le-androgen lingakhululwa (aliphakanyisiwe), kodwa kumuntu onesikhumba ozwela kakhulu ku-androgens futhi uzobe ethinteka kakhulu ngale nkinga. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane.
Ungasusa kanjani u-acne?
Njengoba kunezici eziningana ezithintekayo ekwakheni amacembe, ukulwa nenkinga kufanele kube yinkimbinkimbi. Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba efanelekile. Okuthiwa:
- Ukukhipha amakhemikhali okwedlulele ngokweqile ngesikhathi esesikhumba - lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuba iqhaza ngokukhululekile emzimbeni we-metabolism futhi kutholakale ukufinyelela kwe-oxygen esikhumbeni. Amabhaktheriya athululeka kakhulu ezimweni ngokuntuleka kwe-oxygen.
- Nciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-sebum. Ekukhuleni, kunzima kakhulu - ukudlula ngokweqile kwe-androgens emzimbeni, kokubili abesilisa nabesifazane abasha, kuyinhlangano evamile. Kodwa ezimweni ezinzima ze-acne, i-cosmetologist ingabeka imithi (ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle noma kwangaphakathi) okunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-sebum - lokhu kuzokwenza ngcono isimo sesikhumba.
- Bheka ukwelashwa okulwa nokuvuvukala (uma kwenzeka izimo ezinzima ze-acne ene-inflamed or conglobate acne) ukuthinta izitshalo zebhaktheriya.
- Thatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa imiphumela emibi ye-acne (ukuguqulwa kokubhuka nokukhwabanisa, ukukhanyisa amabala e-pigment, ukulungiswa kwesayizi ye-pore) nokuvimbela ukubonakala kwe-acne entsha.
- Ukukhukhumezeka kakhudlwana kwesikhumba nomzimba wonke.
Kungani ungakwazi ukukhipha u-acne wakho ngokwakho? Futhi uma ugaxa le ndawo ngotshwala?
Kungcono ukwenza ngaphandle kokwenza umsebenzi futhi ungathathi amathuba. Isizathu silula futhi sicacile: isikhumba somuntu yedwa kuphela sokuphila, akunakwenzeka ukuwuguqula njengezembatho, akunakwenzeka ukuzifihla okungokoqobo nangesikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, indlela engcono kakhulu ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela, futhi uma kwenzeka izintambo, ukulungiswa kancane kancane kwalesi simo nakho kwenziwa. Yonke intsha iyakwazi ukukhipha izinkuni ngokuzenzekelayo, kodwa cishe akekho owazi ukukwenza ngendlela efanele futhi uma lokhu kungenakwenziwa nakanjani, ngoba, okokuqala, kuyingozi enkulu yokutheleleka, futhi okwesibili, ngokucindezela okungenayo (okungenakusebenza) kokuphuma kwamacne, amathuba okuthola izibazi kanye neminye imiphumela engathandeki. Futhi okwesithathu (futhi lokhu kuyinto esemqoka), izakhi ezisuke zivuthayo azikhiphi nhlobo, ngoba akusadingeki ukuba zihambe ngaphandle kosizo ngokwabo ngemva kwesikhathi. Ngisho ne-cosmetologist, lapho uhlanza ubuso, ususa kuphela izinto ezingezona ukuvuvukala ukuze uvimbele ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo. Kodwa, ngombono wami, isizathu sokuthi abantu baqhubeke bexosha induna ngokuqhubekayo, kwelinye - kukholwa ukuthi lifakwe ngaphandle, libonakala ngendlela ekhangayo, okungukuthi, imbangela ye-extrusion iwukuphela kwengqondo. Ngimemezela ngokuzimela: cha, ngeke kube ngcono kulokhu - ngaphandle uma kunesibalo esikhulu.
Ungenza ngaphandle kwe-acne, noma ingabe uyisibopho esibophezela ekukhusheni?
