Umuthi-njenge-aloe, okhulayo ebhodweni, okhula ngobubanzi nokuphakama, unikeza amahlumela amaningi. Emvelweni, ukuphakama kwe-aloe kufinyelela kumamitha amathathu. I-aloe yomuthi ingabhekwa njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa.
I-Aloe yisitshalo esimnandi esinomzimba omncane, omude (kusuka ku-20 kuya ku-30 cm), amaqabunga amnandi, amaqabunga anamanzi anemifino encane kunazo zonke emaphethelweni.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo ze-aloe.
Emhlabeni wezitshalo ezingapheli, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-340 ezisatshalaliswa esiqhingini saseMadagascar, eNingizimu Afrika, ezindaweni ezibandayo zase-Afrika, e-Peninsula yase-Arabia, empumalanga ye-Afrika.
Aloe arborescens (igama lesiNgisi Aloe arborescens).
I-Aloe vera iyisibhakabhaka esinempilo esakhula kumamitha amathathu noma ngaphezulu.
Iziqu zalezi zinhlobo ze-aloe branching, zime, kusukela ngezansi zibe "nesembozo" kusukela emasala asebeni lamaqabunga asefile kakade. Amaqabunga ayenama-sessile, avamile, amancane-lanceolate, amanzi amanzi, esezansi awela emgodini, ehla, ehlathini, emaphethelweni ama-spines amancane aphethwe phezulu (naphezu kobukhulu bawo, anamandla kakhulu), ama-glabrous, ama-bluish noma ama-matte ahlaza, 60 amasentimitha. I-Tsvetonos, ubude obufinyelela kumamentimitha angu-80, iphetha nge-inflorescence ehlukahlukene ye-racemose. I-perianth yayo i-tubular, i-six-membered, ihlukaniswe cishe emhlabathini. Amagundane alo anamamitha angu-4 ubude, abuyele kancane, ngaphakathi anombala ophuzi, kanti ngaphandle kubomvu.
I-Aloe ihlungwe (igama lesiNgisi elithi Aloe plicattilis).
I-Aloe ihlungwe - umuthi ophakathi nendawo noma i-shrub enomsoco okhula ngamamitha angu-3-5 ukuphakama, futhi unesiqu esifushane se-fork-branching. Unamaqabunga angama-16, aseduze emigqeni emibili emaphethelweni amagatsha, amaqabunga alo aloe angamafutha, amabhande, ubude bamaqabunga ngamasentimitha angu-30, ububanzi buyizingalo ezine, ububanzi bamaqabunga buhlangene; Kungenzeka kube nombala ompunga noma ohlaza okomvu. I-Inflorescence - nge-peduncle ibhulashi elula, ubude obuyi-50 cm futhi lapho kusuka khona izimbali ezingu-25 kuya ku-30 nge-perianth ye-trilral cylindrical sharlough-red.
Aloe variegate (igama lesiNgisi).
Isitshalo se-Succulent, ukuphakama kufika ku-30 cm. Amaqabunga akhula aze afinyelele kumamitha angu-15, angamafutha, angenangqamuzana-lanceolate, enqenqemeni yezintambo ezincane, ezihlambulukile, eziluhlaza ezinamabala angenangqamuzana angenawo amabala amancane amancane. Amaqabunga aqoqwe ama-rosettes ase-basal, noma atholakale ngeziqu ezincane ezinemigqa emithathu enesisindo esivundiswa ngomoya. Izimbali zikhula zibe ngu-3, 5 amasentimitha angu-5, zitholakala kuma-peduncles, ngesimo sifana nezimbali zezinhlobo zangaphambilini. Umbala we-perianth uhluka kusuka ku-pink kuya obomvu obomvu, noma i-sharlakh enezingqimba eziluhlaza, ngaphakathi kuphuzi.
I-Aloe i-austite (igama lesiNgisi i-Aloe aristata).
Lezi zinhlobo ze-aloe zineqabunga elimnandi kakhulu, eliqoqwe kuma-rosettes amancane, okungamamitha ayisentimitha angu-8-10, iqembu noma elilodwa. Amaqabunga ajwayelekile nge-lanceolate, iphoyinti iphela enqabeni engenabalabala, ikhule ibe ubude obuyi-10 cm, ububanzi bubekwe phansi kuze kufike ku-1-1.5 cm. Iqabunga elisesisekelo limbozwe izihluthulelo ezimhlophe ezithambile, ezitholakalayo, noma emigqeni eyodwa noma emibili yesikhathi eside. Ingxenyeni yeqabunga ine-white martial, martial margin margin. I-Inflorescence - ibhulashini elincane noma elilula, elitholakala ku-peduncle, ubude obungamamitha angu-50 ubude.
Izimbali ziyi-tubular, engxenyeni engenhla ayicacisi nge-ribbed ebomvu-orange, ngaphansi kwe-perianth ebhukile, ubude bayo buyizingalo ezine.
Aloe barbadensis, noma i- Aloe vera (igama lesiNgisi elithi Aloe vera).
Loluhlobo lwe-aloe lunempahla enhle kakhulu yokuphulukisa yemvelo.
Ngisho nasezikhathini zasendulo, i-aloe yayihlwanyelwe njengesitshalo somuthi. Le nhlobo yokuphela kwe-herbaceous ihle kakhulu, i-jagged, imincane, cishe ibeka amaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eqoqwe kuma-rosettes ahambisanayo. Kulezi zinyoni, i-aloe flower stem ikhula kuze kube ngamapentimitha angu-90 ubude.
Ngokuqondene nezwe langokwemvelo lalezi zinhlobo ze-aloe, imibono ehlukene izwakala. Abanye ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi izinhlobo ze-aloe zasendle zikhula eziqhingini zaseCape Verde naseCanary Islands. Abanye ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi indawo yokusabalalisa kwemvelo ye-aloe yi-Peninsula yase-Arabhu ne-Northeast Africa.
Ukunakekela isitshalo.
Indawo. I-Aloe kumele ikhule ekamelweni elikhanyayo, kodwa kufanele lijwayele ilanga kancane (ngamahora ashisa kakhulu isitshalo sidinga ukuthunjwa emisebeni eqondile yelanga). Ebusika, i-aloe kufanele ikhule endaweni ekhanyayo nepholile (ukushisa kwekamelo kufanele kube ngu-12 13 C 0 ). Ehlobo, kunjalo, kungcono ukuphuma emgwaqweni, emoyeni omusha.
Ukunakekela i-aloe. Ehlobo, lesi sihlahla kufanele siphuze ngokweqile, futhi siphuze kancane ngesikhathi sasebusika, futhi inhlabathi ebhodweni kufanele isome ngokuphelele phakathi kokuchelela. Ehlobo, kuyinto efiselekayo yokupunga lesi sitshalo (umshini wokufafaza akufanele usondiswe eduze, ngaphandle kwalokho amanzi aqoqiwe phakathi kwendawo yokuphuma ayobangelwa ukubola kwesisekelo seqabunga). Ehlobo, kabili ngenyanga, kuyadingeka ukuba ukhule ngomanyolo ogcwele ombumbulu.
Isitshalo esincane se-aloe singasatshalaliswa njalo ngonyaka, futhi izitshalo ezindala zingathathwa emva kweminyaka engu-2-3. Kubalulekile ukutshala izitshalo entwasahlobo, le nqubo yenziwa ngendlela yokushintshwa.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka:
- imisebe eyomile yamagqabi, i-yellowing emaphethelweni. Izizathu ziyisigaba sokuqala sobuthe nomusi wokubhema noma i-chlorine, umoya omile, indlala ye-potassium;
- ukubola kwezimpande. Izimbangela - amanzi aphelile, isitshalo sibonakala sigula, silahlekelwa ukuhlobanisa kwayo;
- ukuphuza kwesitshalo sonke. Izimbangela - umoya omile, ukuthutha ngokweqile kwenhlabathi noma ukudoba ngokweqile. Ubuningi obukhulu be-coma yendalo noma umhlabathi osindayo, ukuzithoba kwayo. Noma isitshalo silungiselela ukuthula;
- amaqabunga, ahluleke. Isizathu siwumswakama obuningi emhlabathini;
- amaqabunga enhlobo engavamile, aphuzi noma alula. Isizathu asikhanyisi okwanele.
Izinambuzane nezifo ze-aloe. I-Aloe yisitshalo esingamelana nezilokazane nezifo. Noma kunjalo, i-aloe ingaqala isihlava, khona-ke izinambuzane kufanele zihlulwe emagqabeni futhi zihlanjwe ngesisombululo sensipho.