Ake siphenduke izibalo: uhlobo oluthile lwe-acne lubonakala ku-65-90% yabantu abasakhula futhi ku-30% wabantu emva kweminyaka engu-25. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nemingcele yobudala ishintshile kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okwenza izidakamizwa zikwazi ukukhuluma nge-acne, kodwa "ngokugcwele" induna. Kodwa, njenganoma yisiphi isifo, i-acne inezinyathelo zayo (3 noma 4 ngokulinganiselwa kochwepheshe abahlukile), ngakho ungadikibali. Asikwazi njalo ukugwema ngokuphelele le nkinga. Kodwa emandleni ethu ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kwayo. U-oily, isikhumba senkinga akuyona inkinga ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ingabe ukudla kudlalela indima lapho kwenzeka khona izinkuni?
Akukho ucwaningo lwesayensi oluye lwabonisa ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kokuqala kwama-acne nokusetshenziswa kokudla okuthile. Abantu abanezinyosi bangadla noma yini - ushokoledi, amazambane othosiwe, amaqanda. Phakathi kwabantu abakhulu kakhulu, ama-acne akwenzeka kaningi kunelabo abathandekayo, kunalokho ngokuphambene nalokho. Ngamanye amazwi, amafutha athathwa ngumuntu awubonisi esikhumbeni njengama-acne. Kodwa-ke, uma othile eqiniseka ukuthi uhlobo oluthile lokudla lubangele induna, kungcono ukugwema ukudla lokhu.
Kubonakala sengathi amantombazane angase ahlupheke emnyama kunabesilisa. Ingabe kunjalo?
Amantombazane ahlupheka kakhulu ngenxa ye-acne, futhi abafana abakhokha kancane kancane le nkinga. Emantombazaneni, ngenxa yokujikeleza kokuya esikhathini kanye nokushintshaniswa kwe-hormone ehambisanayo, lezi zinkinga zinezikhukhula zanyanga zonke. Kwabafana, isenzo se-androgens ngokuvamile siyisimiso, izigulane ezisabekayo zikhulu ngobukhulu, isikhumba sinamafutha, kanye nama-acne, ngokombono wami, kwezinye izigaba zibonakala zibi kakhulu. Futhi bangaki abafana abazobukela ngokucophelela isikhumba? Kusukela ekuhlangenwe nakho kwami ngingasho ukuthi abafana abaningi kunzima kakhulu ukuphoqa ngisho nokuzigeza kahle. Kodwa maduzane izinsizwa seziqalile ukunakekela ngokwengeziwe ukubonakala kwazo, yingakho ngisho ne-cosmetologist ivakashelwa kaningi kunangaphambili.
I-acne iyisici esiyisiphambeko noma isignali ngezinkinga ezithile ezinzima?
Lapho usakhula, lokhu kungaba yinto evamile, kodwa emva kweminyaka engu-25 akuyona into evamile. Kukholelwa ukuthi isikhumba siyilungu elihlosiwe lamahomoni. Ngakho-ke, isikhumba ngokwayo asikwazi "ukukhiqiza" induna - ihlale ibonisa lezo noma ezinye izici ze-metabolism. Uma ekukhuleni lokhu kulungele ukukhula komzimba, bese kuthi kamuva izizathu zingase zihluke, kodwa eziningi zazo zihlobene nesenzo samahomoni. Uma owesifazane omdala enezinyosi ezineminyaka yobudala, lokhu kungabonisa ukwephulwa komsebenzi wama-ovari (ngokuphathelene ne-polycystosis, isibonelo, uma inani lamabhomu ama-hormone wesilisa landa ngezikhathi ezithile). Owesifazane onempilo ovela ekubukeni kwe-acne uvikelwe yi-estrogens - ama-hormone ama-ovari, futhi ukuphazanyiswa kwe-homeostasis emkhakheni we-hormonal wesifazane kungathinta isimo sesikhumba. Esikhathini sokuhlukaniswa kwe-acne kukhona okuthiwa "i-acne tarda" - isikhumba sekwephuzile esivela ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, okuphinde kuhlotshaniswe nezinguquko emlandweni we-hormonal.